“被動”語態用法全攻略
被動語態的使用情況
（1）當不知道或沒有必要指出動作的執行者時，這時往往不用by 短語。如：
“Mr. White, the cup was broken after class. ”
懷特先生，這隻茶杯是下課後被打碎的。
（2）突出或強調動作的承受者，如果需要說出動作的執行者，用by 短語。如：
These records were made by John Denver.
這些報道是被約翰·丹佛做的。
- 被動語態中謂語動詞的基本構成
be + done
被動語態的構成
（1）一般現在時：am / is / are + done。如：
①People grow rice in the south of the country.
→Rice is grown in the south of the country.
稻米在這個國家的南部被種植。
②The school doesn’t allow us to enter the chemistry lab without a teacher.
→We are not allowed to enter the chemistry lab without a teacher.
我們不被允許在沒有老師的情況下進入化學實驗室。
（2）一般過去時：was / were + done。如：
①They agreed on the building of a new car factory last month.
→The building of a new car factory was agreed on last month.
建立一個新的汽車工廠在上個月被一致同意。
②The students didn’t forget their lessons easily.
→Their lessons were not easily forgotten.
他們的功課沒有被輕易遺忘。
（3）一般將來時：will + be done。如：
①They will send cars abroad by sea.
→Cars will be sent abroad by sea.
汽車通過海路被送到國外。
②She will take care of theses children.
→These children will be taken care of by her.
那些孩子將由她照顧。
（4）現在完成時：have / has + been + done。如：
①Someone has told me the sports meeting might be put off.
→I have been told the sports meeting might be put off.
我已經被告訴會議可能會被延遲。
②He has brought his book here.
→His book has been brought here.
他的書被帶到了這裡。
（5）含有情態動詞的被動語態：情態動詞+ be+ done。如：
①You must hand in your compositions after class.
→Your compositions must be handed in after class.
你的作文必須在下課之後被上交。
②He can write a great many letters with the computer.
→A great many letters can be written with the computer by him.
很多信能夠被他用計算機寫。
練一練
1. More chances to learn from each other ______ for students by working in groups.
A. provide B. will provide
C. was provided D. are provided
【點撥】第①步：分析句意。通過小組合作，將會為學生們______更多互相學習的機會。第②步：分析選項。provide一般現在時；will provide一般將來時；was provided一般過去時的被動語態；are provided一般現在時的被動語態。第③步：分析句子結構。謂語動詞“provide”與主語“More chances”之間為動賓關係，應用被動語態。主語為“More chances”，謂語動詞用複數形式。故選D。
2. Many people ______ that there would be a snowstorm next week.
A. tells B. told C.were told D. is told
【點撥】第①步：分析句意。很多人______下週將有一場暴風雪。第②步：分析選項。tells一般現在時；told一般過去時；were told一般過去時的被動語態；is told一般現在時的被動語態。第③步：分析句子結構。謂語動詞“tell”與主語“Many people”之間為動賓關係，且賓語從句時態為過去將來時，所以用一般過去時的被動語態。故選C。
3. Food safety is very important. So some rules______to stop people from polluting food.
A. should make B. should be made
C.was made D. has been made
【點撥】第①步：分析句意。食品安全非常重要。所以一些措施______來阻止人們汙染食物。第②步：分析選項。should make一般現在時；should be made含有情態動詞的被動語態；was made一般過去時的被動語態；has been made現在完成時的被動語態。第③步：分析句子結構。謂語動詞“make”與主語“rules”之間為動賓關係，應用被動語態。根據句意可知，此處是指“規則應該被制定”，應用情態動詞“should”。故選B。
4. I plan to build an unusual house. It ______ out of waste materials.
A. is built B. has built
C.will be built D. builds
【點撥】第①步：分析句意。我計劃建造一個不同尋常的房子。它______由廢棄材料製成。第②步：分析選項。is built一般現在時的被動語態；has built現在完成時；will be built一般將來時的被動語態；builds一般現在時。第③步：分析句子結構。謂語動詞“build”與主語“It”之間存在動賓關係，應用被動語態。根據句意可知此處表示還未發生的事情，應用一般將來時。故選C。
5. In order to make our hometown more beautiful, lots of trees______in the past three years.
A. are planted B. were planted
C. have been planted D. will be planted
【點撥】第①步：分析句意。為了使我們的家鄉更漂亮，很多樹______在過去的三年裡。第②步：分析選項。are planted一般現在時的被動語態；were planted一般過去時的被動語態；have been planted現在完成時的被動語態；will be planted一般將來時的被動語態。第③步：分析句子結構。謂語動詞“plant”與主語“trees”之間存在動賓關係，應用被動語態。根據時間狀語“in the past three years”可知應用現在完成時。故選C。
6. Hurry up! Once the concert starts, nobody ______(allow) to enter the concert hall.
【點撥】第①步：觀察語境，找到關鍵詞“Hurry up！”可首先判斷出本題的時態是一般現在時；第②步：分析語境“nobody”與“allow”之間為動賓關係，應用被動語態。故填is allowed。
7. The speech competition______(regard) as a success. Many students joined it and they expressed their ideas as well.
【點撥】第①步：觀察語境，找到關鍵詞“joined”，“expressed”可首先判斷出本題的時態是一般過去時；第②步：分析語境“competition”與“regard”之間為動賓關係，應用被動語態。故填was regarded。
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