RxJava2——Observable基本用例



最基本的调用

<code>Observable.create(new ObservableOnSubscribe<string>() {
@Override
public void subscribe(ObservableEmitter<string> emitter) throws Exception {
emitter.onNext("1");
emitter.onNext("2");
emitter.onNext("3");
emitter.onNext("4");
emitter.onNext("5");
emitter.onComplete();

XLog.d("subscribe over");

}
}).subscribe(new Observer<string>() {
@Override
public void onSubscribe(Disposable d) {
XLog.d("onSubscribe ");

}

@Override
public void onNext(String s) {

XLog.d("onNext " + s);
}

@Override
public void onError(Throwable e) {
XLog.d("onError ");

}

@Override
public void onComplete() {
XLog.d("onComplete ");

}
});

/<string>/<string>/<string>/<code>

输出结果:基本按照顺序输出

onSubscribeonNext 1onNext 2onNext 3onNext 4onNext 5onCompletesubscribe over

onComplete/onError放中间

<code>emitter.onNext("1");
emitter.onNext("2");
emitter.onNext("3");
//emitter.onComplete();
emitter.onError(new Exception());
emitter.onNext("4");
emitter.onNext("5");
/<code>

输出结果:当中间有 onCompelete/onError 时,Observable会继续发送,但Obsever不会再接收事件了

onSubscribeonNext 1onNext 2onNext 3//onCompleteonErrorsubscribe over

连续两次调用onComplete

<code> emitter.onNext("1");
emitter.onNext("2");
emitter.onNext("3");
emitter.onComplete();
emitter.onComplete();
emitter.onNext("4");
emitter.onNext("5");
/<code>

输出结果:和单次调用 onComplete一样,如果放中间,Observer将不会再接收事件,且无异常

onSubscribeonNext 1onNext 2onNext 3onCompletesubscribe over

连续两次调用onError

<code> emitter.onNext("1");
emitter.onNext("2");
emitter.onNext("3");
emitter.onError(new Exception());
emitter.onError(new Exception());
emitter.onComplete();
emitter.onNext("4");
emitter.onNext("5");
XLog.d("subscribe over");
/<code>

输出结果:收到onError事件便截止

onSubscribeonNext 1onNext 2onNext 3onError

除此之外,连续 2 次调用 onError(),还报出了一个 UndeliverableException

<code>09-22 12:45:18.181 8830-8830/www.ly.com.rxjavademo W/System.err: io.reactivex.exceptions.UndeliverableException: java.lang.Exception
at io.reactivex.plugins.RxJavaPlugins.onError(RxJavaPlugins.java:367)
at io.reactivex.internal.operators.observable.ObservableCreate$CreateEmitter.onError(ObservableCreate.java:74)
at www.ly.com.rxjavademo.MainActivity$2.subscribe(MainActivity.java:73)
at io.reactivex.internal.operators.observable.ObservableCreate.subscribeActual(ObservableCreate.java:40)
at io.reactivex.Observable.subscribe(Observable.java:12005)
at www.ly.com.rxjavademo.MainActivity.onCreate(MainActivity.java:81)
/<code>

onError 和 onComplete 同时出现

<code> emitter.onNext("1");
emitter.onNext("2");
emitter.onNext("3");
emitter.onComplete();
emitter.onError(new Exception());
emitter.onNext("4");
emitter.onNext("5");
/<code>

输出结果:输出到onComplete截止

onSubscribeonNext 1onNext 2onNext 3onComplete

除此之外,同时也收到了 UndeliverableException 而终止进程

<code>09-22 13:10:32.738 14353-14353/www.ly.com.rxjavademo W/System.err: io.reactivex.exceptions.UndeliverableException: java.lang.Exception
at io.reactivex.plugins.RxJavaPlugins.onError(RxJavaPlugins.java:367)
09-22 13:10:32.739 14353-14353/www.ly.com.rxjavademo W/System.err: at io.reactivex.internal.operators.observable.ObservableCreate$CreateEmitter.onError(ObservableCreate.java:74)
at www.ly.com.rxjavademo.MainActivity$2.subscribe(MainActivity.java:73)
at io.reactivex.internal.operators.observable.ObservableCreate.subscribeActual(ObservableCreate.java:40)
at io.reactivex.Observable.subscribe(Observable.java:12005)
at www.ly.com.rxjavademo.MainActivity.onCreate(MainActivity.java:81)
/<code>

但如果把 onError 放在 onComplete 前面呢?则输出结果为:

onSubscribeonNext 1onNext 2onNext 3onErrorsubscribe over

说明onError 之前不能有 onComplete / onError 事件发生。

指定调度线程

<code>Observable.create(new ObservableOnSubscribe<string>() {
@Override
public void subscribe(ObservableEmitter<string> emitter) throws Exception {
emitter.onNext("1");
emitter.onNext("2");
emitter.onNext("3");
emitter.onNext("4");
emitter.onNext("5");
XLog.d("subscribe over");

}
})
.subscribeOn(Schedulers.newThread())
.observeOn(AndroidSchedulers.mainThread())
.subscribe(new Observer<string>() {
@Override
public void onSubscribe(Disposable d) {
XLog.d("onSubscribe ");

}

@Override
public void onNext(String s) {

XLog.d("onNext " + s);
}

@Override
public void onError(Throwable e) {
XLog.d("onError ");

}

@Override
public void onComplete() {
XLog.d("onComplete ");

}
});
/<string>/<string>/<string>/<code>

输出结果:被观察者在新的线程中执行发送事件,观察者在Android主线程中接收事件

Thread: mainonSubscribeThread: RxNewThreadScheduler-1subscribe overThread: mainonNext 1Thread: mainonNext 2Thread: mainonNext 3Thread: mainonNext 4Thread: mainonNext 5

压力测试

被观察者限制快速发送数据,观察察者每休息 5 秒钟处理一个 onNext 事件

<code>Observable.create(new ObservableOnSubscribe<string>() {
@Override
public void subscribe(ObservableEmitter<string> emitter) throws Exception {
int i = 0;
for (;;) {
emitter.onNext("send " + (i++));
}

}
})
.subscribeOn(Schedulers.io())
.observeOn(AndroidSchedulers.mainThread())
.subscribe(new Observer<string>() {
@Override
public void onSubscribe(Disposable d) {
XLog.d("onSubscribe ");

}

@Override
public void onNext(String s) {

XLog.d("onNext " + s);
try {
Thread.sleep(5000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}

@Override
public void onError(Throwable e) {
XLog.d("onError ");

}

@Override
public void onComplete() {
XLog.d("onComplete ");

}
});
/<string>/<string>/<string>/<code>

输出结果:内存溢出!!!在RxJava2中Observable是不支持背压的

<code>09-22 13:36:52.613 20160-20169/www.ly.com.rxjavademo W/art: Throwing OutOfMemoryError "Failed to allocate a 28 byte allocation with 1864 free bytes and 1864B until OOM; failed due to fragmentation (required continguous free 4096 bytes for a new buffer where largest contiguous free 0 bytes)" (recursive case)

/<code>

<code>09-22 13:36:52.613 20160-20169/www.ly.com.rxjavademo W/art: Throwing OutOfMemoryError "Failed to allocate a 28 byte allocation with 1864 free bytes and 1864B until OOM; failed due to fragmentation (required continguous free 4096 bytes for a new buffer where largest contiguous free 0 bytes)" (recursive case)

/<code>

总结

正常情况下事件会按照预期逐个由被观察者发送给观察者理论上来说,onComplete 和 onError 是互斥的,我们应该控制其只发送一个onComplete / onError 一旦发送,被观察者还会继续发送事件,但观察者将不会再接收到任何事件onComplete 可以发送多次,以收到第一次为结束,且不会有异常onError 只能被发送一次,并且不能在有 onComplete 之后再发送 onError ,否则会报 UndeliverableException被观察者发送事件的速度远远超过观察者处理的速度,最终会造成 OOM。原因是 Observable 不支持背压。