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试试Graphs are a simple and effective way of presenting numerical data. Such visual representations enable users to identify patterns easily, and are a powerful tool in illustrating the relationship between two quantities.
图表是一种简单有效的数值数据呈现方式。这种可视化展示使用户能够轻松识别模式，并且是说明两个数量之间关系的强大工具。
Today, graphs are used almost everywhere, from news articles to television adverts, and we'll demonstrate how some common graph types are plotted. Line graphs have two axes, an x-axis, which goes across the page, and a y-axis, which is vertical.
如今，从新闻文章到电视广告，图表几乎无处不在，我们将演示一些常见的图表类型是如何绘制的。线形图有两个轴，一个是横跨页面的 x 轴，另一个是垂直的 y 轴。
These are your reference lines which carry the scale of the graph, and help you to locate where to plot each piece of data.Scientists like consistency, and it's standard practice to put the thing you're measuring on the y-axis.
这些是你的参考线，它带有图表的比例，可以帮助你找到每个数据的绘制位置。科学家喜欢一致性，把你测量的东西放在 y 轴上是标准的做法。
For example, if you're interested in the amount of rainfall per day for five days, you'd put rainfall on the y-axis, and the number of days on the x-axis, making sure that you include the units that each axis is measured in. You'd plot each piece of data in turn, starting with the day, and then the rainfall.
例如，如果你对五天内每天的降雨量感兴趣，你可以在 y 轴上设置降雨量，并在 x 轴上设置天数，以确保包含了每个轴所测量的单位。你可以依次绘制每个数据，从一天开始，然后是降雨量。
For example, the first point goes at the intersection between day one and 1.5 millimeters of rain, the second, at the intersection between day two and one millimeter of rain, and so on until all the points are in place. And because this is a line graph, consecutive points are then connected with a line.
例如，第一个点位于第一天和一点五毫米降雨量之间的交叉点，第二个点位于第二天和一毫米降雨量之间的交叉点，依此类推，直到所有点都各就其位。因为这是一个线形图，所以连续的点接下来用线连接。
Bar graphs are similar in their structure, also having an x and a y-axis. Bar graphs are most commonly used to plot the frequency of something in specific categories.
柱形图的结构相似，也有 x 和 y 轴。柱形图最常用于绘制特定类别中某些内容的频率。
If we use the same data as the previous example, the day would be the category, plotted on the x-axis, and the rainfall represents frequency, which is plotted on the y-axis. This time, instead of the point of intersection, each day category has a bar or column, with its height reflecting the rainfall experienced on that day.
如果我们使用与前一个示例相同的数据，则日期将是类别，绘制在 x 轴上，降雨量表示频率，绘制在 y 轴上。这一次，不使用交叉点，每天的类别都有一个条或柱，其高度反映了当天的降雨情况。
The final type of graph, commonly presented in newspapers or during news articles on TV, are pie charts. Like bar graphs, these also use categorical information.
经常在报纸上或在电视上的新闻文章中呈现，最后一种类型图表是饼状图。与条形图一样，这些饼状图也使用分类信息。
They begin with a circle which is then divided into sectors, the size of which represents the relative size of each value. Once complete, your graph would look like this.
它们从一个圆圈开始，然后将其划分为多个扇形区，其大小表示每个值的相对大小。完成后，你的图形将会像这样。
To calculate the size of each sector, it's easiest to calculate each category's value as a percentage. However, these graphs are more difficult to plot by hand than the other examples, and are often plotted on a computer which works out this step for you.
要计算每个扇形区的大小，最简单的方法是按百分比计算每个类别的值。然而，这些图形比其他示例更难用手工绘制，并且经常是在计算机上绘制的，计算机可以为你完成此步骤。
The graphs you see in magazines, newspapers, or advertisements take many forms. However, they mostly revolve around the three basic graphs you've seen here.
你在杂志、报纸或广告中看到的图表有多种形式。然而，它们大多围绕着你在这里看到的三个基本图表。
Next time you see a graph, think about which graph type it is. Could the information have been presented better in a different graph type?
下次看到图表时，想想它是哪种图表类型。这些信息是否能在不同的图表类型中得到更好的呈现？
