bring, take , fetch, get 這四個動詞都非常的相似,都用來表示“從一個地方移動物品到另一個地方”,都可以翻譯成“拿”。但是,這四個“拿”還是有一定的區別,區別主要在於說話人和要拿的物品的位置。
bring和take
bring和take可以說是一對難分難解的好兄弟,對於很多學生來說有時很難分辨到底用哪個詞?其實,最主要的區別就是說話人所處的位置(the location of the speaker)。很多人說看說話人和東西的位置,從那到這就是bring,從這到那就是take,基本上是對的;但是會有很多特殊的情況。
我總結了很簡單的規則:
A: bring到的地方是屬於說話人的“我的地方”(他正在這裡/將在這裡,或屬於他);
B: take到的地方不屬於說話人的“別的地方”(他現在/未來不在這,不屬於他)。
符合其中一個,就可以用相應的單詞。
我們看一些例子:
- I'm glad you brought me to this shop.(我很高興你帶我來這家商店。)
別人帶我到這商店,而我現在也在商店裡,符合A。
- The children will take their books to class.(孩子們會把書帶去課室)
課室也不是我的,我也不會在課室,符合B。
- The children will bring their books to class.(孩子們會帶著書來課室。)
教室屬於我的,或者我將會在那,可能我是老師,符合A。
- Shall I bring anything to the party?(我要不要帶些什麼來聚會?)
我問聽話人要不要帶東西,party可能是聽話人舉辦的,或者他已經在party,符合A。
- Shall I take anything to the party?(我要不要帶些什麼去聚會?)
我問聽話人要不要帶東西,而聽話人和我一樣只是去參加party的,我們不舉行party,我們也都不在party現場,符合B。
- I'll bring the map with me on the trip.(旅途中我會隨身帶著地圖)
說話人把旅途中的每一個去的地方當成自己的地方(將要到的地方),符合A。用bring更強調他已經帶到了現在說話的地方。
- I'll take the map with me on the trip.(旅途中我會隨身帶著地圖)
說話人單純說自己會帶地圖,可能會去一個說話人沒想到的很遠的地方,所以用take,符合B。用take更強調還會帶到別的更遠的地方。
- Jack took his laptop with him on his trip.(傑克一路上帶著他的筆記本電腦)
傑克帶著電腦,但是和說話人所處的地方沒有關係,所以用take,符合B。
- Jack bring his laptop with him on his trip.(傑克一路上帶著他的筆記本電腦)
傑克帶著電腦,但是路途中經過的某個地方屬於說話人,所以傑克剛好是把電腦帶來給了說話人,符合A。這樣說的情況也比較少,因為傑克的一路上不可能都經過說話人的地方。
bring over 和 bring by
當bring加上介詞over和by時,也有類似“帶來”的意思,我們直接看例句:
- Could you bring over the game when you come? (你來的時候可以給我帶一下那個遊戲嗎?)
- I'll bring the chairs by when I come on Saturday.(我星期六來的時候會順便把椅子帶來。)
get 和 fetch
當你要表達“去某個地方把東西拿回來”(go and bring it back ),你可以用get和fetch。其中get是美式英語,而fetch是英式英語。
- Could you get the newspaper? (你能去給我拿報紙過來嗎?)
- She fetched her diary and showed him the entry.(她去把她的日記拿來了給他看。)
bring,take,get三個動詞如果用在“動詞短語”(phrasal verb)裡面,他們的意思就會大相徑庭。動詞短語由一個動詞加一個介詞(preposition)構成,而這個介詞在這個動詞短語裡叫做“小品詞”(particle)。不同的小品詞,會完全改變動詞的意思。下面列舉一些這幾個動詞常用的動詞短語。
bring的短語
1.bring up = raise a child(養大小孩)
- She brought her child up on her own.(她自己一個把孩子帶大了。)
2.bring about = make happen(帶來了)
- The change in our strategy brought about immediate success.(我們戰略的改變帶來的立即的成功。)
3.bring through = keep safe (安全帶過)
- She brought her parents treasures through the fire.(她安全把她父母的珠寶帶出了火場。)
4.bring off = succeed in doing (實現,成功做)
- My sister brought off an incredible victory last weekend.(我妹妹上週末取得了難以置信的勝利。)
5.bring someone to = make someone to do something (讓某人做某事)
- I think she brought him to tears when she told him she wanted to break up.(當她和他說想分手的時候,我想她把他弄哭了。)
6.bring back = to restart an older tradition(恢復,回到,重拾)
- The fashion industry often brings back certain styles after a few decades.(時尚產業往往在幾十年後又重拾舊風格。)
get的短語
1.get across = make understood(讓...明白)
- I hope I got my point across to the students.(我希望我能讓學生明白我說的點)
2.get around = become well known(變得有名)
- She gets around and almost everybody knows her.(她出名了,幾乎所有人都認識她)
3.get by = make just enough money to pay the expenses(賺夠錢過活)
- Many people are finding it harder and harder to get by these days.(很多發現這些日子越來越難熬。)
4.get down = be depressed(沮喪)
- Sometimes find this job really gets me down.(有時候發現,這份工很讓我沮喪。)
5.get down to = start doing something(著手做...)
- Let's get down to business and finish the report.(開始做吧,完成這份報告。)
6.get through = finish doing something (做完了)
- We got through the tests with four As and two Bs.(我做完測試了,拿了四個A兩個B)
take的短語
1.take someone around = show someone something (帶某人到處看看)
- Let me take you around the house.(讓我帶你看看這屋)
2.take apart = to deconstruct something(拆開)
- I need to take apart the cupboards and make some repairs.(我要拆開這個櫃子,修一下。)
3.take down = remove something(弄走,撤掉)
- Could you take down that ugly painting?(你可以把這麼醜的畫弄走嗎?)
4.take in = provide room for (把某人算上)
- We could take you in for the weekend.(我們這週末把你算上了。)
5.take on = begin a new responsibility (承擔)
- She took on a new job.(她承擔一個新得工作。)
6.take up = begin learning something new (開始學)
- I'd like to take up a new hobby soon.(我想很快就開始學學新愛好。)
課後測驗
選詞填空,注意時態,還有介詞的用法。
1. Did you __________ your homework to class today?
bring,taken,fetch,get
2. How much money did you ______ with you when you went to Hawaii?
bring;take;fetch;get
3. Please ______ home some food for dinner tonight.
take;fetch;get;bring
4. I _____ my point across to him last night, so he decided to come with us.
brought;took;fetched;got
5. We don't need to _____ apart the computer. Let's just _____ it to the store.
take / bring;take / take;bring / fetch;get / take
6. Did you _____ off the performance at the concert last night?
bring;take;fetch;get
7. Have you ever _____ up a new hobby that changed your life?
brought;fetched;taken;got
8. Please go to the next room and _____ the newspaper. Thank you.
brink;take;fetch;get
9. I'll _____ the children by before I leave on the trip next week.
bring;take;fetch;get
10. Peter _____ me around the town last week and showed me all the sights.
brought;took;fetched;got
11. Alice has _____ around and made a number of friends over the past few months.
brought;taken;fetched;gotten(美) / got(英)
12. Let's begin the meeting. I'd like to _____ down to business and discuss the past quarter's sales.
bring;take;fetch;get
13. Could you please _____ down that ugly picture?
bring;take;fetch;get
14. Have you _____ through the book yet?
brought;taken;gotten(美) / got(英);fetched
15. Have you ever ______ up a child?
brought;gotten;taken;fetched
如果對上述題目答案有疑惑,可留意~
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