阿里的Bug智能定位神器!直接定位线上Bug,超给力超牛掰!收藏!

阿里的Bug智能定位神器!直接定位线上Bug,超给力超牛掰!收藏!

  • 定位过程
    • 分析代码
    • 分析调用流程
  • Arthas分析问题
    • watch方法执行数据观测
    • 为什么连续请求不会出现问题
    • 为什么本地不会复现
    • 如何解决
    • 升级spring boot版本

    阿里的Bug智能定位神器!直接定位线上Bug,超给力超牛掰!收藏!

    公司有个渠道系统,专门对接三方渠道使用,没有什么业务逻辑,主要是转换报文和参数校验之类的工作,起着一个承上启下的作用。

    最近在优化接口的响应时间,优化了代码之后,但是时间还是达不到要求;有一个诡异的100ms左右的耗时问题,在接口中打印了请求处理时间后,和调用方的响应时间还有差了100ms左右。比如程序里记录150ms,但是调用方等待时间却为250ms左右。

    下面记录下当时详细的定位&解决流程(其实解决很简单,关键在于怎么定位并找到解决问题的方法)

    定位过程

    分析代码

    渠道系统是一个常见的spring-boot web工程,使用了集成的tomcat。分析了代码之后,发现并没有特殊的地方,没有特殊的过滤器或者拦截器,所以初步排除是业务代码问题

    分析调用流程

    出现这个问题之后,首先确认了下接口的调用流程。由于是内部测试,所以调用流程较少。

    Nginx -反向代理-> 渠道系统

    公司是云服务器,网络走的也是云的内网。由于不明确问题的原因,所以用排除法,首先确认服务器网络是否有问题。

    先确认发送端到Nginx Host是否有问题:

    <code>[jboss@VM_0_139_centos ~]$ ping 10.0.0.139
    PING 10.0.0.139 (10.0.0.139) 56(84) bytes of data.
    64 bytes from 10.0.0.139: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.029 ms
    64 bytes from 10.0.0.139: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.041 ms
    64 bytes from 10.0.0.139: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.040 ms
    64 bytes from 10.0.0.139: icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 time=0.040 ms/<code>

    从ping结果上看,发送端到Nginx主机的延迟是无问题的,接下来查看Nginx到渠道系统的网络。

    <code># 由于日志是没问题的,这里直接复制上面日志了
    [jboss@VM_0_139_centos ~]$ ping 10.0.0.139
    PING 10.0.0.139 (10.0.0.139) 56(84) bytes of data.
    64 bytes from 10.0.0.139: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.029 ms
    64 bytes from 10.0.0.139: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.041 ms
    64 bytes from 10.0.0.139: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.040 ms
    64 bytes from 10.0.0.139: icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 time=0.040 ms/<code>

    从ping结果上看,Nginx到渠道系统服务器网络延迟也是没问题的

    既然网络看似没问题,那么可以继续排除法,砍掉Nginx,客户端直接再渠道系统的服务器上,通过回环地址(localhost)直连,避免经过网卡/dns,缩小问题范围看看能否复现(这个应用和地址是我后期模拟的,测试的是一个空接口):

    <code>[jboss@VM_10_91_centos tmp]$ curl -w "@curl-time.txt" http://127.0.0.1:7744/send
    success
    http: 200
    dns: 0.001s
    redirect: 0.000s
    time_connect: 0.001s
    time_appconnect: 0.000s
    time_pretransfer: 0.001s
    time_starttransfer: 0.073s
    size_download: 7bytes
    speed_download: 95.000B/s
    ----------
    time_total: 0.073s 请求总耗时/<code>

    从curl日志上看,通过回环地址调用一个空接口耗时也有73ms。这就奇怪了,跳过了中间所有调用节点(包括过滤器&拦截器之类),直接请求应用一个空接口,都有73ms的耗时,再请求一次看看:

    <code>[jboss@VM_10_91_centos tmp]$ curl -w "@curl-time.txt" http://127.0.0.1:7744/send
    success
    http: 200
    dns: 0.001s
    redirect: 0.000s
    time_connect: 0.001s
    time_appconnect: 0.000s
    time_pretransfer: 0.001s
    time_starttransfer: 0.003s
    size_download: 7bytes
    speed_download: 2611.000B/s
    ----------
    time_total: 0.003s/<code>

    更奇怪的是,第二次请求耗时就正常了,变成了3ms。经查阅资料,linux curl是默认开启http keep-alive的(Keep-Alive的介绍可以参考我的另一篇文章)。就算不开启keep-alive,每次重新handshake,也不至于需要70ms。

    经过不断分析测试发现,连续请求的话时间就会很短,每次请求只需要几毫秒,但是如果隔一段时间再请求,就会花费70ms以上。

    从这个现象猜想,可能是某些缓存机制导致的,连续请求因为有缓存,所以速度快,时间长缓存失效后导致时间长。

    那么这个问题点到底在哪一层呢?tomcat层还是spring-webmvc呢?

    光猜想定位不了问题,还是得实际测试一下,把渠道系统的代码放到本地ide里启动测试能否复现

    但是导入本地Ide后,在Ide中启动后并不能复现问题,并没有70+ms的延迟问题。这下头疼了,本地无法复现,不能Debug,由于问题点不在业务代码,也不能通过加日志的方式来Debug

    这时候可以祭出神器Arthas了

    Arthas分析问题

    Arthas 是Alibaba开源的Java诊断工具,深受开发者喜爱。当你遇到以下类似问题而束手无策时,Arthas可以帮助你解决:

    • 这个类从哪个 jar 包加载的?
    • 为什么会报各种类相关的 Exception?
    • 我改的代码为什么没有执行到?
    • 难道是我没 commit?分支搞错了?
    • 遇到问题无法在线上 debug,难道只能通过加日志再重新发布吗?
    • 线上遇到某个用户的数据处理有问题,但线上同样无法 debug,线下无法重现!
    • 是否有一个全局视角来查看系统的运行状况?
    • 有什么办法可以监控到JVM的实时运行状态?

    上面是Arthas的官方简介,这次我只需要用他的一个小功能trace。动态计算方法调用路径和时间,这样我就可以定位时间在哪个地方被消耗了。

    trace 方法内部调用路径,并输出方法路径上的每个节点上耗时 trace 命令能主动搜索 class-pattern/method-pattern 对应的方法调用路径,渲染和统计整个调用链路上的所有性能开销和追踪调用链路。

    有了神器,那么该追踪什么方法呢?由于我对Tomcat源码不是很熟,所以只能从spring mvc下手,先来trace一下spring mvc的入口:

    <code>[arthas@24851]$ trace org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet *
    Press Q or Ctrl+C to abort.
    Affect(class-cnt:1 , method-cnt:44) cost in 508 ms.
    `---ts=2019-09-1421:07:44;thread_name=http-nio-7744-exec-2;id=11;is_daemon=true;priority=5;TCCL=org.springframework.boot.web.embedded.tomcat.TomcatEmbeddedWebappClassLoader@7c136917
    `---[2.952142ms] org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet:buildLocaleContext()

    `---ts=2019-09-1421:07:44;thread_name=http-nio-7744-exec-2;id=11;is_daemon=true;priority=5;TCCL=org.springframework.boot.web.embedded.tomcat.TomcatEmbeddedWebappClassLoader@7c136917
    `---[18.08903ms] org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet:doService()

    +---[0.041346ms] org.apache.commons.logging.Log:isDebugEnabled() #889
    +---[0.022398ms] org.springframework.web.util.WebUtils:isIncludeRequest() #898
    +---[0.014904ms] org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet:getWebApplicationContext() #910
    +---[1.071879ms] javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest:setAttribute() #910
    +---[0.020977ms] javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest:setAttribute() #911
    +---[0.017073ms] javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest:setAttribute() #912
    +---[0.218277ms] org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet:getThemeSource() #913
    | `---[0.137568ms] org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet:getThemeSource()
    | `---[min=0.00783ms,max=0.014251ms,total=0.022081ms,count=2] org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet:getWebApplicationContext() #782
    +---[0.019363ms] javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest:setAttribute() #913
    +---[0.070694ms] org.springframework.web.servlet.FlashMapManager:retrieveAndUpdate() #916
    +---[0.01839ms] org.springframework.web.servlet.FlashMap:<init>() #920
    +---[0.016943ms] javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest:setAttribute() #920
    +---[0.015268ms] javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest:setAttribute() #921
    +---[15.050124ms] org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet:doDispatch() #925
    | `---[14.943477ms] org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet:doDispatch()
    | +---[0.019135ms] org.springframework.web.context.request.async.WebAsyncUtils:getAsyncManager() #953
    | +---[2.108373ms] org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet:checkMultipart() #960
    | | `---[2.004436ms] org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet:checkMultipart()
    | | `---[1.890845ms] org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartResolver:isMultipart() #1117
    | +---[2.054361ms] org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet:getHandler() #964
    | | `---[1.961963ms] org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet:getHandler()
    | | +---[0.02051ms] java.util.List:iterator() #1183
    | | +---[min=0.003805ms,max=0.009641ms,total=0.013446ms,count=2] java.util.Iterator:hasNext() #1183
    | | +---[min=0.003181ms,max=0.009751ms,total=0.012932ms,count=2] java.util.Iterator:next() #1183
    | | +---[min=0.005841ms,max=0.015308ms,total=0.021149ms,count=2] org.apache.commons.logging.Log:isTraceEnabled() #1184
    | | `---[min=0.474739ms,max=1.19145ms,total=1.666189ms,count=2] org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerMapping:getHandler() #1188
    | +---[0.013071ms] org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerExecutionChain:getHandler() #971
    | +---[0.372236ms] org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet:getHandlerAdapter() #971
    | | `---[0.280073ms] org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet:getHandlerAdapter()
    | | +---[0.004804ms] java.util.List:iterator() #1224
    | | +---[0.003668ms] java.util.Iterator:hasNext() #1224
    | | +---[0.003038ms] java.util.Iterator:next() #1224
    | | +---[0.006451ms] org.apache.commons.logging.Log:isTraceEnabled() #1225
    | | `---[0.012683ms] org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerAdapter:supports() #1228
    | +---[0.012848ms] javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest:getMethod() #974
    | +---[0.013132ms] java.lang.String:equals() #975
    | +---[0.003025ms] org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerExecutionChain:getHandler() #977
    | +---[0.008095ms] org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerAdapter:getLastModified() #977
    | +---[0.006596ms] org.apache.commons.logging.Log:isDebugEnabled() #978
    | +---[0.018024ms] org.springframework.web.context.request.ServletWebRequest:<init>() #981
    | +---[0.017869ms] org.springframework.web.context.request.ServletWebRequest:checkNotModified() #981
    | +---[0.038542ms] org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerExecutionChain:applyPreHandle() #986
    | +---[0.00431ms] org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerExecutionChain:getHandler() #991
    | +---[4.248493ms] org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerAdapter:handle() #991
    | +---[0.014805ms] org.springframework.web.context.request.async.WebAsyncManager:isConcurrentHandlingStarted() #993
    | +---[1.444994ms] org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet:applyDefaultViewName() #997
    | | `---[0.067631ms] org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet:applyDefaultViewName()
    | +---[0.012027ms] org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerExecutionChain:applyPostHandle() #998
    | +---[0.373997ms] org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet:processDispatchResult() #1008

    | | `---[0.197004ms] org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet:processDispatchResult()
    | | +---[0.007074ms] org.apache.commons.logging.Log:isDebugEnabled() #1075
    | | +---[0.005467ms] org.springframework.web.context.request.async.WebAsyncUtils:getAsyncManager() #1081
    | | +---[0.004054ms] org.springframework.web.context.request.async.WebAsyncManager:isConcurrentHandlingStarted() #1081
    | | `---[0.011988ms] org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerExecutionChain:triggerAfterCompletion() #1087
    | `---[0.004015ms] org.springframework.web.context.request.async.WebAsyncManager:isConcurrentHandlingStarted() #1018
    +---[0.005055ms] org.springframework.web.context.request.async.WebAsyncUtils:getAsyncManager() #928
    `---[0.003422ms] org.springframework.web.context.request.async.WebAsyncManager:isConcurrentHandlingStarted() #928/<init>/<init>/<code>
    <code>[jboss@VM_10_91_centos tmp]$ curl -w "@curl-time.txt" http://127.0.0.1:7744/send
    success
    http: 200
    dns: 0.001s
    redirect: 0.000s
    time_connect: 0.001s
    time_appconnect: 0.000s
    time_pretransfer: 0.001s
    time_starttransfer: 0.115s
    size_download: 7bytes
    speed_download: 60.000B/s
    ----------
    time_total: 0.115s/<code>

    本次调用,调用端时间花费115ms,但是从arthas trace上看,spring mvc只消耗了18ms,那么剩下的97ms去哪了呢?

    本地测试后已经可以排除spring mvc的问题了,最后也是唯一可能出问题的点就是tomcat

    可是本人并不熟悉tomcat中的源码,就连请求入口都不清楚,tomcat里需要trace的类都不好找。。。

    不过没关系,有神器Arthas,可以通过stack命令来反向查找调用路径,以org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet作为参数:

    stack 输出当前方法被调用的调用路径 很多时候我们都知道一个方法被执行,但这个方法被执行的路径非常多,或者你根本就不知道这个方法是从那里被执行了,此时你需要的是 stack 命令。

    <code>[arthas@24851]$ stack org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet *
    Press Q or Ctrl+C to abort.
    Affect(class-cnt:1 , method-cnt:44) cost in 495 ms.
    ts=2019-09-1421:15:19;thread_name=http-nio-7744-exec-5;id=14;is_daemon=true;priority=5;TCCL=org.springframework.boot.web.embedded.tomcat.TomcatEmbeddedWebappClassLoader@7c136917
    @org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.proce***equest()
    at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.doGet(FrameworkServlet.java:866)
    at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:635)
    at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.service(FrameworkServlet.java:851)
    at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:742)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:231)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166)
    at org.apache.tomcat.websocket.server.WsFilter.doFilter(WsFilter.java:52)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:193)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166)
    at org.springframework.web.filter.RequestContextFilter.doFilterInternal(RequestContextFilter.java:99)
    at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:193)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166)
    at org.springframework.web.filter.HttpPutFormContentFilter.doFilterInternal(HttpPutFormContentFilter.java:109)
    at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:193)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166)
    at org.springframework.web.filter.HiddenHttpMethodFilter.doFilterInternal(HiddenHttpMethodFilter.java:81)
    at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:193)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166)
    at org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter.doFilterInternal(CharacterEncodingFilter.java:200)
    at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:193)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:198)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:96)
    at org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:496)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:140)
    at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:81)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:87)
    at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:342)
    at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor.service(Http11Processor.java:803)
    at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProcessorLight.process(AbstractProcessorLight.java:66)
    at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$ConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:790)
    at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.doRun(NioEndpoint.java:1468)
    at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.SocketProcessorBase.run(SocketProcessorBase.java:49)
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1149)
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:624)
    at org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.TaskThread$WrappingRunnable.run(TaskThread.java:61)
    at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:748)

    ts=2019-09-1421:15:19;thread_name=http-nio-7744-exec-5;id=14;is_daemon=true;priority=5;TCCL=org.springframework.boot.web.embedded.tomcat.TomcatEmbeddedWebappClassLoader@7c136917
    @org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doService()

    at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.proce***equest(FrameworkServlet.java:974)
    at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.doGet(FrameworkServlet.java:866)
    at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:635)
    at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.service(FrameworkServlet.java:851)
    at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:742)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:231)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166)
    at org.apache.tomcat.websocket.server.WsFilter.doFilter(WsFilter.java:52)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:193)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166)
    at org.springframework.web.filter.RequestContextFilter.doFilterInternal(RequestContextFilter.java:99)
    at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:193)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166)
    at org.springframework.web.filter.HttpPutFormContentFilter.doFilterInternal(HttpPutFormContentFilter.java:109)
    at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:193)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166)
    at org.springframework.web.filter.HiddenHttpMethodFilter.doFilterInternal(HiddenHttpMethodFilter.java:81)
    at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:193)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166)
    at org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter.doFilterInternal(CharacterEncodingFilter.java:200)
    at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:193)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:198)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:96)
    at org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:496)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:140)
    at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:81)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:87)
    at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:342)
    at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor.service(Http11Processor.java:803)
    at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProcessorLight.process(AbstractProcessorLight.java:66)
    at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$ConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:790)
    at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.doRun(NioEndpoint.java:1468)
    at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.SocketProcessorBase.run(SocketProcessorBase.java:49)
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1149)
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:624)
    at org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.TaskThread$WrappingRunnable.run(TaskThread.java:61)
    at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:748)/<code>

    从stack日志上可以很直观的看出DispatchServlet的调用栈,那么这么长的路径,该trace哪个类呢(这里跳过spring mvc中的过滤器的trace过程,实际排查的时候也trace了一遍,但这诡异的时间消耗不是由这里过滤器产生的)?有一定经验的老司机从名字上大概也能猜出来从哪里下手比较好,那就是org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor.service,从名字上看,http1.1处理器,这可能是一个比较好的切入点。下面来trace一下:

    <code>[arthas@24851]$ trace org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor service
    Press Q or Ctrl+C to abort.
    Affect(class-cnt:1 , method-cnt:1) cost in 269 ms.
    `---ts=2019-09-1421:22:51;thread_name=http-nio-7744-exec-8;id=17;is_daemon=true;priority=5;TCCL=org.springframework.boot.loader.LaunchedURLClassLoader@20ad9418
    `---[131.650285ms] org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor:service()
    +---[0.036851ms] org.apache.coyote.Request:getRequestProcessor() #667
    +---[0.009986ms] org.apache.coyote.RequestInfo:setStage() #668
    +---[0.008928ms] org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor:setSocketWrapper() #671
    +---[0.013236ms] org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11InputBuffer:init() #672
    +---[0.00981ms] org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11OutputBuffer:init() #673
    +---[min=0.00213ms,max=0.007317ms,total=0.009447ms,count=2] org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor:getErrorState() #683
    +---[min=0.002098ms,max=0.008888ms,total=0.010986ms,count=2] org.apache.coyote.ErrorState:isError() #683
    +---[min=0.002448ms,max=0.007149ms,total=0.009597ms,count=2] org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor:isAsync() #683
    +---[min=0.002399ms,max=0.00852ms,total=0.010919ms,count=2] org.apache.tomcat.util.net.AbstractEndpoint:isPaused() #683
    +---[min=0.033587ms,max=0.11832ms,total=0.151907ms,count=2] org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11InputBuffer:parseRequestLine() #687
    +---[0.005384ms] org.apache.tomcat.util.net.AbstractEndpoint:isPaused() #695
    +---[0.007924ms] org.apache.coyote.Request:getMimeHeaders() #702
    +---[0.006744ms] org.apache.tomcat.util.net.AbstractEndpoint:getMaxHeaderCount() #702
    +---[0.012574ms] org.apache.tomcat.util.http.MimeHeaders:setLimit() #702
    +---[0.14319ms] org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11InputBuffer:parseHeaders() #703
    +---[0.003997ms] org.apache.coyote.Request:getMimeHeaders() #743
    +---[0.026561ms] org.apache.tomcat.util.http.MimeHeaders:values() #743
    +---[min=0.002869ms,max=0.01203ms,total=0.014899ms,count=2] java.util.Enumeration:hasMoreElements() #745
    +---[0.070114ms] java.util.Enumeration:nextElement() #746
    +---[0.010921ms] java.lang.String:toLowerCase() #746 +---[0.008453ms] java.lang.String:contains() #746
    +---[0.002698ms] org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor:getErrorState() #775
    +---[0.00307ms] org.apache.coyote.ErrorState:isError() #775
    +---[0.002708ms] org.apache.coyote.RequestInfo:setStage() #777
    +---[0.171139ms] org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor:prepareRequest() #779
    +---[0.009349ms] org.apache.tomcat.util.net.SocketWrapperBase:decrementKeepAlive() #794
    +---[0.002574ms] org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor:getErrorState() #800
    +---[0.002696ms] org.apache.coyote.ErrorState:isError() #800
    +---[0.002499ms] org.apache.coyote.RequestInfo:setStage() #802
    +---[0.005641ms] org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor:getAdapter() #803
    +---[129.868916ms] org.apache.coyote.Adapter:service() #803
    +---[0.003859ms] org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor:getErrorState() #809
    +---[0.002365ms] org.apache.coyote.ErrorState:isError() #809
    +---[0.003844ms] org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor:isAsync() #809
    +---[0.002382ms] org.apache.coyote.Response:getStatus() #809
    +---[0.002476ms] org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor:statusDropsConnection() #809
    +---[0.002284ms] org.apache.coyote.RequestInfo:setStage() #838
    +---[0.00222ms] org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor:isAsync() #839
    +---[0.037873ms] org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor:endRequest() #843
    +---[0.002188ms] org.apache.coyote.RequestInfo:setStage() #845
    +---[0.002112ms] org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor:getErrorState() #849
    +---[0.002063ms] org.apache.coyote.ErrorState:isError() #849
    +---[0.002504ms] org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor:isAsync() #853
    +---[0.009808ms] org.apache.coyote.Request:updateCounters() #854
    +---[0.002008ms] org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor:getErrorState() #855

    +---[0.002192ms] org.apache.coyote.ErrorState:isIoAllowed() #855
    +---[0.01968ms] org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11InputBuffer:nextRequest() #856
    +---[0.010065ms] org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11OutputBuffer:nextRequest() #857
    +---[0.002576ms] org.apache.coyote.RequestInfo:setStage() #870
    +---[0.016599ms] org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor:processSendfile() #872
    +---[0.008182ms] org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11InputBuffer:getParsingRequestLinePhase() #688
    +---[0.0075ms] org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor:handleIncompleteRequestLineRead() #690
    +---[0.001979ms] org.apache.coyote.RequestInfo:setStage() #875
    +---[0.001981ms] org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor:getErrorState() #877
    +---[0.001934ms] org.apache.coyote.ErrorState:isError() #877
    +---[0.001995ms] org.apache.tomcat.util.net.AbstractEndpoint:isPaused() #877
    +---[0.002403ms] org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor:isAsync() #879
    `---[0.006176ms] org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor:isUpgrade() #881/<code>

    日志里有一个129ms的耗时点(时间比没开arthas的时候更长是因为arthas本身带来的性能消耗,所以生产环境小心使用),这个就是要找的问题点。

    打问题点找到了,那怎么定位是什么导致的问题呢,又如何解决呢?

    继续trace吧,细化到具体的代码块或者内容。trace由于性能考虑,不会展示所有的调用路径,如果调用路径过深,只有手动深入trace,原则就是trace耗时长的那个方法:

    <code>[arthas@24851]$ trace org.apache.coyote.Adapter service
    Press Q or Ctrl+C to abort.
    Affect(class-cnt:1 , method-cnt:1) cost in 608 ms.
    `---ts=2019-09-1421:34:33;thread_name=http-nio-7744-exec-1;id=10;is_daemon=true;priority=5;TCCL=org.springframework.boot.loader.LaunchedURLClassLoader@20ad9418
    `---[81.70999ms] org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter:service()
    +---[0.032546ms] org.apache.coyote.Request:getNote() #302
    +---[0.007148ms] org.apache.coyote.Response:getNote() #303
    +---[0.007475ms] org.apache.catalina.connector.Connector:getXpoweredBy() #324
    +---[0.00447ms] org.apache.coyote.Request:getRequestProcessor() #331
    +---[0.007902ms] java.lang.ThreadLocal:get() #331
    +---[0.006522ms] org.apache.coyote.RequestInfo:setWorkerThreadName() #331
    +---[73.793798ms] org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter:postParseRequest() #336
    +---[0.001536ms] org.apache.catalina.connector.Connector:getService() #339
    +---[0.004469ms] org.apache.catalina.Service:getContainer() #339
    +---[0.007074ms] org.apache.catalina.Engine:getPipeline() #339

    +---[0.004334ms] org.apache.catalina.Pipeline:isAsyncSupported() #339
    +---[0.002466ms] org.apache.catalina.connector.Request:setAsyncSupported() #339
    +---[6.01E-4ms] org.apache.catalina.connector.Connector:getService() #342
    +---[0.001859ms] org.apache.catalina.Service:getContainer() #342
    +---[9.65E-4ms] org.apache.catalina.Engine:getPipeline() #342
    +---[0.005231ms] org.apache.catalina.Pipeline:getFirst() #342
    +---[7.239154ms] org.apache.catalina.Valve:invoke() #342
    +---[0.006904ms] org.apache.catalina.connector.Request:isAsync() #345
    +---[0.00509ms] org.apache.catalina.connector.Request:finishRequest() #372
    +---[0.051461ms] org.apache.catalina.connector.Response:finishResponse() #373
    +---[0.007244ms] java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicBoolean:<init>() #379
    +---[0.007314ms] org.apache.coyote.Response:action() #380
    +---[0.004518ms] org.apache.catalina.connector.Request:isAsyncCompleting() #382
    +---[0.001072ms] org.apache.catalina.connector.Request:getContext() #394
    +---[0.007166ms] java.lang.System:currentTimeMillis() #401
    +---[0.004367ms] org.apache.coyote.Request:getStartTime() #401
    +---[0.011483ms] org.apache.catalina.Context:logAccess() #401
    +---[0.0014ms] org.apache.coyote.Request:getRequestProcessor() #406
    +---[min=8.0E-4ms,max=9.22E-4ms,total=0.001722ms,count=2] java.lang.Integer:<init>() #406
    +---[0.001082ms] java.lang.reflect.Method:invoke() #406
    +---[0.001851ms] org.apache.coyote.RequestInfo:setWorkerThreadName() #406
    +---[0.035805ms] org.apache.catalina.connector.Request:recycle() #410
    `---[0.007849ms] org.apache.catalina.connector.Response:recycle() #411/<init>/<init>/<code>

    一段无聊的手动深入trace之后………………

    <code>[arthas@24851]$ trace org.apache.catalina.webresources.AbstractArchiveResourceSet getArchiveEntries
    Press Q or Ctrl+C to abort.
    Affect(class-cnt:4 , method-cnt:2) cost in 150 ms.
    `---ts=2019-09-1421:36:26;thread_name=http-nio-7744-exec-3;id=12;is_daemon=true;priority=5;TCCL=org.springframework.boot.loader.LaunchedURLClassLoader@20ad9418
    `---[75.743681ms] org.apache.catalina.webresources.JarWarResourceSet:getArchiveEntries()
    +---[0.025731ms] java.util.HashMap:<init>() #106
    +---[0.097729ms] org.apache.catalina.webresources.JarWarResourceSet:openJarFile() #109
    +---[0.091037ms] java.util.jar.JarFile:getJarEntry() #110
    +---[0.096325ms] java.util.jar.JarFile:getInputStream() #111
    +---[0.451916ms] org.apache.catalina.webresources.TomcatJarInputStream:<init>() #113
    +---[min=0.001175ms,max=0.001176ms,total=0.002351ms,count=2] java.lang.Integer:<init>() #114
    +---[0.00104ms] java.lang.reflect.Method:invoke() #114
    +---[0.045105ms] org.apache.catalina.webresources.TomcatJarInputStream:getNextJarEntry() #114
    +---[min=5.02E-4ms,max=0.008531ms,total=0.028864ms,count=31] java.util.jar.JarEntry:getName() #116
    +---[min=5.39E-4ms,max=0.022805ms,total=0.054647ms,count=31] java.util.HashMap:put() #116
    +---[min=0.004452ms,max=34.479307ms,total=74.206249ms,count=31] org.apache.catalina.webresources.TomcatJarInputStream:getNextJarEntry() #117
    +---[0.018358ms] org.apache.catalina.webresources.TomcatJarInputStream:getManifest() #119
    +---[0.006429ms] org.apache.catalina.webresources.JarWarResourceSet:setManifest() #120
    +---[0.010904ms] org.apache.tomcat.util.compat.JreCompat:isJre9Available() #121
    +---[0.003307ms] org.apache.catalina.webresources.TomcatJarInputStream:getMetaInfEntry() #133
    +---[5.5E-4ms] java.util.jar.JarEntry:getName() #135
    +---[6.42E-4ms] java.util.HashMap:put() #135
    +---[0.001981ms] org.apache.catalina.webresources.TomcatJarInputStream:getManifestEntry() #137

    +---[0.064484ms] org.apache.catalina.webresources.TomcatJarInputStream:close() #141
    +---[0.007961ms] org.apache.catalina.webresources.JarWarResourceSet:closeJarFile() #151
    `---[0.004643ms] java.io.InputStream:close() #155/<init>/<init>/<init>/<code>

    发现了一个值得暂停思考的点:

    <code> +---[min=0.004452ms,max=34.479307ms,total=74.206249ms,count=31] org.apache.catalina.webresources.TomcatJarInputStream:getNextJarEntry() #117/<code>

    这行代码加载了31次,一共耗时74ms;从名字上看,应该是tomcat加载jar包时的耗时,那么是加载了31个jar包的耗时,还是加载了jar包内的某些资源31次耗时呢?

    TomcatJarInputStream这个类源码的注释写到:

    The purpose of this sub-class is to obtain references to the JarEntry objects for META-INF/ and META-INF/MANIFEST.MF that are otherwise swallowed by the JarInputStream implementation. 大概意思也就是,获取jar包内META-INF/,META-INF/MANIFEST的资源,这是一个子类,更多的功能在父类JarInputStream里。

    其实看到这里大概也能猜到问题了,tomcat加载jar包内META-INF/,META-INF/MANIFEST的资源导致的耗时,至于为什么连续请求不会耗时,应该是tomcat的缓存机制(下面介绍源码分析)

    不着急定位问题,试着通过Arthas最终定位问题细节,继续手动深入trace

    <code>[arthas@24851]$ trace org.apache.catalina.webresources.TomcatJarInputStream *
    Press Q or Ctrl+C to abort.
    Affect(class-cnt:1 , method-cnt:4) cost in 44 ms.
    `---ts=2019-09-1421:37:47;thread_name=http-nio-7744-exec-5;id=14;is_daemon=true;priority=5;TCCL=org.springframework.boot.loader.LaunchedURLClassLoader@20ad9418
    `---[0.234952ms] org.apache.catalina.webresources.TomcatJarInputStream:createZipEntry()
    +---[0.039455ms] java.util.jar.JarInputStream:createZipEntry() #43
    `---[0.007827ms] java.lang.String:equals() #44

    `---ts=2019-09-1421:37:47;thread_name=http-nio-7744-exec-5;id=14;is_daemon=true;priority=5;TCCL=org.springframework.boot.loader.LaunchedURLClassLoader@20ad9418
    `---[0.050222ms] org.apache.catalina.webresources.TomcatJarInputStream:createZipEntry()
    +---[0.001889ms] java.util.jar.JarInputStream:createZipEntry() #43
    `---[0.001643ms] java.lang.String:equals() #46

    #这里一共31个trace日志,删减了剩下的/<code>

    从方法名上看,还是加载资源之类的意思。都已经到jdk源码了,这时候来看一下TomcatJarInputStream这个类的源码:

    <code>/**
    * Creates a new <code>JarEntry/<code> (<code>ZipEntry/<code>) for the
    * specified JAR file entry name. The manifest attributes of
    * the specified JAR file entry name will be copied to the new
    * <code>JarEntry/<code>.
    *
    * @param name the name of the JAR/ZIP file entry
    * @return the <code>JarEntry/<code> object just created
    */
    protected ZipEntry createZipEntry(String name) {
    JarEntry e = new JarEntry(name);
    if (man != null) {
    e.attr = man.getAttributes(name);
    }
    return e;
    }/<code>

    这个createZipEntry有个name参数,从注释上看,是jar/zip文件名,如果能得到文件名这种关键信息,就可以直接定位问题了;还是通过Arthas,使用watch命令,动态监测方法调用数据

    watch方法执行数据观测

    让你能方便的观察到指定方法的调用情况。能观察到的范围为:返回值、抛出异常、入参,通过编写 OGNL 表达式进行对应变量的查看。

    watch 该方法的入参

    <code>[arthas@24851]$ watch  org.apache.catalina.webresources.TomcatJarInputStream createZipEntry "{params[0]}" 

    Press Q or Ctrl+C to abort.
    Affect(class-cnt:1 , method-cnt:1) cost in 27 ms.
    ts=2019-09-1421:51:14; [cost=0.14547ms] result=@ArrayList[
    @String[META-INF/],
    ]
    ts=2019-09-1421:51:14; [cost=0.048028ms] result=@ArrayList[
    @String[META-INF/MANIFEST.MF],
    ]
    ts=2019-09-1421:51:14; [cost=0.046071ms] result=@ArrayList[
    @String[META-INF/resources/],
    ]
    ts=2019-09-1421:51:14; [cost=0.033855ms] result=@ArrayList[
    @String[META-INF/resources/swagger-ui.html],
    ]
    ts=2019-09-1421:51:14; [cost=0.039138ms] result=@ArrayList[
    @String[META-INF/resources/webjars/],
    ]
    ts=2019-09-1421:51:14; [cost=0.033701ms] result=@ArrayList[
    @String[META-INF/resources/webjars/springfox-swagger-ui/],
    ]
    ts=2019-09-1421:51:14; [cost=0.033644ms] result=@ArrayList[
    @String[META-INF/resources/webjars/springfox-swagger-ui/favicon-16x16.png],
    ]
    ts=2019-09-1421:51:14; [cost=0.033976ms] result=@ArrayList[
    @String[META-INF/resources/webjars/springfox-swagger-ui/springfox.css],
    ]
    ts=2019-09-1421:51:14; [cost=0.032818ms] result=@ArrayList[
    @String[META-INF/resources/webjars/springfox-swagger-ui/swagger-ui-standalone-preset.js.map],
    ]
    ts=2019-09-1421:51:14; [cost=0.04651ms] result=@ArrayList[
    @String[META-INF/resources/webjars/springfox-swagger-ui/swagger-ui.css],
    ]
    ts=2019-09-1421:51:14; [cost=0.034793ms] result=@ArrayList[
    @String[META-INF/resources/webjars/springfox-swagger-ui/swagger-ui.js.map],

    @String[META-INF/resources/webjars/springfox-swagger-ui/swagger-ui.js.map],/<code>

    这下直接看到了具体加载的资源名,这么熟悉的名字:swagger-ui,一个国外的rest接口文档工具,又有国内开发者基于swagger-ui做了一套spring mvc的集成工具,通过注解就可以自动生成swagger-ui需要的接口定义json文件,用起来还比较方便,就是侵入性较强。

    删除swagger的jar包后问题,诡异的70+ms就消失了

    <code>
    /<code>

    pom中直接覆盖properties即可:

    <code><properties>
    <tomcat.version>8.5.40/<tomcat.version>
    /<properties>/<code>

    升级spring boot版本

    springboot 2.1.0.RELEASE中的tomcat embed版本已经大于8.5.31了,所以直接将springboot升级至该版本及以上版本就可以解决此问题。

    原文链接:https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/sFfdgeHhMDP1jM7RPk2sHg


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