【觀察】觀察下列幾組句子中it的用法，然後加以總結。
1. a. It was for this very reason that Mr. Li came to work late this morning.
b. It was a professor from Peking University who / that gave us a speech yesterday.
2. a. It must be the naughty boys who are making so much noise.
b. It might have been at midnight that the traffic accident took place.
3. a. Is it in this factory that your father worked 20 years ago?
b. Was it on the bus that you had your cellphone stolen yesterday?
4. a. What is it that your boyfriend has bought you as a birthday present?
b. When and where was it that you met Jim for the first time?
5. a. It is simply because I like it that I do it.
b. It is what you do rather than what you say that matters.
6. a. I wonder what it is that has caused him to change his mind.
b. He asked me why it was that I hadn’t turned up at the party.
【總結】通過觀察以上例句，可將it的用法歸納如下：
★ 強調句型的基本句式是“It is / was +被強調部分+ that / who +句子的其餘部分”，它可以對句中除謂語動詞以外的成分加以強調。被強調部分指人時，用who或that；指事物時用that。（如第1組例句）
★ 在強調結構中，be前可使用表示推測的情態動詞。（如第2組例句）
★ 強調句型的一般疑問句形式是：Is / Was it +被強調部分+ that / who +句子的其餘部分。（如第3組例句）
★ 強調句型的特殊疑問句形式是：疑問詞+ is / was it that +句子的其餘部分。（如第4組例句）
★ 強調句型也可強調狀語從句、名詞性從句等。（如第5組例句）
★ 強調句型的特殊疑問句形式還常出現在賓語從句中。（如第6組例句）
【拓展】
★ 強調主語時，謂語動詞應與之保持一致。如：
It is I who am to go there together with you.
★ 如果被強調的是not ... until引導的時間狀語（從句），用It is / was not until ... that ...結構。注意：此時not until不能分開。如：
It was not until I had finished all my homework that I went to bed last night.
★ 注意不要混淆強調句和定語從句：It is / was ... that ... 為強調句標誌，去掉後仍可組成一個完整的句子；定語從句不具備這一特徵。比較：
It was at ten o’clock that my husband got home last night.（強調句） = My husband got home last night at ten o’clock.
It was ten o’clock when my husband got home last night.（when引導定語從句）
I. 用強調句型改寫下面劃線部分所在句子/ 分句（對劃線部分內容進行強調）。
We spend 36 minutes every day worrying, a study has revealed. ①Often the high cost of living and feeling out of shape are the causes. Researchers discovered that extreme anxiety means many people are unable to concentrate on their work and have to endure sleepless nights.
②It’s interesting that people care about gaining weight and petrol prices most of all. The survey found three in ten became depressed due to their worrying and ③one in ten admitted because of their worrying their relationship with their kids was affected.
1. __________________________________________________________________
2. ___________________________________________________________________
3. ___________________________________________________________________
II. 根據漢語意思運用強調結構補全下面句子。
1. 三個星期以後他才聽到這個消息。
_________________________ he heard the news.
2. 他在會上說的話讓我很生氣。
_________________________ made me really angry.
3. 是彼得借錢給我們的。
_________________________ lent us the money.
4. 他們準備去的是西班牙，不是法國。
_________________________ they’re going to, not France.
5. 直到去年夏天我才接到她的來信。
_________________________ I heard from her.
6. 你昨天是在哪裡碰到露西的？
_________________________ you met Lucy yesterday？
答案
I.
1. It is often the high cost of living and feeling out of shape that are the causes.
2. It’s interesting that it is gaining weight and petrol prices that people care about most of all.
3. one in ten admitted it was because of their worrying that their relationship with their kids was affected
II.
1. It was three weeks’ later that
2. It was what he said at the meeting that
3. It was Peter who / that
4. It’s Spain that
5. It was not until last summer that
6. Where was it that
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