「前端」壓力測試工具ab、siege、webbench

概念

吞吐率(Requests per second)

每秒處理的請求數

併發連接數(The number of concurrent connections)

某個時刻同時存在的連接數。

併發用戶數（The number of concurrent users，Concurrency Level）

某個時刻同時存在的用戶數。一個用戶可能存在多個連接。譬如一個賬號不同瀏覽器登錄。

用戶平均請求等待時間

Time per request：指處理完成所有請求數所花費的時間 /（總請求數 / 併發用戶數）；

服務器平均請求等待時間

Time per request：指處理完成所有請求數所花費的時間 /（總請求數 ）；

安裝

mac 自帶ab

存在的兩個問題aprpoll: The timeout specified has expired (70007)、aprsocket_recv: Connection reset by peer (xx)，[請移步](https://yq.aliyun.com/articles/682791?spm=a2c4e.11153940.0.0.15747203SXQaVQ&type=2)

ab 
ab: wrong number of arguments
Usage: ab [options] [http[s]://]hostname[:port]/path
Options are:
 -n requests Number of requests to perform
 -c concurrency Number of multiple requests to make at a time
 -t timelimit Seconds to max. to spend on benchmarking
 This implies -n 50000
 -s timeout Seconds to max. wait for each response
 Default is 30 seconds 

 -b windowsize Size of TCP send/receive buffer, in bytes
 -B address Address to bind to when making outgoing connections
 -p postfile File containing data to POST. Remember also to set -T
 -u putfile File containing data to PUT. Remember also to set -T
 -T content-type Content-type header to use for POST/PUT data, eg.
 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded'
 Default is 'text/plain'
 -v verbosity How much troubleshooting info to print
 -w Print out results in HTML tables
 -i Use HEAD instead of GET
 -x attributes String to insert as table attributes
 -y attributes String to insert as tr attributes
 -z attributes String to insert as td or th attributes
 -C attribute Add cookie, eg. 'Apache=1234'. (repeatable)
 -H attribute Add Arbitrary header line, eg. 'Accept-Encoding: gzip'
 Inserted after all normal header lines. (repeatable)
 -A attribute Add Basic WWW Authentication, the attributes
 are a colon separated username and password.
 -P attribute Add Basic Proxy Authentication, the attributes
 are a colon separated username and password.
 -X proxy:port Proxyserver and port number to use
 -V Print version number and exit
 -k Use HTTP KeepAlive feature
 -d Do not show percentiles served table.
 -S Do not show confidence estimators and warnings.
 -q Do not show progress when doing more than 150 requests
 -l Accept variable document length (use this for dynamic pages)
 -g filename Output collected data to gnuplot format file.
 -e filename Output CSV file with percentages served
 -r Don't exit on socket receive errors.
 -m method Method name
 -h Display usage information (this message)
 -I Disable TLS Server Name Indication (SNI) extension
 -Z ciphersuite Specify SSL/TLS cipher suite (See openssl ciphers)
 -f protocol Specify SSL/TLS protocol
 (TLS1, TLS1.1, TLS1.2 or ALL)

常用參數說明

-n：總請求次數（最小默認為 1）；
-c：併發次數（最小默認為 1 且不能大於總請求次數，例如：10 個請求，10 個併發，實際就是 1 人請求 1 次）；
-p：post 參數文檔路徑（-p 和 -T 參數要配合使用）； 

-T：header 頭內容類型（此處切記是大寫英文字母 T）。

安裝siege

brew install siege

siege參數說明

SIEGE 4.0.4
Usage: siege [options]
 siege [options] URL
 siege -g URL
Options:
 -V, --version VERSION, prints the version number.
 -h, --help HELP, prints this section.
 -C, --config CONFIGURATION, show the current config.
 -v, --verbose VERBOSE, prints notification to screen.
 -q, --quiet QUIET turns verbose off and suppresses output.
 -g, --get GET, pull down HTTP headers and display the
 transaction. Great for application debugging.
 -p, --print PRINT, like GET only it prints the entire page.
 -c, --concurrent=NUM CONCURRENT users, default is 10
 -r, --reps=NUM REPS, number of times to run the test.
 -t, --time=NUMm TIMED testing where "m" is modifier S, M, or H
 ex: --time=1H, one hour test.
 -d, --delay=NUM Time DELAY, random delay before each requst
 -b, --benchmark BENCHMARK: no delays between requests.
 -i, --internet INTERNET user simulation, hits URLs randomly.
 -f, --file=FILE FILE, select a specific URLS FILE.
 -R, --rc=FILE RC, specify an siegerc file
 -l, --log[=FILE] LOG to FILE. If FILE is not specified, the
 default is used: PREFIX/var/siege.log
 -m, --mark="text" MARK, mark the log file with a string.
 between .001 and NUM. (NOT COUNTED IN STATS)
 -H, --header="text" Add a header to request (can be many)
 -A, --user-agent="text" Sets User-Agent in request
 -T, --content-type="text" Sets Content-Type in request
 --no-parser NO PARSER, turn off the HTML page parser
 --no-follow NO FOLLOW, do not follow HTTP redirects

Copyright (C) 2017 by Jeffrey Fulmer, et al.
This is free software; see the source for copying conditions.
There is NO warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS
FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.

siege示例

siege -c 併發數 -t 運行測試時間 URL

webbench

//安裝依賴
brew install ctags

wget http://home.tiscali.cz/~cz210552/distfiles/webbench-1.5.tar.gz 
// or http://www.ha97.com/code/webbench-1.5.tar.gz 
tar -zxf webbench-1.5.tar.gz
cd webbench-1.5
sudo mkdir -pv /usr/local/man/man1
sudo make && sudo make install

webbench 參數說明

webbench [option]... URL
 -f|--force Don't wait for reply from server.
 -r|--reload Send reload request - Pragma: no-cache.
 -t|--time  Run benchmark for  seconds. Default 30.
 -p|--proxy <port> Use proxy server for request.
 -c|--clients  Run  HTTP clients at once. Default one.
 -9|--http09 Use HTTP/0.9 style requests.
 -1|--http10 Use HTTP/1.0 protocol.
 -2|--http11 Use HTTP/1.1 protocol.
 --get Use GET request method.
 --head Use HEAD request method.
 --options Use OPTIONS request method.
 --trace Use TRACE request method.
 -?|-h|--help This information.
 -V|--version Display program version./<port>

示例

webbench -c 併發數 -t 運行測試時間 URL

參考文獻

yq.aliyun.com/articles/130859

本文作者：前端首席體驗師(CheongHu)

聯繫郵箱：[email protected]

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