1. 澳科學家赴瑞士安樂死

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看到則澳104歲科學家赴瑞士的新聞，不禁好奇，安樂死還要去國外？說實話，以前心卻是聽說過安樂死這麼一個詞，emmm……好像就是很舒服的死吧，套用安樂公劉小禪的話應該會是“此法好，不痛苦”要是再加句“你值得擁有”是不是妥妥的廣告味？

話說阿斗那句“此間樂不思蜀”還真是說的挺像廣告語，難道當時咱阿斗是在給孫皓“案例”這波俘虜的待遇嗎？

哈哈，腦洞開的有點大了。好了，言歸正傳，讓咱們來說說這神奇的安樂死吧。

安樂死的官方解釋是這樣的

中國的定義指患不治之症的病人在垂危狀態下，由於精神和軀體的極端痛苦，在病人和其親友的要求下，經醫生認可，用人道方法使病人在無痛苦狀態中結束生命過程。

簡而言之，就是讓人死的很安詳吧，當然具體感受只有用戶自己知道了。

2. 關於安樂死的爭論

至於這位科學家為什麼要去瑞士尋求醫助安樂死，當然不是說只有瑞士的安樂死最安樂啦。其實是因為，醫助安樂死目前在全球大部分國家仍不合法，所以才會有老人遠赴瑞士的行為。

其實關於安樂死的爭論由來已久，一直就有贊同和反對兩種觀點，接下來咱們一起來看兩篇文章吧。

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"We mustn't delay any longer … swallowing is difficult … and breathing, that's also difficult. Those muscles are weakening too … we mustn't delay any longer."

"我們再也不能耽誤了，……我難以嚥下食物……呼吸也有困難……，渾身疲乏無力，……不要再拖了。"

These were the words of Dutchman Cees van Wendel de Joode asking his doctor to help him die. Affected with a serious disease, van Wendel was no longer able to speak clearly and he knew there was no hope of recovery and that his condition was rapidly deteriorating.

荷蘭人齊斯·範·溫德爾臨死前請求醫生幫助他一死了之時說了這番話。他因身患重病，說話已經不很清楚，他知道自己毫無康復的希望了，而且病情正在迅速惡化。

Van Wendel's last three months of life before being given a final, lethal injection by his doctor were filmed and first shown on television last year in the Netherlands. The program has since been bought by 20 countries and each time it is shown, it starts a nationwide debate on the subject.

在接受醫生注射那致命的最後一針之前，範·溫德康最後三個月的生活被拍成了電影，去年在荷蘭的電視臺首次播出。此後，有20個國家先後購買了這個電視節目，每在一國放映，都會在全國內引起一場對安樂死的議論。

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The Netherlands is the only country in Europe which permits euthanasia, although it is not technically legal there. However, doctors who carry out euthanasia under strict guidelines introduced by the Dutch Parliament two years ago are usually not prosecuted. The guidelines demand that the patient is experiencing extreme suffering, that there is no chance of a cure, and that the patient has made repeated requests for euthanasia. In addition to this, a second doctor must confirm that these criteria have been met and the death must be reported to the police department.

荷蘭是歐洲唯一的允許安樂死的國家。儘管安樂死在技術上還不具有合法性，但如果醫生按照兩年前荷蘭議會制定的議案的嚴格指導原則實施用安樂死，但如果醫生按照兩年前荷蘭議會制定的議案的嚴格指導原則實施用安樂死，通常是不會受到法律的追究的。這些指導原則規定，當病人極度痛苦，沒有治癒的可能，而且一再要求的情況下才能實施安樂死。另外，還必須有第二位醫生證實已經符合上述條件，並且要向警察機關報告病人的死亡。

Should doctors be allowed to take the lives of others? Dr.Wilfred van Oijen, Cees van Wendel's doctor, explains how he looks at the question:

能允許醫生結束他人的生命嗎？齊斯·範·溫德爾的私人醫生威爾弗雷德·馮·奧依金解釋了他對這個問題的看法：

"Well, it's not as if I'm planning to murder a crowd of people with a machine gun. In that case, killing is the worst thing I can imagine. But that's entirely different from my work as a doctor. I care for people and I try to ensure that they don't suffer too much. That's a very different thing."

"哦，這種情況和我計劃用機關槍殺死一大群人完全不一樣。若是那樣，殺人是我所能想象的最可怕的事。但我作為醫生實施安樂死和用槍殺人是絕對不同的。我是關心人，我要儘量保證他們不受更多痛苦。這和那種情況完全是兩碼事。"

Many people, though, are totally against the practice of euthanasia. Dr. Andrew Ferguson, Chairman of the organization Healthcare Opposed to Euthanasia, says that "in the vast majority of euthanasia cases, what the patient is actually asking for is something else. They may want a health professional to open up communication for them with their loved ones or family - there's nearly always another question behind the question."

然而，仍然有很多人堅決反對使用安樂死。"反安樂死健康醫療"組織的主席安德魯·福格森說："在使用安樂死的大多數病例中，患者實際上需要的是其它的東西。他們可能需要在健康專家的指導下，與所愛的人或家人進行交流。"

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Britain also has a strong tradition of hospices - special hospitals which care only for the dying and their special needs. Cicely Saunders, President of the National Hospice Council and a founder member of the hospice movement, argues that euthanasia doesn't take into account that there are ways of caring for the dying. She is also concerned that allowing euthanasia would undermine the need for care and consideration of a wide range of people: "It's very easy in society now for the elderly, the disabled and the dependent to feel that they are burdens, and therefore that they ought to opt out. I think that anything that legally allows the shortening of life does make those people more vulnerable."

Many find this prohibition of an individual's right to die paternalistic. Although they agree that life is important and should be respected, they feel that the quality of life should not be ignored. Dr. Van Oijen believes that people have the fundamental right to choose for themselves if they want to die: "What those people who oppose euthanasia are telling me is that dying people haven't the right. And that when people are very ill, we are all afraid of their death. But there are situations where death is a friend. And in those cases, why not?"

很多人發現禁止一個人選擇死亡的權利是沒有道理的。儘管他們也認為生命很重要，並且應當尊重生命，但是生活的質量也不容忽視。範·奧依金醫生認為如果人們想死，他們應當有選擇死亡的權利："那些反對使用安樂死的人們是在告訴我們要死亡的人沒有這種權利。當他們病重時，我們害怕他們會死去。但是有的情況下死亡是人們的朋友。在那種情況下，為什麼不使用安樂死呢？"

But "why not?" is a question which might cause strong emotion. The film showing Cees van Wendel's death was both moving and sensitive. His doctor was clearly a family friend; his wife had only her husband's interests at heart. Some, however, would argue that it would be dangerous to use this particular example to support the case for euthanasia. Not all patients would receive such a high level of individual care and attention.

但"為什麼不呢？"是一個會引起強烈的情感的問題。那部反映齊斯·範·溫德爾死亡情景的電影既感人又發人深醒。很顯然，這位醫生是他們一家人的朋友；溫德爾的妻子也是一心為丈夫好。然而，有些人爭論說用這種特殊事例來支持安樂死是危險的。再說，不是所有的病人都會受到如此周到的個別護理和關注。

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2）反方辯友觀點

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As the development of human society, people emphasis much on their rights, they believe that everyone has the right to choose what they want if it is not against the law. The issue of euthanasia has been a hot topic these years, some agree it in that people have the right to end their suffering, others disagree because they think life is precious, no one can take away one’s life. Now the debate is still going on.

隨著人類社會的發展，人們十分注重自己的權利，認為每個人都有權利選擇自己想要的，如果不違法的話。安樂死的問題在這些年成為了熱門話題，一些人贊同，因為人們有權利結束痛苦，一些人不贊同，因為他們覺得生命是很寶貴的，沒有人能結束別人的生命。現在爭議仍在繼續。

On the one hand, euthanasia is admitted by some people, they think the patients have the right to end their agony. The patients who are diagnosed with cancer and there is no way for them to cure, they can choose to end their life peacefully.

一方面，安樂死得到了一些人的承認，他們覺得病人有權利結束痛苦。那些被診斷有癌症並且不能治癒的病人，他們可以選擇平靜地結束自己的生命。

On the other hand, euthanasia is believed to kill someone legally, such behavior should be stopped. What’s more, patients should not be hopeless, they should struggle for the last minute, there is always miracle, if they choose mercy killing, the only chance is deprived.

另一方面，安樂死被認為是合法殺人，這樣的行為應該要制止。而且，病人不應該絕望，他們不應該放棄掙扎，奇蹟總會發生，如果他們選擇安樂死，唯一的機會都被奪走了。

On my opinion, euthanasia is brutal, people should fight for the hope, never give up life. The patients struggle with agony, they have family, their support makes one stronger, what’s more, even the animal fight for life, not to say our human being.

在我看來，安樂死是很殘忍的，人們應該為希望而奮鬥，永遠不要放棄生命。病人掙扎於痛苦，他們有家人，家人的支持讓他們變得更堅強，而且，即使動物也為生命掙扎，更何況人呢？

後記

好了，今天的知識分享到這裡，說實話，小夥伴兒們對安樂死有怎樣的看法呢，不如在評論去交流一下。別忘了關注一凡，學習更多有趣實用的英語知識！

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