現在分詞和動名詞的形式相同，又都可以作定語和表語。怎麼辨別它們呢?
1.現在分詞和動名詞作定語時，主要從它們的意義、重讀和位置三方面來區別。
①現在分詞作定語時，表示它所修飾的名詞正在進行的動作，二者在邏輯上有主謂關係，因而可擴展為定語從句，讀時都要重讀。
a crying baby=a baby who is crying
the boiling water=the water that is boiling
②動名詞作定語時，表示它所修飾名詞的用途、所屬關係等，二者不存在邏輯上的主謂關係，因而不能擴展為定語從句，只能擴展為一個表示用途的介詞短語，讀時只重讀動名詞。
a bathing suit=a suit for bathing一件游泳衣
drinking water= water for drinking飲用水
③現在分詞作定語時可以後置，而動名詞只能放在所修飾的名詞前面。
On the day following=(On the following day) He left for New York.(現在分詞)
Do you have any listening materials?(動名詞
2.現在分詞和動名詞作表語的辨別方法：
①提問法
能用how對錶語提問的是現在分詞；能用what提問的是動名詞。
My job is interesting.(How is your job? )
My job is teaching.(What is your job?)
②位置對調法
將表語和主語位置對調，句子仍然成立，且意思通順的為動名詞；否則為現在分詞。
My job is interesting.→Interesting is my job.(不成立)
My job is teaching.→Teaching is my job.(成立)
③成分添加法
表語後能帶賓語和狀語的是動名詞；表語前面能加上副詞(very，quite，so等)或more，most加以修飾的則是現在分詞。
My job is more interesting than yours.(現在分詞)
My job is teaching you English.(動名詞)
④系動詞取代法
選用別的系動詞(例如:getbecome,feel,sound,look,seem等)取代be，句子依然成立的是現在分詞；不能用別的系動詞取代，只能用be的是動名詞。例如:
Seeing is believing.(動名詞)
The story is interesting.→
The story sounds interesting.(現在分詞)
My job seems interesting.(成立→現在分詞)
My job seems teaching you English.
(不成立→動名詞)
Exercise:
1.請判斷下列各題是現在分詞作定語還是動名詞作定語?
①a smiling face一張笑臉
②the working people勞動人民
③reading materials閱讀材料
④a walking stick一根手杖
⑤the developing countries發展中國家
⑥the changing world變化著的世界
2.請判斷下列各題是現在分詞作表語還是動名詞作表語?
①The film is very moving.
②Her job was washing, cleaning and taking care of the children.
③The situation is encouraging.
④His duty is raising pigs.
⑤lt's worrying to think that there is a dangerous animal in quite countryside.
Key: 1.①現在分詞 ②現在分詞 ③動名詞
④動名詞 ⑤現在分詞
2. ①分詞作表語 ②動名詞作表語 ③分詞作表語④動名詞作表語 ⑤分詞作表語
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