從句子結構上來說，句子有三種：簡單句、並列句和複合句。簡單句有一個主語或多個主語和一個謂語；一個主語和多個謂語。並列句是由並列連詞連接的兩個或 多個簡單句。複合句指的是含有兩個或更多的主謂結構的句子，其中有一個（或更多）主謂結構充當句子的某一（些）成分，如主語、賓語、表語、定語、狀語、同 位語等。主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句、同位語從句、定語從句和狀語從句都屬於複合句。
狀語從句
狀語從句 Adverbial Clause，從句用作狀語稱為狀語從句。根據用途，狀語從句可分為時間、地點、原因、條件、方式、讓步、結果、目的等狀語從句。
I. 時間狀語從句
時間狀語從句表示時間，常用的關聯詞有when, until, as, after, before, once, since, as long as, whenever等等。
例: 1) When you cross a main road, you must be careful.
2) He went out to play football after he had finished his homework.
3) Wait until you are called.
4) I can't recognize you. You are so changed since last we met.
5) He didn't go to school until he was eleven.
You can use my house as long as you are careful.
He is so terrible once he is drunk.
I listen to the radio while I walk every evening.
II. 地點狀語從句
地點狀語從句表示地點，常用的關聯詞有where, wherever, anywhere等。
例如：1) Put it where you found it.
2) Sit down wherever you like.
3) Anywhere she goes, he goes too.
III. 原因狀語從句
原因狀語從句表示原因或理由，常用的關聯詞有because, as, since, in case等。
1) I eat ice-cream so much because I like sweet food.
2) As I didn't know the way, I asked a policeman.
3) Since you won't help me, I'll ask someone else.
I'll take my raincoat in case it rains. (in case it rains = because it may rain)我將帶上雨衣，以防下雨。
IV. 條件狀語從句
條件狀語從句表示真實的或現實的條件，引導從句所用的關聯詞有if, unless, suppose, in case(that), in the event (that), as (so) long as等等。
1) If it snows tomorrow, we will build a snowman.
You'll be late, unless you hurry.
3) Suppose we are late, what will he say? (suppose從句必須放在主句之前) 我們如果遲到了，他會說什麼？
4) In the event that our team wins, there will be a party.
5) In case it rains, do not expect me. 如果下雨，就不要等我了。
6) He will do anything as(so) long as it is interesting. 只要好玩，他什麼都願意做。
V. 方式狀語從句
方式狀語從句表示動作的方式，回答How的問題，常用關聯詞as, as if, as though, the way(that), in the way(that)等引導，一般置於主語之後。
Do as I say. I did just as you told me. 照我說的去做。我就是照你說的去做的。
He acts as if/as though he is the owner. 他行為舉止好象是這兒的主人似的。
They did it in a way that I had never seen before. 他們以我從沒見過的方式行事。
I was never allowed to sing the way I wanted to. 我從未被允許用自己想用的方式唱歌。
VI. 讓步狀語從句
讓步狀語從句表示“雖然、儘管、即使”等概念，使句子具有對比的因素。常用的關聯詞有although, though, even if, even though, not that(=although…not)等，置於主語之前或後。
1) Although you feel very ill right now, this is still a common disease.
2) Though he has lived for years in London, he writes in French.
3) We intend to go U.S., even if air fares are expensive.
4) Even though fruits are good, you can't live with fruits only.
5) I'm OK now, not that I slept (although I did not sleep) very well last night.
VII. 結果狀語從句
結果狀語從句表示結果， 常由連詞so…that, such(a/an)…that, so that, such that等引導，置於主語之後。
She was so frightened about the dog that she cried.
The news worried him so much that he didn't sleep at all for the whole night.
He is such a wonderful joker that you can't help laughing.
They are such wonderful players that no one can beat them.
We arrived early, so that we got good seats.
The weather was such that I couldn't go out.
VIII. 目的狀語從句
目的狀語從句表示目的，回答what for或 for what purpose的問題，常用關聯詞so that, in order that等引導，一般置於主語之後。目的狀語從句中的謂語動詞常由“情態動詞+動詞原形”構成。
Ships carry lifeboats so that people can escape if the ship sinks.
They wrote the notice in several languages so that foreigners could understand it.
We carved their names on the stone in order that people should always remember them.
They risk their lives so that/in order that they may support their kids.
瞭解了狀語從句，我們來看看例題講解
１．I'll go with you as soon as I ____my work.
A.will finish B.shall finish C.finish D.finished
選Ｃ．在時間、條件狀語從句中，主句可能是祈使句、一般將來時或帶情態動詞，從句用一般現在時。如 果主句是過去將來時，從句可以用一般過去時。能夠引導時間狀語從句、條件狀語從句的從屬連接詞，常見的 有：when,until（directly,unless,as long as,suppose等。如：
（１）Unless he comes,we won't be able to go.
（２）Suppose it goes on raining,what shall we do?
（３）Lu Xun often said,"As long as I am alive,I shall go on studying."
２．No sooner_____the news than they rushed out into the street.
A.they heard B.they had heard C.did they hear D.had they heard
選Ｄ．no sooner…than,hardly… when,scarcely… before表示"—…就"，主句一般用過去完成時（h ad+V-ed），從句用一般過去時，如果hardly,no sooner, scarcely放句首，主謂倒裝。
３．Although he is considered a great writer,____(MET'91)
A.his works are not widely read B.but his works are not widelyread
C.however his works are not widely read D.still his works arenot widely read
選Ａ．這是一個讓步狀語從句，主句與從句之間有一個從屬連詞although(though)，不能再加but,howeve r,still等，但可以和yet連用。
４．No matter how hard he worked,____（８４年）
A.he could not do any better B.and he could not do any better
C.so he could do any bettes D.but he could not do any better
選Ａ．由no matter引導的讓步狀語從句，其主句也不能再用but,and,so等並列連接詞。
５．____he might,he failed,A.Try as B.As try C.Tried as D.As tried
選Ａ．為了強調讓步的意義，表示出非常強烈的對照，用as或though引導的讓步狀語從句，從句的語序要 作部分調整，即把句子受強調的表語、狀語或動詞原形置於從句的句首。如果表語是單數可數名詞，移置句首 時，名詞前不用冠詞。如：
（１）Much as I like it,I will not buy it.
（２）Child as she is,she knows a lot of English.
６．Did the two boys look so much alike____no one could tell them apart?
A.and B.that C.as D.so that
選Ｂ．目的狀語從句的表達："主＋謂＋that(so that,in order that)＋主＋may(might,can,could,sho uldn't等)＋謂"。
７．____Mr Smith is well again,he can travel.
A.Now that B.But that C.And that D.Since that
選Ａ．now that相當於since。表示原因狀語從句的連接詞常見的有because,as,since,now that,seeing that,considering that等。
８．It was____a hundred people looked lost in it.
A.so large a room that B.so large a room
C.such large a room that D.a such large room
選Ａ．引導結果狀語從句：so＋adj(adv)＋that從句so＋adj＋a(an)＋n＋that從句such＋a(an)＋adj＋n＋that從句，表示"這樣……（一個）……以至於……"。
９．The harder he worked,____he felt.
A.happier B.the happier C.the happy D.the happiest
選Ｂ．the＋比較級＋主＋謂，the＋比較級＋主＋謂，意思是"越…… 越……"。
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