2月2日，國家衛健委高級別專家組組長鍾南山院士接受總檯央視記者專訪，釋放了一些有關疫情防控的新信息，值得我們關注。
截至2月2日24時，國家衛生健康委收到31個省（自治區、直轄市）和新疆生產建設兵團累計報告確診病例17205例，現有重症病例2296例，累計死亡病例361例，累計治癒出院病例475例，共有疑似病例21558例。
鍾南山表示：“確診數量現在是升高，可能還會持續一段時間，但是我相信不會太長。”
"The growth of confirmed cases will continue for a while," Chinese respiratory expert Zhong Nanshan said in an interview with CCTV on Sunday. "But I believe it won't be too long."
During the interview, the renowned expert also answered other critical questions that have caused public concern regarding the current outbreak of the novel coronavirus.
1. 要關注糞-口傳播 | Fecal-oral transmission
據報道，2月1日，深圳市第三人民醫院肝病研究所發現，在某些新型冠狀病毒感染的肺炎確診患者的糞便中檢測出新型冠狀病毒核酸呈陽性。中科院武漢病毒研究所也在患者的大便和肛拭子中發現病毒核酸。
鍾南山解釋說，“我們正在努力看能不能分離出病毒。現在還在檢測，需要時間。但是在糞便裡發現有核酸陽性的話，還是需要高度關注的。只要真的分離出病毒，那麼糞-口傳播的可能性就會增加。”
有記者提問——分離出核酸和分離出病毒有何區別？
鍾南山：分離出病毒就是有活病毒，核酸就是核酸。要是分離出病毒，說明糞便裡有生存的冠狀病毒，那問題就更大了。
There has been a new concern that the novel coronavirus may be spread by fecal-oral transmission. Zhong said that doctors are keeping a close eye on whether feces can carry the contagion.
"It is true that some patients have tested positive for nucleic acid in their feces," he said, adding that the likelihood of fecal-oral transmission will increase if there is a virus isolated from feces.
Zhong explained the difference between the isolation of the virus and nucleic acid. He said that nucleic acids are sequences of viruses, isolating nucleic acid from feces doesn't necessarily mean that there is a virus in the feces.
"The isolation of the virus means there is a living virus in patients' feces," Zhong said. "We will be facing a bigger problem (if there is a virus isolated from patients' feces)."
2. 病死率比H7N9等低，但比普通流感高 | Mortality rate
鍾南山：到2月2日，確診病例病死率大概是2.3%、2.4%。因為患者集中，武漢病死率要高於外地，但不應該因病死率低就放鬆警惕。
總的來說，與H7N9、MERS、H5N1相比，病死率相對低，但比普通的流感要高。
Zhong told CCTV that up to now, the mortality rate of confirmed cases is about 2.3 to 2.4 percent, and the mortality rate in Wuhan is higher than in other places because of the concentration of patients.
The expert said that the mortality rate of the novel coronavirus pneumonia is lower than H7N9, MERS, and H5N1, but higher than regular flu.
"We shouldn't let our guard down because of the relatively low mortality rate," he said.
3. 無症狀感染者應如何防控？| Asymptomatic infection cases
鍾南山：無症狀感染者不是很多，但是有。這些人絕大多數與確診病人接觸過，或有武漢接觸史才去做檢測。有報道稱，個別無症狀感染者可以自己治癒，也有個別無症狀感染者可以傳染給別人。所以只要檢測是核酸陽性，就一定要隔離，要重視這個問題。
"We don't have many asymptomatic infection cases," said Zhong, adding that most of these cases took tests because they had contacted confirmed patients or had been to Wuhan.
"There were reports that some asymptomatic infection cases can self-cure and some are infectious," the expert said, emphasizing if a person's nucleic acid test is positive, quarantine is necessary.
4. 如何正確使用口罩？| How to wear masks efficiently?
鍾南山：普通群眾很少用N95口罩，也不需要，普通外科口罩就可以。只要有公眾集會的地方應該考慮戴，但不是任何地方都戴。你去球場，人沒有多少，用不著戴。
口罩沒必要每次換著用，一般是4個小時。口罩只要保護得好，把貼臉的那一面疊起來，脫口罩時手不要沾它，這樣放的話就可以繼續用。
The expert suggested the general public to wear masks if inside of epidemic areas and in public places where people are gathering.
"But you don't have to wear it everywhere, for example, if you went to a court with few people, then wearing a mask is not necessary," said Zhong.
Zhong said that normally, people don't have to wear N95 masks, regular surgical masks are good enough.
"You don't have to change to a new mask every time," the expert suggested. "If you can protect it well – folding the cheek side in and not touching it when taking it off – then you can continue to wear the mask."
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