瓷器是中国古代最重大的发明之一,是中国对人类文明做出的杰出贡献。绞胎瓷则是瓷器中独树一帜的艺术奇葩。
Porcelain is one of the most important inventions in ancient China, which is an outstanding contribution to human civilization. The strangulated body porcelain is a unique art in porcelain.
绞胎瓷是用褐白、黑白或棕白两色瓷泥交替迭摞、互相揉和,再用折迭、盘卷、切刮等方法制成各种绞样,然后拉坯成型或模压成型,胎上就出现两色相间、纹理变化多端、十分美丽的图案,再罩以晶莹玉润的透明釉、绿釉、黄釉,将如花似锦的花纹表现得淋漓尽致,给人一种流动变幻的美感,北方民间俗称透花瓷。由于它工艺复杂,制作难度极高,所以流传下来的绞胎瓷十分稀少名贵。
The twisted body porcelain is made of brown white, black-and-white or brown white porcelain mud alternately stacked and kneaded with each other, then folded, coiled, cut and scraped to make a variety of twisted samples, and then cast or molded. On the tire, there are two colors, varied textures and very beautiful patterns, and then covered with crystal clear glaze, green glaze and yellow glaze, the colorful patterns are displayed incisively and vividly, It gives people a flowing and changeable aesthetic feeling, which is commonly known as transparent flower porcelain in northern China. Because of its complex technology and high difficulty in making, the strangulated body porcelain handed down is very rare and valuable.
绞胎陶瓷亦称“绞泥”、“搅胎瓷”、 “透花瓷”。绞胎是唐代陶瓷业中的一个新工艺，唐代以前尚未出现，靖康之变后失传。所谓绞胎，是将两种或两种以上不同颜色的瓷土揉和在一起，然后相绞拉坯，制作成形，浇一层透明釉，烧制而成。由于泥坯绞揉方式不同，纹理变化亦无穷。能绞出木纹、鸟羽纹、云纹、流水纹，有的如老树缠绕盘根错节，有的如层山叠嶂起伏不定，构思奇巧，变化万千。
Strangled ceramics are also known as "ground mud", "agitated tire porcelain" and "transparent flower porcelain". Strangulation was a new technology in the ceramic industry of the Tang Dynasty. It had not appeared before the Tang Dynasty, but was lost after the Jingkang revolution. The so-called strangulated body is to knead two or more different colors of porcelain clay together, and then twist and pull the blank, making shape, pouring a layer of transparent glaze, firing. Due to the different kneading methods, the texture of the clay body changes infinitely. It can twist wood, bird feather, cloud and flowing water patterns, some of which are entangled by old trees, and some are like mountains and mountains. Their ideas are ingenious and changeable.
绞胎陶瓷每一件产品都有其不同的纹理特色，其纹理结构只有相似，没有相同，它以独特的纹理结构和色彩变化在陶瓷产品中独树一帜，成为诸瓷之中的佼佼者，堪称制瓷精品。
Each product of strangulated ceramic has its own different texture characteristics. Its texture structure is only similar, but not the same. It is unique in ceramic products with its unique texture structure and color change. It has become the leader among all kinds of porcelain and can be called the excellent porcelain making product.
绞胎陶瓷制作技术是当阳峪独特的工艺技术之一,绞胎是陶瓷技术与艺术的完美结合.它将形式美在瓷胎装饰方面推向极至.它利用陶瓷颜色的色彩,通过了作者的精心构思,进行揉合、排列和白泥或其它色泥，继成的纹理或图案，出现的亦真亦幻的艺术感染力，令人赏心悦目。
The technology of making porcelain with gallows is one of the unique techniques in Dangyangyu. It is a perfect combination of ceramic technology and art. It pushes the beauty of form to the extreme in the decoration of porcelain body. It uses the color of ceramic color and passes the author's careful conception, The texture or pattern formed by blending, arranging and white clay or other colored clay can produce artistic appeal that is both real and illusory, which is pleasing to the eyes.
当阳峪的绞胎瓷，最早出现在唐代，那时的绞胎技术尚不成熟，多数绞胎的纹理则以乱纹、回纹为主，在瓷或陶的表面进行绞胎。所施的釉色多以低温黄鼬、绿釉为多见、瓷胎白较差。到了北宋时期，当阳峪的绞胎技术已十分成熟了，绞胎技术有了快速发展，工艺更趋成熟，瓷胎的白度有了很大提高，纹路技术也更加完美，而且表里如一。有席编纹、麦穗纹、羽毛纹、回转纹、木旋纹、流沙纹约十多种纹理的变化。
The earliest appearance of strangulated pottery in Dangyangyu was in the Tang Dynasty. At that time, the technology of strangulation was not mature. The texture of most strangulated bodies was mainly random and palindromic, which were carried out on the surface of porcelain or pottery. Low temperature weasel and green glaze are the most common glaze colors, and the white porcelain body is poor. By the Northern Song Dynasty, Dangyangyu's strangled tire technology had been very mature, the galloping technology had developed rapidly, the craft was more mature, the whiteness of porcelain body had been greatly improved, and the grain technology was more perfect, and the appearance was the same. There are more than ten kinds of texture changes, such as mat weave pattern, wheat ear pattern, feather pattern, rotary pattern, wood spiral pattern and quicksand pattern.
绞胎是指将两种以上不同颜色的瓷土通过各种复杂工艺在瓷胎里直接做出纹饰的瓷器表现手法，传统的绞胎工艺因为不成熟，在烧制过程中容易开裂，因此工匠们不会采用高温烧制绞胎瓷，历史上流传下来的绞胎作品多为陶器。而且因为当时高温颜料技术的落后，烧制过程中颜色容易挥发，所以烧制的作品颜色较为暗淡。当代经过艺术家们的大胆尝试与研究，在焦作当阳峪已经可以做出玉质感很强的瓷器作品。
Strangulated pottery refers to the technique of making decorative patterns directly from porcelain clay with more than two different colors through various complex processes. The traditional process of galloping is not mature and easy to crack in the process of firing. Therefore, craftsmen will not use high-temperature firing of strangled body porcelain. Most of the work of strangled body handed down in history is pottery. And because of the backward high-temperature pigment technology at that time, the color was easy to volatilize during the firing process, so the color of the fired works was relatively dim. Through the bold attempt and research of contemporary artists, we can make porcelain works with strong sense of jade quality in Dangyangyu of Jiaozuo.
孟子有篇“君子本色，表里如一”，表达了对君子本色的尊敬与欣赏。而绞胎陶瓷内外相通、表里如一的特点，正是古时文人雅士“君子情怀”的象征。它的这种特性深受士大夫阶层的喜爱，相传宋代诗人苏轼在首次拜访自己岳父时，送的就是亲自到河南定制的绞胎陶瓷。
Mencius has an article "gentleman's true colors, the appearance is the same", which expresses the respect and appreciation of gentleman's nature. It is the symbol of "gentleman's feelings" of literati in ancient times. It is said that when Su Shi, a poet of the Song Dynasty, visited his father-in-law for the first time, he sent a custom-made galloping pottery to Henan.
精品推荐：创烧于唐代亦称“绞胎陶瓷”；所谓绞胎，是将白、褐两种颜色的瓷土相揉和在一起，相绞拉胚，制作成型。胎上出现白褐相间之纹理，变化无穷，如木纹、鸟羽纹、云纹、流水纹，有的如老树缠绕盘根错节，有的如层山叠嶂起伏不定，构思奇巧，变化万千。盛于唐宋，清康熙之后烧制中断。此鸡首壶直口，细流，鼓腹，盖同为鸡首，壶身上部有一圆提梁，下比例匀称，绞胎纹路深浅分明，自然流畅，如大理石般趣意天成，绞胎釉面为铁黄薄釉，带彩光。在造型上具有典型的唐代风格，端庄大方，此鸡首壶包浆自然，做工精细，器形饱满。包浆厚重，品相保存完整，线条流畅有力，做工精湛，造型典雅大方，有立体的视觉效果，整体生动流畅。绞胎器外观古朴典雅，花纹在制胎中预先形成，不饰雕琢，混然天成。技法独特，只能手工操作，工艺极难掌握，不易控制。制作中对空气温度、湿度要求相当严格，烧制中的温度火候要求极严，一旦成器，花纹表现多种多样，结构表里如一、内外相通、排列有序、栩栩如生、富于变化，千器千面，每一件都是绝品，不可复制。可谓是唐代艺术品中的杰作，极具收藏价值及艺术价值。
Recommended products: Chuang Shao was created in Tang Dynasty, also known as "strangled pottery"; the so-called strangled body is a combination of white and brown porcelain clay, which is twisted and shaped. The white and brown textures on the fetus are endless, such as wood patterns, bird feathers patterns, cloud patterns, and flowing water patterns. Some of them are intertwined with old trees and some are like mountains and mountains. Their ideas are ingenious and changeable. It flourished in the Tang and Song Dynasties and was interrupted after Kangxi in the Qing Dynasty. The head of the gallows is smooth, smooth and smooth, and the upper part of the gallows is smooth and smooth. It has a typical style of Tang Dynasty in modeling. It is dignified and generous. The chicken head pot is naturally coated with milk, fine workmanship and full shape. The coating is thick, the product phase is preserved completely, the lines are smooth and powerful, the workmanship is exquisite, the modeling is elegant and generous, and the three-dimensional visual effect is vivid and smooth as a whole. The appearance of the gallows is simple and elegant, and the patterns are formed in advance in the tire making process without decoration and carving. The technique is unique and can only be operated by hand, which is extremely difficult to master and control. The production of air temperature and humidity requirements are very strict, firing temperature and fire requirements are very strict, once finished, patterns show a variety of forms, the structure is consistent, internal and external communication, orderly, lifelike, rich in change, thousands of pieces, each piece is unique, can not be copied. It can be said that it is a masterpiece of the Tang Dynasty, with great collection value and artistic value.