Springboot-HikariCP 實現動態數據源切換

作者丨網絡抖動 原文地址https://www.jianshu.com/p/05a8a1a2b50cgitHub

項目地址：https://github.com/shizhenshuang123/hikaricp-demo

開發環境：

jdk：JDK1.8+gradle：Gradle4.6+Spring：2.1.3.RELEASE+

當數據庫數據達到一定數量的時候，數據庫的響應將會有所緩慢，一般都會採取一些措施。例如，讀寫分離、分表分庫、主從服務、緩存技術等等。這裡採用的是多庫多表。test 庫中 user_info 表：

test2 庫中 user_info 表：

導入依賴

compile group: 'org.springframework.boot', name: 'spring-boot-starter-web', version: '2.1.3.RELEASE'compile group: 'org.springframework.boot', name: 'spring-boot-starter-jdbc', version: '2.1.3.RELEASE'compileOnly group: 'org.projectlombok', name: 'lombok', version: '1.18.6'compile group: 'mysql', name: 'mysql-connector-java', version: '8.0.15'compile group: 'org.mybatis.generator', name: 'mybatis-generator-core', version: '1.3.5'compile group: 'tk.mybatis', name: 'mapper', version: '4.0.2'compile group: 'org.mybatis.spring.boot', name: 'mybatis-spring-boot-starter', version: '2.0.0'

HikariCP 在 spring-boot-starter-jdbc 中已經被引入（Spring 默認數據源）

項目結構

配置文件配置（application.yaml）默認數據源信息

spring:datasource:url: jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/test?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&zeroDateTimeBehavior=CONVERT_TO_NULL&serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai&allowMultiQueries=trueusername: rootpassword: adminsql-script-encoding: UTF-8

讀取配置信息 DataSourceConfig.java，創建默認的數據源

package utry.hikaricp.config;import com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.condition.ConditionalOnMissingBean;import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.EnableTransactionManagement;import utry.hikaricp.DataSourceProvider;import utry.hikaricp.info.DataSourceInfo;import utry.hikaricp.source.MyHikariDataSource;@Configuration@EnableTransactionManagementpublicclassDataSourceConfig{@Value("${spring.datasource.url}")privateString url;@Value("${spring.datasource.username}")privateString userName;@Value("${spring.datasource.password}")privateString password;@Bean@ConditionalOnMissingBean(MyHikariDataSource.class)publicMyHikariDataSource dataSource() {DataSourceInfo info = newDataSourceInfo();info.setUrl(url);info.setUsername(userName);info.setPassword(password);HikariDataSource dataSource = DataSourceProvider.create(info);MyHikariDataSource hikariCPDataSource = newMyHikariDataSource();hikariCPDataSource.updateDataSourceMap("1", dataSource);return hikariCPDataSource;}}

通過 DataSourceProvider 創建 HikariDataSource

package utry.hikaricp;import com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariConfig;import com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource;import utry.hikaricp.info.DataSourceInfo;publicclassDataSourceProvider{publicstaticHikariDataSource create(DataSourceInfo sourceInfo) {HikariConfig hikariConfig = newHikariConfig();hikariConfig.setUsername(sourceInfo.getUsername());hikariConfig.setPassword(sourceInfo.getPassword());hikariConfig.setJdbcUrl(sourceInfo.getUrl());hikariConfig.setDriverClassName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");returnnewHikariDataSource(hikariConfig);}}

最核心的數據源的類 MyHikariDataSource.java

package utry.hikaricp.source;import com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource;import org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.AbstractDataSource;import javax.sql.DataSource;import java.io.Closeable;import java.io.IOException;import java.sql.Connection;import java.sql.SQLException;import java.util.HashMap;import java.util.Map;publicclassMyHikariDataSourceextendsAbstractDataSource{privatestaticMap<string> dataSourceMap = newHashMap<>(1);/<string>@OverridepublicConnection getConnection() throwsSQLException{return dataSourceMap.get("1").getConnection();}@OverridepublicConnection getConnection(String username, String password) throwsSQLException{return dataSourceMap.get("1").getConnection(username, password);}privatevoid destroy(){DataSource dataSource = dataSourceMap.get("1");Closeable closeable = (Closeable) dataSource;if(closeable != null) {try{closeable.close();} catch(IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}}publicvoid updateDataSourceMap(String key, HikariDataSource value) {destroy();dataSourceMap.put(key, value);}}

只要將上面這個類中的 DataSourceMap 集合中的 HikariDataSource 修改就能實現數據源的切換了，調用 updateDataSourceMap() 方法修改即可（修改之前，先關閉之前的數據源，這裡寫死的 map 中 key=1，讀者可以實現動態設置）

實體類 UserInfo.java

package utry.hikaricp.model;publicclassUserInfo{privateInteger id;privateString remarks;publicUserInfo() {}publicUserInfo(Integer id, String remarks) {this.id = id;this.remarks = remarks;}publicInteger getId() {return id;}publicvoid setId(Integer id) {this.id = id;}publicString getRemarks() {return remarks;}publicvoid setRemarks(String remarks) {this.remarks = remarks;}}

HikariCpController.java 兩個接口：

更新數據源查詢用戶信息package utry.hikaricp.controller;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;import utry.hikaricp.factory.HikariCPDataSourceFactory;import utry.hikaricp.mapper.UserInfoMapper;import utry.hikaricp.model.UserInfo;@RestControllerpublicclassHikariCpController{@AutowiredprivateUserInfoMapper mapper;@AutowiredprivateHikariCPDataSourceFactory factory;@RequestMapping("update")publicvoid info(String username, String password, String url) {factory.reload(username, password, url);}@RequestMapping("get")publicUserInfoget() {try{UserInfo userInfo = mapper.selectByPrimaryKey(1);return userInfo;} catch(Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();}returnnull;}}

啟動項目

1、調用 get 接口，返回的數據是 test 庫中的

2、調用 update 請求更新數據源

調用成功之後，可以看到，之前的數據源已經被 shutdown，初始化了一個新的數據源

3、再次調用 get 請求，可以看到獲取的 test2 數據庫中的數據