动名词，指的是动词ing形式的一种，兼有动词和名词特征的非限定动词。它可以支配宾语，也能被副词修饰。动名词有时态和语态的变化。英语中的动名词是由动词变化而来。
1.动名词的复合结构：物主代词（或名词所有格）+ 动名词
He suggested our trying it once again. 他建议我们再试一次。
2.句法功能:(1）作主语：Reading aloud is very helpful.朗读是很有好处的。
当动名词短语作主语时用it作形式主语。It's no use quarrelling.争吵是没用的。
（2）作表语：The queen's job is laying eggs. 蚁后的工作是产卵。
（3）作宾语：既可作动词宾语也可作介词宾语
They haven't finished building the dam. 他们还没有建好大坝。
We have to prevent the air from being polluted. 我们必须阻止空气被污染。
[agree to ，object to, close to , come to , lead to , refer to , equal to , familiar to , point to , thank to , devote to , next to , belong to , be used to , look forward to]
动名词作宾语时，若跟有宾语补足语，则常用形式宾语it，例如：
We found it no good making fun of others. 我们发现取笑他人不好。
如下动词及短语只跟动名词作宾语：[enjoy, finish, suggest, avoid（避免）, excuse ,delay, imagine, keep, miss, consider, admit（承认），deny（否认）, mind, permit, forbid, practise, risk（冒险）, appreciate（感激）, be busy, be worth, feel like, can't stand, can't help（情不自禁地）, think of, dream of, be fond of, prevent…(from),keep …from, stop…（from）,protect…from, set about, be engaged in, spend…(in), succeed in, be used to, look forward to, object to, pay attention to, insist on, feel like ]
4）作定语：He can't walk without a walking-stick. 他没有拐杖不能走路。
动名词变化规律
1 动名词作主语、宾语和表语
1）作主语
Fighting broke out between the South and the North.
南方与北方开战了.
2）作宾语
a.动词后加动名词doing作宾语 V.+ doing sth
admit 承认
appreciate 感激,赞赏 avoid 避免
complete 完成 consider 认为
delay 耽误
deny 否认
detest 讨厌
endure 忍受
enjoy 喜欢
escape 逃脱
prevent阻止
fancy 想象
finish 完成
imagine 想象
mind 介意
miss 想念
postpone 推迟
practise 训练 recall 回忆
resent 讨厌
resist 抵抗
resume 继续
risk 冒险
suggest 建议 face 面对
include 包括
stand 忍受
understand 理解
forgive 宽恕
keep 继续
举例：
(1) Would you mind turning down your radio a little,please?
(2) The squirrel was lucky that it just missed being caught.
b.词组后接doing
admit to
prefer…to
be used to
lead to
devote oneself to object to
stick to
be busy
look forward to to为介词）
no good,no use,It's worth…,as well as,
can't help,It's no use /good be tired of
be fond of be capable of be afraid of
be proud of think of / about hold off
put off keep on insist on count on / upon
set about be successful in good at take up
give up burst out prevent … from…
3）作表语
Her job is washing,cleaning and taking care of the children.
动名词用法口诀
动名词常泛指，句法作用宾/表/定与主，
时态/语态之形式，一般/完成/被动式。
Being done 系被动，不含任何进行意。
用作主语请留意，常用it作形式主语，
不指未来发生事，表达的信息系已知。
用作表语请记清，作用相当一名词，
检验方法很简单，主与表换位能成立。
用作定语也易辩，表示名词之用途。
用作宾语稍复杂，关键留意谓语动词
（跟动名词作宾语的常用动词附后），
时态同谓动作比较，先于谓动用完成式，
其逻辑主语不固定，在句中/句外均有之。
否定式其前加not，复合式其前加物主词，
非句首宾格词也可用，尤其口语中更如此。
说明：1、主-----主语2、宾-----宾语 3、表------表语 4、定------定语 5、谓动---谓语动词
