近日，外國Quora問答網站貼出一個問題：Why don't the Indians and Chinese of Silicon Valley build a better Silicon Valley in their own countries?（為什麼在硅谷的印度人和中國人不在自己國家建立一個更好的硅谷呢?），引起了國外網友熱議。
以下是Quora評論翻譯：
Han Ooi, Founder and CEO (2015-present)
If you read the book "Troublemakers", you would find the reason. Silicon Valley is special because it has many generations of companies that have succeeded and whose founders then coached the next generation of companies. An ecosystem of this scale took more than a whole human lifetime grow. In fact, many of the founders of Generation 2 Silicon Valley companies are either very old men or dead.
China's version is in Shenzhen but they are on a second generation of companies while Silicon Valley has something like 5 or 6 generations. Bangalore in India is on generation 2 at best.
So come back in 10 years time and we most likely will be on a third generation of Chinese and Indian companies. Then they will start rivaling Silicon Valley.
如果你讀過《Troublemakers》這本書，你就會找到原因。硅谷之所以特別，是因為它擁有好幾代成功的公司，它們的創始人隨後指導了下一代公司。一個如此規模的生態系統需要的不僅僅是一代人的努力來使其得以發展。事實上，硅谷第二代公司的許多創始人要麼年事已高，要麼已經去世。
中國版的硅谷在深圳，但它們屬於第二代公司，而硅谷的公司已經有五六代。印度的班加羅爾至多發展到第二代。
所以，10年後再說，中國和印度的公司很可能會進入第三代，然後他們將開始與硅谷競爭。
來源：三泰虎 http://www.santaihu.com/46054.html
Rahul Funde, Editor
India stands third after USA and UK for having highest number of tech startup. Second after USA for having healthcare startups. India might overtake UK by 2018 but USA never. India and UK sees around 5000 new startups every year but USA alone sees 68000.
印度在科技初創企業數量上排名第三，僅次於美國和英國。醫療初創企業僅次於美國。印度可能在2018年超過英國，但永遠不可能超越美國。印度和英國每年約有5000家新公司成立，但僅僅美國就有68000家。
USA alone contributes 13% of Healthcare startups as opposed to next country India's 4%.
僅美國就佔醫療初創企業的13%，而印度佔4%。
Now what's depressing for Indians is USA alone contributes to 12% startups of the world.
讓印度人沮喪的是，僅美國就佔全球初創企業的12%。
USA has money. The largest number of HNIs. An average startup valued at $10 mn as compared to India's 2.5. In simple words USA is rich. India is dirt poor.
美國有錢，擁有最龐大的高淨值人口。美國初創企業的平均估值為1000萬美元。而印度初創企業的平均估值只有250萬美元。簡言之，美國富有，而印度一貧如洗。
USA has top notch universities that has special startup programs to foster entrepreneurship at early age like MIT boot camp, Harvard Start-up. We have only 1 at IIM Kolkata. (Can be made)
美國有頂尖大學，設有專門的創業項目來培養早期的企業家精神，比如麻省理工學院，哈佛。而我們只有一所--加爾各答管理學院(能成為)。
USA has the environment that foster creativity. India doesn't. (Highly alarming) Indian society kills creativity in one or another way.
美國有培養創造力的環境，而印度沒有(非常令人擔憂)。印度社會以這樣或那樣的方式扼殺了創造力。
Other factors
USA has great infrastructure. India has lol.
USA has great banking structure. India has lol.
其它因素：
美國有很好的基礎設施，印度沒有。
美國有很好的銀行結構，印度沒有。
Inspire of all these lols, problems, poverty and the society that kills the creativity we still managed to be third in tech startups and 2nd in med tech.
That's good. But as they say Miles ahead we are miles ahead we will go.
儘管存在這些問題，貧窮的社會扼殺了創造力，但我們仍成功躋身科技初創企業第三名，在醫療科技初創企業中名列第二。
這就很不錯了，但正如他們所說的，前面要走的路還很長。
William Regan, Founder (2016-present)
The Chinese people have supposedly built a "Silicon Valley" in Shenzhen. While Shenzhen does have quite an impressive tech scene, I still don't think it really equals Silicon Valley as far as international effect is concerned. A lot of China's tech miracles are confined to their massive domestic market of over 1.4 billion consumers. Chinese tech companies are still having a difficult time localizing their operations, marketing, and products for overseas markets.
I suspect that many Indians find jobs in the USA because their prospects there aren't bad. Microsoft's CEO is Indian. I think Google's current CEO is also Indian. Pay and benefits will obviously exceed those in India.
Trump's harsh rhetoric towards foreigners may cause an impact, though. Most notable tech companies in the USA have vigorously opposed his immigration and visa policies — because they know how valuable these pools of foreign talent can be.
據說中國人在深圳建了一個"硅谷"。雖然深圳的科技產業的確令人印象深刻，但我仍然認為，就國際效應而言，深圳並不能和硅谷同日而語。中國的許多科技公司的成功都得益於其超過14億消費者的龐大國內市場。中國科技公司在海外市場的運營、營銷和產品本地化方面仍面臨困難。
我認為許多印度人在美國工作是因為在美國工作的前景不錯。微軟的CEO就是印度人，谷歌的現任CEO也是印度人。在美國的工資和福利待遇顯然比印度更好。
不過，特朗普對外國人的犀利言辭可能會造成某些影響。美國大多數著名科技公司都強烈反對其移民和簽證政策，因為他們瞭解這些外國人才的價值。
Shane Ryoo, Lives and works in Silicon Valley
They (India and China) are working on it. But Silicon Valley isn't something that can be built from above: it's something that grows over time and the efforts of many people. And once it exists, anything else is a cheap imitation unless it carves its own path and does its own thing.
There are cities in India and China which are much better at certain things than San Francisco or San Jose. But they're their own things.
他們(印度和中國)正在朝這方面努力。但硅谷並不是一日建成的：它是隨著時間的推移，經過很多人的努力而發展起來的。一旦它建成了，其他任何東西都是廉價的仿製品，除非它們開闢自己的道路，獨樹一幟。
印度和中國的一些城市在某些方面比舊金山和聖何塞好得多，擁有它們自己的特色。
Joe James, Lived and worked in Silicon Valley for over 25 years
They do. Have you heard of Bangalore? It's nickname is the Silicon Valley of India, which is a misnomer since it's not a valley and they don't do much IC fabrication there if any. But it got the nickname over 20 years ago as it became India's leading IT hub. Now Bangalore is home to tens of thousands of software engineers. They don't have the same level of startup activity as SV mainly because it takes a long time to build up the venture capital infrastructure.
Why don't Oklahomans build a better Silicon Valley in Oklahoma?
他們確實在這麼做。你聽說過班加羅爾嗎?它的暱稱是"印度的硅谷"，但這個稱呼並不恰當，因為班加羅爾既不是一個"山谷"也沒有很多集成電路製造公司。但在20多年前就有了這個綽號，由於它成為了印度領先的IT中心。現在班加羅爾是成千上萬軟件工程師的家園。他們沒有和硅谷一樣的創業活動水平，主要由於建立風險資本基礎設施需要很長時間。
為什麼俄克拉何馬州人不在俄克拉何馬州建一個更好的硅谷呢?
Aravind Akshan, lived in Silicon Valley
Si Valley is not something built overnight or in a decade - it is a phenomenon that attracts talent from all over the world to form what it is today.
There could be many such places attracting talents similarly, but in a different scale. Now, even if all the great people who contributed to Si Valley go to other countries and try to mimic it, it may not happen or if it happens it would take many decades to reach some scale.
硅谷不是一夜建成的，也不是十年建成的——它吸引了來自世界各地的人才，才造就了今天的硅谷。
類似能吸引人才的地方可能會有很多，但規模不同。現在，即使所有為硅谷做出貢獻的偉人都去了其他國家，並試圖仿建一個硅谷，它可能也不會實現，或者如果要實現，也需要幾十年才能達到一定規模。
Charles Neilsen, former Computer Science Professor.
Something you're missing is work ethic. I've had contract developers in India have to leave a phone call because it was 5:00. I regularly get emails from an Indian company soliciting software development work. One of the things the emails state as an attribute is, "Strict 9 to 5 work scheduling." Drive through Cupertino at night or on any Sunday and you'll see dozens of cars in parking lots. People working because they are enthralled in what they are doing. It's that dedication to the cause that made Silicon Valley, and the high tech world you live in what it is.
你們缺少的是職業道德。我在印度有合同開發人員，5點就下班了。我經常收到印度公司的電子郵件，詢問軟件開發工作。這類郵件都會帶這麼一句話"嚴格的朝九晚五工作安排"。"在晚上或任何一個週日開車經過庫比蒂諾（蘋果電腦的全球總公司所在地，位於美國舊金山），你都會在停車場看到幾十輛車。人們工作是因為他們沉迷於自己所做的事情，正是這種對事業的奉獻造就了硅谷以及你所生活的高科技世界。
Shuochen Huang (黃 碩琛), Snorlax
To some extent this has already happened.
By market cap, China already has two of the five largest internet companies in the world.
China also has most of the most highly valued "unicorns," private startups with valuations over $1 billion.
India is not quite there yet because its economy is still rather small compared with that of the US or China, but it has one of the fastest growing and most vibrant tech scenes in the developing world.
在某種程度上，這已經發生了。
按市值算，全球五大互聯網公司中國就佔了兩家。
中國還擁有大多數估值最高的"獨角獸"企業，即估值超過10億美元的私營初創企業。
印度還沒有完全實現這一目標，因為與美國或中國相比，印度的經濟規模仍相當小，但它擁有發展中國家中增長最快、最具活力的科技領域之一。
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