赖特给青年建筑的14条建议(中英文对照)

弗兰克·劳埃德·赖特(Frank Lloyd Wright)1867年出生于美国威斯康星州,被誉为世界现代建筑四位大师之一(另外三位分别是:格罗皮乌斯、勒·柯布西耶、密斯·凡德·罗)。

在建筑界业内,赖特对于传统的重新解释,对于环境因素的重视,对于现代工业化材料的强调,特别是钢筋混凝土的采用,和一系列新的技术(比如空调的采用)。为以后的设计家们提供了一个探索的、非学院派和非传统的典范,他的设计方法也成为日后新探索的重要借鉴。

这14条建议是1931年Frank Lloyd Wright在芝加哥给青年所作讲座的一部分,并于1953年发表于时代周刊(The New York Times Magazine,October 4, 1953)。在讲座中,Wright抨击了当时的建筑业的抄袭现状以及教育的问题,最后则提出了这些建议。下面就和雅筑国际教育的小编来看看Wright给青年建筑师们的14条建议吧。

赖特给青年建筑的14条建议(中英文对照)

1. Forget the Architectures of the world except as something good in their way and time.

1、忘却世界上所有的建筑,除了在他们的方法和时代中一些美好的东西。

2. Do none of you go into Architecture to get a living unless you love architecture as a principle at work, for its own sake — prepared to be as true to it as to your mother, your comrade, or yourself.

2、 你们不要为了生计而从事建筑业, 除非你热爱建筑并成为工作的原则,为此——对它要像对你的母亲、你的同伴或你自己一样的真诚。

3. Beware of the Architectural school except as the exponent of engineering.

3、警惕建筑学院,除非他们作为工程学的倡导者。

4. Go into the field where you can see the machines and methods at work that make the modern buildings, or stay in construction direct and simple until you can work naturally into building-design from the nature of construction.

4、深入到那些你可以看到用来建造现代建筑的机器和工法是如何运作的现场中,或是直接并简单地留在工地上,直到你可以自然地从建造的本质中进行建筑的设计。

赖特给青年建筑的14条建议(中英文对照)

5. Immediately begin to form the habit of thinking “why” concerning any effects that please or displease you.

5、立即开始养成思考“为什么”的习惯,涉及所有会让你愉快或厌烦的影响。

6. Take nothing for granted as beautiful or ugly, but take every building to pieces, and challenge every feature. Learn to distinguish the curious from the beautiful.

6、不要把任何东西理所当然地视为美或丑的,而是把所有的建筑分成片段,并诘难每个特征。学会从美中辨识出奇。

7. Get the habit of analysis—analysis will in time enable synthesis to become your habit of mind.

7、养成分析的习惯——分析会及时地使综合成为你思维习惯。

8. “Think in Simples” as my old master used to say—meaning to reduce the whole to its parts in simplest terms, getting back to first principles. Do this in order to proceed from generals to particulars and never confuse or confound them or yourself be confounded by them.

8、“想简单点!”像是我的一位年长的导师常说的话——意即用最简单的形式把整体简化成为其部分,从而返回到最初的原则上。这样做,是为了进行从一般到特殊的过程,并永远不要将他们变得更加复杂或混乱,或是你自己被他们搅混。

赖特给青年建筑的14条建议(中英文对照)

9. Abandon as poison the American idea of the “quick turnover.” To get into practice “half-baked” is to sell out your birthright as an Architect for a mess of pottage, or to die pretending to be an Architect.

9、像毒药一般摒弃掉“快速周转”的美国思想。从事“不成熟”的实践是因小失大,出卖你与生俱来做建筑师的权利,或自命为一个建筑师而灭亡。

10. Take time to prepare. Ten years’ preparation for preliminaries to Architectural practice is little enough for any Architect who would rise “above the belt” in true Architectural appreciation or practice.

10、要花时间去准备。在建筑实践的初级阶段,任何建筑师想要在真正的建筑评价或实践中 “出类拔萃”,10年的准备依旧是不太够的。

11. Then go as far away as possible from home to build your first buildings. The physician can bury his mistakes—but the Architect can only advise his client to plant vines.

11、然后尽可能去离家远一些的地方来建造你的第一座房子。医生可以掩盖他的差错,但建筑师只能建议他的业主去种藤蔓了。

赖特给青年建筑的14条建议(中英文对照)

12. Regard it as just as desirable to build a chicken-house as to build a cathedral. The size of the project means little in Art, beyond the money-matter. It is the quality of character that really counts. Character may be large in the little or little in the large.

12、把建造一个鸡窝和建造一座教堂看成是一样悦人心意的。工程规模在艺术上的意义甚微,除了关乎钱的问题。真正有价值的是品质。品质可以小中见大也可以大中见小。

13. Enter no Architectural competition under any circumstances except as a novice. No competition ever gave to the world anything worth having in Architecture. The jury itself is a picked average. The first thing done by the jury is to go through all the designs and throw out the best and the worst ones so as an average, it can average upon an average. The net result of any competition is an average by the average of averages.

13、在任何情况下都不要参加建筑的竞赛,除非是一个初学者。从来没有一个竞赛给世界在建筑界上增添任何有价值的东西。评委会本身就是一个挑选后的平均产物。他们的第一件事情就是审视所有的设计,并把最好和最坏的作品剔除,从而成为一种平均,他们则在平均中选择平均。任何比赛的最终结果只是由许多平均的平均得来的一种平均。

14. Beware of the shopper for plans. The man who will not grubstake you in prospecting for ideas in his behalf will prove a faithless client.

14、警惕打听设计行情的人。这种人不愿资助你为他的利益去探索构思,这将表明他是个无信的委托人。

赖特给青年建筑的14条建议(中英文对照)

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