英語高級語法詞彙講解第五課,高考\4\6級考試全國通用

英語高級語法詞彙講解第五課,高考\4\6級考試全國通用

(內嵌第一到四課內容)

語法第5講

1. consist of由……組成,由……構成(不用於被動語態和進行時態)▲The buffet consists of several different Indian dishes.這頓自助餐由幾種不同的印度菜組成。

【拓展】

consist in(=lie in)在於▲Happiness does not consist in how many possessions you own. 幸福不在於你擁有多少財產。

consist with 與……一致▲Theory should consist with practice. 理論應該聯繫實際。

【鏈接】

由……組成:be composed of (用被動語態

be made up of (用被動語態

consist of (用主動語態

2. would rather寧願

【搭配】

would rather(not)do寧願(不)做▲I’d rather have a quiet night in front of the TV. 我寧願在電視機前安安靜靜地過一個晚上。

would rather do...than do...(=would do...rather than do...)寧願做……而不願做……▲She’d rather ride a bike than ride on a bus. 她寧願騎自行車也不願意擠公交車。

注意:than後可跟名詞、代詞、副詞、介詞短語或不帶to的動詞不定式,than的前後成分處於對等地位,而且形式要一致。would rather後接從句時,從句要用虛擬語氣:從句謂語動詞用一般過去時表示與現在或將來的事實相反;用過去完成時表示與過去的事實相反。

Id rather I were in your position now. 我寧願現在站在你的位置上。

I

d rather you met her at the airport tomorrow. 我寧願你明天到機場接她。

Id rather you had been there yesterday. 我真希望你昨天在那兒。

3. more or less幾乎,差不多;大致,大約,或多或少

▲They’ve settled here more or less permanently. 他們差不多永久定居在這兒了。▲He more or less thanked me for helping him. 他大致感謝我幫了他。

▲I’ve more or less finished the book. 我差不多讀完這本書了。

▲She could earn $200 a day, more or less. 她一天大約能掙200美元。

【鏈接】

no more than (=only)僅僅,只不過

not more than 不多於,不超過

once more(=once again) 再一次

never more(=

no more)不再

the more...the more... 越……越……

more than 超過,多於;非常;不僅僅是

4. walk off a meal用散步來消化一頓飯▲The doctor suggested that he should walk off a meal. 醫生建議他應該用散步來消化一頓飯。

【鏈接】

walk off (尤指粗魯或憤怒地)離開(某人)▲Don’t just walk off when I’m talking to you! 我跟你說話時你不要轉身就走!

walk sb. off (=walk off sth.)用散步來消除(病痛或不快)▲Let’s go out—maybe I can walk this headache off.我們出去吧——也許我走走頭就不痛了。

英語高級語法詞彙講解第五課,高考\4\6級考試全國通用

5. tasty ADJ:美味可口的▲The dish is very tasty.這道菜很可口。

【拓展】

taste N&V:

(1) N: 味道,滋味;鑑賞力,品味;少量,一小口▲She has a good taste in classical music.她對古典音樂有良好的鑑賞力。▲Have a taste of this soup and see if it needs more salt.嘗一嘗這湯,看看是否還需要加鹽。

(2) V: 嚐起來有……味道;嘗,品嚐;體驗到……的滋味▲The meal you cooked tastes delicious.你做的飯嚐起來很美味。(這裡的taste是系動詞)▲You’d better taste the soup to see if I put enough salt in it.你最好嘗一下那湯,看看我是否放夠了鹽。

【鏈接】

have a taste of 品嚐

meet / suit the taste of 符合……的口味

have / develop a taste for 愛好

to one’s taste 合某人的口味

6. relaxing ADJ: 使人放鬆的,使人懶洋洋的▲I find stamp-collecting relaxing and it takes my mind off my work. 我覺得集郵使人放鬆,它使我的注意力從工作中轉移出來。▲We spent a relaxing afternoon in the garden. 我們在花園裡懶洋洋地度過了一個下午。

注意:relaxing多用於指“(事物)使人放鬆的”;relaxed多用於指“(人)感到放鬆的”。Gail was lying in the sun looking very relaxed and happy. 蓋爾躺在陽光下,看上去十分輕鬆愉快。

7. there is a need for sb. to do sth. 是固定句型,意為“某人需要做某事”,其否定形式是:there is no need for sb. to do sth.▲There is an urgent need for the government to take measures.政府急需採取措施。▲There is no need for you to come so early. 你不需要來這麼早。

【鏈接】

There is no doubt that... 毫無疑問……

There is no point / sense in doing sth. 做某事無意義。

There is no possibility that... 沒有可能……

(It is) no wonder that... 難怪……,……不足為奇

▲There is no doubt that radio and television are important means of communication.毫無疑問,收音機和電視機是交流的重要方式。(means是單複數同型)▲There is no possibility that we will finish the project ahead of time. 我們提前完成工程是沒有可能的。

8. mark V: 標誌(著);做標記於▲The great event marked the victory of the anti-Japanese war. 這一偉大事件標誌著抗日戰爭的勝利。▲Mark the place on the map. 在地圖上標出那個地方。

【拓展】

mark...down 記下

mark out 畫線標出;選定

mark...with... 用……給……做記號

mark...on... 在……上做……記號

be marked with 標註/記上,標有

a mark of ……的記號/標號

9. trade N&V

(1) UN: 貿易;買賣;交易▲There has been a marked increase in trade between East and West. 東西方貿易已經有了明顯的增長。

(2) V: 做買賣;進行交易▲(trade in 做……生意)The company trades in silk, tea and other items. 該公司從事絲綢、茶葉和其他貨品的貿易。▲(trade with 與……做生意)▲(trade...for... 用……交換……)

【一言辨異】

We are trading with the company in computers. 我們正在與這家公司做電腦生意。

10. transport V&N

(1) V: 運送,運輸(貨物、人) (

transport sb. / sth. to 把某人/某物運送到)▲The statue was transported to London. 雕像被運到了倫敦。

(2) UN: 運輸,運送;交通工具,運輸途徑▲Canals were used for the transport of goods. 運河被用來運輸貨物。▲Improved railway transport is essential for business. 改進的鐵路運輸對商業發展極其重要。

注意:transport用作名詞和動詞時重音位置不同:作名詞時,重音在前;作動詞時,重音在後。類似的詞還有record, import, export等。transport意為“交通”時,指交通工具;而traffic意為“交通”時,指行人和車輛,側重於數量,所以表達“交通擁擠”時,我們可以說:The traffic is crowded.

11. naturally ADV:自然地▲Naturally, as a beginner I’m not a good driver yet. 我初學開車,當然開不好了。▲Naturally, she wanted her child to grow up fit and strong. 自然地,她希望自己的孩子健康茁壯地成長。

注意:naturally常用於做插入語。插入語是一種獨立成分,通常與句中其他成分沒有語法上的關係。其實,插入語大都是對一句話進行附加說明或解釋,通常是一個詞、一個短語或一個句子,常置於句首、句中或句末,一般用逗號或破折號與句子隔開。常用作插入語的副詞或副詞短語還有:indeed(的確),surely(無疑),frankly(坦率地說),obviously(顯然),luckily / happily for sb.(算某人幸運),fortunately(幸好),strangely(奇怪地),briefly(簡短地),hopefully(有希望地),thankfully(欣慰地),normally(通常)等。

12. abolish VT: 廢除;廢止;革除(法律、制度、習俗等)▲These superstitious practices should be abolished as soon as possible.這些迷信做法應儘早廢除。

【辨析】

易混詞

辨析

例句

abolish

“廢除”法律、制度、習俗等

This tax should be abolished. 這種稅應該取消。

cancel

“取消”計劃、會議等

I’m afraid I’ll have to cancel our meeting tomorrow.恐怕我得取消我們明天的會議。

13. take over承襲;接管;接手;接任▲His only reason for investing in the company was to take it over. 他投資這家公司的唯一原因是想接管它。

【鏈接】

hand over 移交,讓給

turn over 移交,轉交;翻轉

knock over 撞翻

look over 仔細看,仔細檢查

think over 深思熟慮

get over 克服;(從病中)恢復過來

go over 複習,仔細地再讀一遍

over and over 再三,一遍又一遍

gain / have an advantage over 勝過,優於

watch over 監視,看守;照顧,照應

注意:“動詞+over”類短語是一類重要短語,平時應多積累,多總結。

英語高級語法詞彙講解第五課,高考\4\6級考試全國通用


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