虛擬網絡控制檯（VNC）是一個圖形桌面共享軟件，允許您使用鍵盤和鼠標遠程控制另一臺計算機。
系統環境
服務端：Centos7.7 Minimal
客戶端：Windows10
客戶端VNC-Viewer 6.20下載地址：https://www.realvnc.com/en/connect/download/viewer/
安裝桌面環境
本實驗中安裝的系統沒有安裝桌面環境，我們需要自己安裝，如果已經安裝桌面了清跳過這一步。Centos7提供了"Cinnamon Desktop","MATE Desktop","GNOME Desktop","KDE Plasma Workspaces","LXQt Desktop","Xfce"讓我們安裝。
下面的命令列出可用環境組：
<code>[root@localhost ~]# yum grouplist Loaded plugins: fastestmirror There is no installed groups file. Maybe run: yum groups mark convert (see man yum) Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn * epel: mirrors.aliyun.com * extras: mirrors.aliyun.com * updates: mirrors.aliyun.com Available Environment Groups: Minimal Install Compute Node Infrastructure Server File and Print Server Cinnamon Desktop MATE Desktop Basic Web Server Virtualization Host Server with GUI GNOME Desktop KDE Plasma Workspaces Development and Creative Workstation Available Groups: Cinnamon Compatibility Libraries Console Internet Tools Development Tools Educational Software Electronic Lab Fedora Packager General Purpose Desktop Graphical Administration Tools Haskell LXQt Desktop Legacy UNIX Compatibility MATE Milkymist Scientific Support Security Tools Smart Card Support System Administration Tools System Management TurboGears application framework Xfce Done /<code>
我們可以選擇自己喜歡的桌面環境，在這裡選擇安裝Xfce桌面：
<code>[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install epel-release && yum groupinstall Xfce /<code>
創建一個用戶
<code>[root@localhost ~]# useradd user1 [root@localhost ~]# echo '123456'|passwd --stdin user1 [root@localhost ~]# usermod -a -G wheel user1 /<code>
安裝VNC Server
在Centos倉庫默認提供的是TigerVNC安裝包，我們就安裝這個：
<code>[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install tigervnc-server tigervnc-server-module /<code>
切換到user1用戶，運行vncserver命令創建一個初始配置並設置密碼：
<code>[root@localhost ~]# su - user1 [user1@localhost ~]$ vncserver :2 You will require a password to access your desktops. Password: Verify: Would you like to enter a view-only password (y/n)? n A view-only password is not used New 'localhost.localdomain:2 (user1)' desktop is localhost.localdomain:2 Starting applications specified in /home/user1/.vnc/xstartup Log file is /home/user1/.vnc/localhost.localdomain:2.log /<code>
然後停止vncserver服務，目的就是創建密碼和.vnc下面的文件。
<code>[user1@localhost ~]$ vncserver -kill :2 /<code>
配置VNC Server
編輯用戶家目錄下面的.vnc/xstartup文件
<code>[user1@localhost ~]$ vim ~/.vnc/xstartup #!/bin/sh xrdb $HOME/.Xresources #xsetroot -solid grey #xterm -geometry 80x24+10+10 -ls -title "$VNCDESKTOP Desktop" & #twm & startxfce4 & /<code>
如果需要修改屏幕分辨率，可以修改~/.vnc/config文件，取消gemoetry前面的註釋。
<code>[user1@localhost ~]$ vim .vnc/config ## Supported server options to pass to vncserver upon invocation can be listed ## in this file. See the following manpages for more: vncserver(1) Xvnc(1). ## Several common ones are shown below. Uncomment and modify to your liking. ## # securitytypes=vncauth,tlsvnc # desktop=sandbox geometry=1920x1080 # localhost # alwaysshared /<code>
創建 Systemd Unit文件
Unit文件方便快速的啟動，停止，重啟服務
<code>[user1@localhost ~]$ sudo cp /usr/lib/systemd/system/vncserver@.service /etc/systemd/system/vncserver@:2.service /<code>
編輯vncserver@:2.service，替換文件裡面的為user1用戶, Type由默認的forking改為simple
<code>[user1@localhost ~]$ vim /etc/systemd/system/vncserver\@\:2.service [Unit] Description=Remote desktop service (VNC) After=syslog.target network.target [Service] Type=simple ExecStartPre=/bin/sh -c '/usr/bin/vncserver -kill %i > /dev/null 2>&1 || :' ExecStart=/usr/sbin/runuser -l user1 -c "/usr/bin/vncserver %i" PIDFile=/home/user1/.vnc/%H%i.pid ExecStop=/bin/sh -c '/usr/bin/vncserver -kill %i > /dev/null 2>&1 || :' [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target /<code>
啟動vncserver服務
<code>#重新加載管理器配置 [user1@localhost ~]$ sudo systemctl daemon-reload #啟動vncserver [user1@localhost ~]$ sudo systemctl start vncserver@:2 /<code>
在windows10客戶端打開VNC Viewer，輸入地址和會話端口號：
總結
如果需要將VNC服務器配置為多個用戶啟動顯示，請使用vncserver命令創建初始配置並設置密碼，然後使用其他端口創建新的服務文件。