3月26日，二十國集團領導人應對新冠肺炎特別峰會以視頻會議方式召開。本次峰會由2020年二十國集團主席國沙特阿拉伯主辦，會議由沙特國王薩勒曼主持，重點討論如何應對新型冠狀病毒肺炎疫情對全球經濟和社會帶來的負面影響。
（圖片來源：網絡視聽生態圈）沙特政府發佈的公告顯示，二十國集團成員國領導人和特別受邀的約旦、新加坡、瑞士以及東盟輪值主席國越南、非盟輪值主席國南非、海合會輪值主席國阿聯酋和非洲發展新夥伴關係輪值主席國盧旺達等國領導人均將參加此次會議，聯合國、世界銀行、世界衛生組織、世界貿易組織、國際勞工組織、國際貨幣基金組織和經濟合作與發展組織等國際組織負責人也將參與會議。之前已經給大家分享了習主席在北京出席二十國集團領導人應對新冠肺炎特別峰會，發表的題為《攜手抗疫，共克時艱》的重要講話。
二十國集團領導人應對新冠肺炎特別峰會聲明
2020年3月26日
G20 Leaders’ Summit - statement on COVID-19
26 March 2020
前所未有的新冠肺炎大流行深刻表明全球的緊密聯繫及脆弱性。病毒無國界，需要本著團結精神，採取透明、有力、協調、大規模、基於科學的全球行動以抗擊疫情。我們堅定承諾建立統一戰線應對這一共同威脅。
The unprecedented COVID-19 pandemic is a powerful reminder of our interconnectedness and vulnerabilities. The virus respects no borders. Combatting this pandemic calls for a transparent, robust, coordinated, large-scale and science-based global response in the spirit of solidarity. We are strongly committed to presenting a united front against this common threat.
我們對逝者以及全球人民面臨的苦難深感悲痛。當前最緊迫的任務是應對疫情及其對健康、社會和經濟等帶來的複雜影響。在繼續抗擊新冠肺炎的同時，我們向所有一線醫務工作者表示感謝與支持。
We are deeply saddened by the tragic loss of life and the suffering faced by people around the world. Tackling the pandemic and its intertwined health, social and economic impacts is our absolute priority. We express our gratitude and support to all frontline health workers as we continue to fight the pandemic.
二十國集團致力於同世界衛生組織、國際貨幣基金組織、世界銀行集團、聯合國以及其他國際組織一道，在各自職責範圍內採取一切必要行動以戰勝疫情。我們決心通過各自和集體行動，不遺餘力做好以下幾方面工作：保護生命；保障人們的工作和收入；重振信心、維護金融穩定、恢復並實現更強勁的增長；使對貿易和全球供應鏈的干擾最小化；向所有需要的國家提供幫助；協調公共衛生和財政措施。
The G20 is committed to do whatever it takes to overcome the pandemic, along with the World Health Organization (WHO), International Monetary Fund (IMF), World Bank Group (WBG), United Nations (UN), and other international organizations, working within their existing mandates. We are determined to spare no effort, both individually and collectively, to: Protect lives. Safeguard people’s jobs and incomes. Restore confidence, preserve financial stability, revive growth and recover stronger. Minimize disruptions to trade and global supply chains. Provide help to all countries in need of assistance. Coordinate on public health and financial measures.
抗擊新冠肺炎大流行
Fighting the Pandemic
我們承諾採取一切必要公共衛生措施，爭取提供足夠資金來抑制此次大流行病，以保護人民，特別是最脆弱群體。我們將共享實時、透明信息，交換流行病學和臨床數據，共享研發所需的物資，加強全球公共衛生體系，包括支持全面實施《國際衛生條例（2005）》。我們將擴大產能，以滿足不斷增長的醫療用品需求，並確保以可負擔的價格，儘快向最需要的地方合理、廣泛提供。我們強調面對此次全球衛生危機，負責任的公眾信息傳播至關重要。我們要求衛生部長分享最佳實踐，並在四月的部長級會議前採取一系列二十國集團緊急行動以共同抗擊此次大流行病。
We commit to take all necessary health measures and seek to ensure adequate financing to contain the pandemic and protect people, especially the most vulnerable. We will share timely and transparent information; exchange epidemiological and clinical data; share materials necessary for research and development; and strengthen health systems globally, including through supporting the full implementation of the WHO International Health Regulations (IHR 2005). We will expand manufacturing capacity to meet the increasing needs for medical supplies and ensure these are made widely available, at an affordable price, on an equitable basis, where they are most needed and as quickly as possible. We stress the importance of responsible communication to the public during this global health crisis. We task our Health Ministers to meet as needed to share national best practices and develop a set of G20 urgent actions on jointly combatting the pandemic by their ministerial meeting in April.
我們完全支持並承諾進一步增強世衛組織在協調國際抗疫行動方面的職責，包括保護一線醫療工作者，提供醫療用品，特別是診斷工具、診療方法、藥品和疫苗。我們承認有必要採取緊急短期舉措，以加強全球應對新冠肺炎的努力。我們將與利益相關者共同努力，儘快填補世界衛生組織“新型冠狀病毒戰略防範和應對方案”中的資金缺口。我們承諾在自願基礎上，立即向世衛組織新冠肺炎團結應對基金、流行病防範創新聯盟和全球疫苗免疫聯盟提供資源。我們呼籲所有國家、國際組織、私人部門、慈善團體和個人提供捐資。
We fully support and commit to further strengthen the WHO’s mandate in coordinating the international fight against the pandemic, including the protection of front-line health workers, delivery of medical supplies, especially diagnostic tools, treatments, medicines, and vaccines. We acknowledge the necessity of urgent short-term actions to step up the global efforts to fight the COVID-19 crisis. We will quickly work together and with stakeholders to close the financing gap in the WHO Strategic Preparedness and Response Plan. We further commit to provide immediate resources to the WHO’s COVID-19 Solidarity Response Fund, the Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness and Innovation (CEPI) and Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance, on a voluntary basis. We call upon all countries, international organizations, the private sector, philanthropies, and individuals to contribute to these efforts.
為了捍衛未來，我們承諾大幅增加防疫支出以增強各國、地區和全球應對潛在傳染病暴發的準備。這將加強對所有人的保護，尤其是受傳染病嚴重影響的弱勢群體。我們進一步承諾共同增加疫苗和藥品研發基金，利用數字技術並加強科研全球合作。我們將遵循有效、安全、公平、可及和可負擔目標，加強包括私營部門在內的協調力度，快速研發、生產和分配診斷工具、抗疫藥物和疫苗。
To safeguard the future, we commit to strengthen national, regional, and global capacities to respond to potential infectious disease outbreaks by substantially increasing our epidemic preparedness spending. This will enhance the protection of everyone, especially vulnerable groups that are disproportionately affected by infectious diseases. We further commit to work together to increase research and development funding for vaccines and medicines, leverage digital technologies, and strengthen scientific international cooperation. We will bolster our coordination, including with the private sector, towards rapid development, manufacturing and distribution of diagnostics, antiviral medicines, and vaccines, adhering to the objectives of efficacy, safety, equity, accessibility, and affordability.
我們要求世界衛生組織與有關組織合作，評估大流行病防範方面的不足，並在未來幾個月內向財政和衛生部長聯席會議報告，以期建立關於大流行病防範和應對的全球倡議。該倡議將充分利用現有項目，延續全球防範領域工作重點，並作為一個普遍、有效、持續的籌資和協調平臺，以加速疫苗、診斷和治療的開發和使用。
We ask the WHO, in cooperation with relevant organizations, to assess gaps in pandemic preparedness and report to a joint meeting of Finance and Health Ministers in the coming months, with a view to establish a global initiative on pandemic preparedness and response. This initiative will capitalize on existing programs to align priorities in global preparedness and act as a universal, efficient, sustained funding and coordination platform to accelerate the development and delivery of vaccines, diagnostics and treatments.
維護世界經濟
Safeguarding the Global Economy
我們承諾竭盡所能，使用現有一切政策工具，降低此次大流行病對經濟和社會造成的損害，恢復全球增長，維持市場穩定並增強經濟韌性。
We commit to do whatever it takes and to use all available policy tools to minimize the economic and social damage from the pandemic, restore global growth, maintain market stability, and strengthen resilience.
我們正採取迅速而有力的措施，支持經濟，保護勞動者、企業，特別是中小微企業，以及受影響最嚴重的部門，並通過適當的社會保護措施來保護脆弱群體。我們正在向全球經濟注入超過5萬億美元，以作為有針對性的財政政策、經濟措施和擔保計劃的一部分，抵消大流行病對社會、經濟和金融的影響。
We are currently undertaking immediate and vigorous measures to support our economies; protect workers, businesses—especially micro-, small and medium-sized enterprises—and the sectors most affected; and shield the vulnerable through adequate social protection. We are injecting over $5 trillion into the global economy, as part of targeted fiscal policy, economic measures, and guarantee schemes to counteract the social, economic and financial impacts of the pandemic.
我們將繼續採取有力、大規模的財政支持措施。二十國集團的集體行動將擴大影響，確保連貫，形成合力。應對措施的規模和範圍將重振全球經濟，為保護工作崗位和恢復經濟增長奠定堅實基礎。我們要求財政部長和央行行長定期協調並制定《二十國集團應對新冠肺炎行動計劃》，並同國際組織緊密合作，迅速提供適當的國際金融援助。
We will continue to conduct bold and large-scale fiscal support. Collective G20 action will amplify its impact, ensure coherence, and harness synergies. The magnitude and scope of this response will get the global economy back on its feet and set a strong basis for the protection of jobs and the recovery of growth. We ask our Finance Ministers and Central Bank Governors to coordinate on a regular basis to develop a G20 action plan in response to COVID-19 and work closely with international organizations to swiftly deliver the appropriate international financial assistance.
我們支持各國央行根據授權採取特別措施。各國央行已採取行動支持信貸流向家庭和企業，增強金融穩定，以及加強全球市場流動性。我們對央行擴大貨幣互換額度表示歡迎。我們還支持為確保金融體系持續支持經濟而採取的監管措施，並歡迎金融穩定理事會宣佈協調此類措施。
We support the extraordinary measures taken by central banks consistent with their mandates. Central banks have acted to support the flow of credit to households and businesses, promote financial stability, and enhance liquidity in global markets. We welcome the extension of swap lines that our central banks have undertaken. We also support regulatory and supervisory measures taken to ensure that the financial system continues to support the economy and welcome the Financial Stability Board’s (FSB) announced coordination of such measures.
我們歡迎國際貨幣基金組織和世界銀行盡最大程度運用各種工具支持有需要的國家，作為全球協調行動的一部分，並要求它們定期向二十國集團更新此次大流行病的影響，彙報應對舉措及政策建議。我們將繼續應對低收入國家因疫情導致的債務脆弱性風險。我們還要求國際勞工組織和經合組織監測大流行病對就業的影響。
We also welcome the steps taken by the IMF and the WBG to support countries in need using all instruments to the fullest extent as part of a coordinated global response and ask them to regularly update the G20 on the impacts of the pandemic, their response, and policy recommendations. We will continue to address risks of debt vulnerabilities in low-income countries due to the pandemic. We also ask the International Labour Organization (ILO) and the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) to monitor the pandemic’s impact on employment.
應對疫情對國際貿易造成的干擾
Addressing International Trade Disruptions
為滿足民眾所需，我們將努力確保重要醫療用品、關鍵農產品和其他商品和服務的正常跨境流動，並努力解決全球供應鏈中斷問題，從而保障全人類的健康和福祉。
Consistent with the needs of our citizens, we will work to ensure the flow of vital medical supplies, critical agricultural products, and other goods and services across borders, and work to resolve disruptions to the global supply chains, to support the health and well-being of all people.
我們承諾繼續共同努力促進國際貿易，協調應對措施，避免對國際交通和貿易造成不必要的干擾。旨在保護健康的應急措施將是有針對性、適當、透明和臨時的。我們要求貿易部長評估大流行對貿易的影響。
We commit to continue working together to facilitate international trade and coordinate responses in ways that avoid unnecessary interference with international traffic and trade. Emergency measures aimed at protecting health will be targeted, proportionate, transparent, and temporary. We task our Trade Ministers to assess the impact of the pandemic on trade.
我們重申實現自由、公平、非歧視、透明、可預期和穩定的貿易投資環境以及保持市場開放的目標。
We reiterate our goal to realize a free, fair, non-discriminatory, transparent, predictable and stable trade and investment environment, and to keep our markets open.
加強全球合作
Enhancing Global Cooperation
我們將同一線國際組織，特別是世界衛生組織、國際貨幣基金組織、世界銀行以及多邊和區域開發銀行一道，迅速果斷開展合作，部署強有力、協調一致、快速的一攬子金融計劃，並填補各自政策工具箱中的空白。我們已準備好加強全球金融安全網。我們呼籲這些組織進一步協調行動，包括通過與私營部門的協調，以支持新興國家和發展中國家應對新冠肺炎帶來的衛生、經濟和社會衝擊。
We will work swiftly and decisively with the front-line international organizations, notably the WHO, IMF, WBG, and multilateral and regional development banks to deploy a robust, coherent, coordinated, and rapid financial package and to address any gaps in their toolkit. We stand ready to strengthen the global financial safety nets. We call upon all these organizations to further step up coordination of their actions, including with the private sector, to support emerging and developing countries facing the health, economic, and social shocks of COVID-19.
我們對各國特別是發展中國家和最不發達國家，尤其是非洲和小島國，面臨的嚴峻挑戰深表關切。這些國家的衛生體系和經濟恐難以應對挑戰。我們同樣對難民和流離失所者面臨的特殊風險深表關切。我們認為加強非洲衛生防禦是提升全球衛生韌性的關鍵。我們將加強能力建設和技術援助，特別是對高危群體。我們準備好調動更多發展和人道主義資金。
We are gravely concerned with the serious risks posed to all countries, particularly developing and least developed countries, and notably in Africa and small island states, where health systems and economies may be less able to cope with the challenge, as well as the particular risk faced by refugees and displaced persons. We consider that consolidating Africa’s health defence is a key for the resilience of global health. We will strengthen capacity building and technical assistance, especially to at-risk communities. We stand ready to mobilize development and humanitarian financing.
我們要求有關高級別官員密切協調，支持全球應對疫情影響的努力，包括根據各國法規採取適當的邊境管理措施，並在必要時為撤回公民提供協助。
We task our top relevant officials to coordinate closely in support of the global efforts to counter the pandemic’s impacts, including through proportionate border management measures in accordance with national regulations and to provide assistance where necessary to repatriate citizens.
我們珍視為保證人民健康而推遲舉行大型公共活動的做法，特別是國際奧委會關於將奧運會調整至不晚於2021年夏季舉行的決定。我們讚賞日本決心完整舉辦2020年東京奧運會和殘奧會，以此象徵人類的堅韌不拔。
We value the efforts to safeguard our people’s health through the postponement of major public events, in particular the decision by the International Olympic Committee to reschedule the Olympic Games to a date no later than summer 2021. We commend Japan’s determination to host the Olympic and Paralympic Games Tokyo 2020 in their complete form as a symbol of human resilience.
我們準備好迅速應對，並根據需要進一步採取行動。我們願根據形勢需要再次召集會議。應對疫情比以往任何時候都更需要全球行動、團結和國際合作。我們堅信，通過密切合作，我們必將戰勝困難。我們將保護人類生命，恢復全球經濟穩定，併為強勁、可持續、平衡和包容性增長奠定堅實基礎。
We stand ready to react promptly and take any further action that may be required. We express our readiness to convene again as the situation requires. Global action, solidarity and international cooperation are more than ever necessary to address this pandemic. We are confident that, working closely together, we will overcome this. We will protect human life, restore global economic stability, and lay out solid foundations for strong, sustainable, balanced and inclusive growth.
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