spend的主語必須是人， 常用於以下結構：
(1) spend time ／money on sth. 在……上花費時間（金錢）。
例：I spent two hours on this distance problem.
(2) spend time ／ money (in) doing sth. 花費時間（金錢）做某事。
例：They spent three years (in) getting into university.
(3)spend money for sth. 花錢買……。
例：His money was spent for car.
cost的主語是物或某種活動， 還可以表示“值”， 常見用法如下：
(1)sth. costs (sb.) ＋金錢,某物花了（某人）多少錢。
例：A refrigerator costs a lot of money.
(2) (doing) sth. costs (sb.) ＋時間,某物（做某事）花了（某人）多少時間。
例：Remembering these new words cost him a lot of time.
注意：
cost的過去式及過去分詞都是cost,並且不能用於被動句。
take後面常跟雙賓語， 常見用法有以下幾種：
(1) It takes sb. ＋時間＋to do sth. 做某事花了某人多少時間。
例：It took them three years to get into university.
(2)doing sth. takes sb. ＋時間,做某事花了某人多少時間。
例：Repairing this car took him the whole afternoon.
pay的基本用法是：
(1) pay (sb.) money for sth. 付錢（給某人）買……。
例：I have to pay them 20 pounds for this room each month.
(2)pay for sth. 付……的錢。
例：I have to pay for the book lost.
(3)pay for sb. 替某人付錢。
例：Don't worry!I'll pay for you.
(4)pay sb. 付錢給某人。
例: They pay us every month.他們每月給我們報酬。
（5）pay money back 還錢。
例：May I borrow 12 yuan from you? I'll pay it back next week.
（6）pay off one's money還清錢。
例：I have paid off your money.
spend/cost/pay/take
(1)spend的主語通常是人，往往用於以下句型：
（sb）spend some money/some time on sth.
(sb)spend some money/some time(in)doing sth.
例如： I spent fifty yuan on the coat.
= I spent fifty yuan (in) buying the coat. 我花50元買了這件大衣。
He spent three days on the work.
= He spend three days (in) doing the work. 我幹這項工作用了3天。
(2)take常用於“佔用、花費”時間，其主語通常為形式主語“it”或物。句式是：
It takes/took sb.some time to do sth＝Sth.takes sb.some time.
例如： It took me three years to draw the beautiful horses.
畫這些漂亮的馬花費了我3年時間。
The work will take me two days.這項工作花了2天時間。
(3) pay為“付款、賠償”之意，主語通常是人，往往是sb. pays some money for sth或pay sb.(some money for sth)
例如： I paid fifty yuan for the coat.我花50元買了這件大衣。
He has paid the doctor 50 pounds for the medicine? 他買藥已付醫生50英鎊。
How much did you pay him? 你付他多少錢？
(4) cost的主語必須是某物。spend … on sth．/in doing sth．的主語必須是人。pay … for 的主語也是人。It takes + sb．+ 時間（或錢）to do sth．的主語則必須是形式主語It。 動詞cost的常用用法是sth.cost (sb.) some money。
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