特朗普政府更新学生签证政策,非法滞留行为将严格计算

USCIS- Unlawful Presence

5月11日,U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) 更新了计算非法滞留的政策

,这次只是针对学习签证持有人的,涉及到的签证类型包括F, J和M,包括主申请人及其持有陪同签证的家属

特朗普政府更新学生签证政策,非法滞留行为将严格计算

文件在这

https://www.uscis.gov/sites/default/files/USCIS/Outreach/Draft%20Memorandum%20for%20Comment/AccrualofUnlawfulPresenceFJMNonimmigrantsMEMO_v2.pdf

上次更新还是2009年的事,之前的文件在这

https://www.uscis.gov/ilink/docView/AFM/HTML/AFM/0-0-0-1/0-0-0-17138/0-0-0-18383.html

这次更新是配合特朗普政府的《加强美国境内公共安全政策》,来加强移民法的执行实施,这次更新的内容将在2018年8月9日开始正式生效。

关于上面提到的名词,USCIS是美国国土安全局下属部门,F签证是普通学生签证,J签证是交流访问学者签证,M签证是职业类学习签证。主申请人持“-1”,陪同家属(配偶和子女)持“-2”,例如:F-1, J-2

特朗普政府更新学生签证政策,非法滞留行为将严格计算

核心信息就不翻译了,原文看的更清楚

Individuals in F, J, and M status who failed to maintain their status before Aug. 9, 2018, will start accruing unlawful presence on that date based on that failure, unless they had already started accruing unlawful presence, on the earliest of any of the following:

-- The day after DHS denied the request for an immigration benefit, if DHS made a formal finding that the individual violated his or her nonimmigrant status while adjudicating a request for another immigration benefit;

-- The day after their I-94 expired; or

-- The day after an immigration judge or in certain cases, the Board of Immigration Appeals (BIA), ordered them excluded, deported, or removed (whether or not the decision is appealed).

Individuals in F, J, or M status who fail to maintain their status on or after Aug. 9, 2018, will start accruing unlawful presence on the earliest of any of the following:

-- The day after they no longer pursue the course of study or the authorized activity, or the day after they engage in an unauthorized activity;

-- The day after completing the course of study or program, including any authorized practical training plus any authorized grace period;

-- The day after the I-94 expires; or

-- The day after an immigration judge, or in certain cases, the BIA, orders them excluded, deported, or removed (whether or not the decision is appealed).

特朗普政府更新学生签证政策,非法滞留行为将严格计算

我来概括一下整个更新,对于学习类签证持有人,滞留审查和计算将更加严格。特朗普政府还是在驱赶更多非法停留在美国的人,咱们以前也提过签证审查加强了,总之对于生活在美国的人来说,肯定是个好事对于我们广大学生来说,基本没什么影响,少部分遇到被学校开除或者I20出问题的学生,一定要加强自己这方面的意识,一旦SEVIS系统里的状态停止,那么非法滞留的天数就开始累积。如果有疑问或者不确定,可以联系比邻主义留学来分析解决。

提到非法滞留有些人会觉得敏感又紧张,其实不用太担心,因为我们正常上学的话,根本遇不到这个问题。更新里也提到了一些例外,有兴趣可以好好翻一下,有个关系到很多学生的问题,在这提一句F1学生签证持有人可以在I20生效前30天内入境,这个30天不累积非法滞留天数

而且,F1学生还有Grace Period可以合理利用,我们来看一眼原文

During any additional grace period as permitted under 8 CFR 214.2(f)(5)(iv) to prepare for departure:

o 60 days following completion of a course of study and any authorized practical training;

o 15 days if the designated school official (DSO) authorized the withdrawal from classes (SEVIS termination reason: authorized early withdrawal); or

o No grace period if the F-1 nonimmigrant failed to maintain a full course of study without the approval of the DSO or otherwise failed to maintain status.

正常毕业或者OPT完成之后,都是有60天的停留福利的,可以收拾收拾东西,旅旅游。如果你有紧急的事情,正常和学校申请中止学业,也是有15天可以用来准备离境,这就是上面说的Authorized Early Withdrawal (AEW)。如果I20的终止是violated的,违反了规矩或者法律,导致的,那么在I20停掉的那天起,就开始计算非法滞留时间,并没有一点额外的时间用来准备离境。

特朗普政府更新学生签证政策,非法滞留行为将严格计算

那么,你估计很好奇,非法滞留会导致什么结果?

If an alien, other than an alien lawfully admitted for permanent residence, accrues unlawful presence in the United States, he or she may be inadmissible pursuant to section 212(a)(9)(B)(i) (Three-year and Ten-year bars) or 212(a)(9)(C)(i)(I) of the Act (Permanent bar).

1. 3年禁止申请入境:非法滞留时间超过180天,但是少于1年,在强制递解出境前主动离境。

2. 10年禁止申请入境:非法滞留时间达到1年或者更长的时间,自主动离境或递解出境之日起开始计算。

3. 永久禁止申请入境:非法滞留时间超过1年,并且在没有合法签证的情况下尝试进入美国。

非法滞留时间可以查吗?现在I94是可以在线查询出入境记录的,如果产生了非法滞留也是可以查到的,网站给你预备好了:https://i94.cbp.dhs.gov/I94/#/home

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