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今天我們接著來看第86課的“每課一句”。
一、課文原文
Lesson 86 Out of control
As the man tried to swing the speedboat round, the steering wheel came away in his hands. He waved desperately to his companion, who had been water skiing for the last fifteen minutes. Both men had hardly had time to realize what was happening when they were thrown violently into the sea. The speedboat had struck a buoy, but it continued to move very quickly across the water. Both men had just begun to swim towards the shore, when they noticed with dismay that the speedboat was moving in a circle. It now came straight towards them at tremendous speed. In less than a minute, it roared past them only a few feet away. After it had passed, they swam on as quickly as they could because they knew that the boat would soon return. They had just had enough time to swim out of danger when the boat again completed a circle. On this occasion, however, it had slowed down considerably. The petrol had nearly all been used up. Before long, the noise dropped completely and the boat began to drift gently across the water.
——選自《新概念英語》第二冊，外語教學與研究出版社，1997年10月第1版
二、每課一句
Both men had hardly had time to realize what was happening when they were thrown violently into the sea.
Both men had just begun to swim towards the shore, when they noticed with dismay that the speedboat was moving in a circle.
They had just had enough time to swim out of danger when the boat again completed a circle.
作者在文章中連續三次使用了表“一...就...”的句型：
... sb. / sth. had hardly / just / scarcely / rarely done ... when ... sb. / sth. did ...
如此使用，主要是為了凸顯當時情況的緊急和危急。
需要注意的是：
hardly等否定副詞所在的主句動詞采用的是過去完成時，而when所在的從句動詞采用的是一般過去時。
類似的表“一...就...”的句型還有：
1、... sb. / sth. had no sooner done ... than ... sb. / sth. did ...。如：
Both men had no sooner had time to realize what was happening than they were thrown violently into the sea.
2、the moment / minute / second + 從句。如果表過去，該從句中的動詞多用一般過去時。如：
The moment both men began to swim towards the shore, they noticed with dismay that the speedboat was moving in a circle.
3、immediately / directly +從句。如果表過去，該從句中的動詞多用一般過去時。如：
Directly they had enough time to swim out of danger, the boat again completed a circle.
三、更多拓展
He waved desperately to his companion, who had been water skiing for the last fifteen minutes.
注意句中的who引導的是非限定性定語從句。
之所以採用非限定性的定語從句，而不是限定性定語從句，是因為該從句所修飾的先行詞his companion具有唯一性，因為課文中提到的“He”當時只有一個同伴。
此外，要注意該定語從句的謂語動詞采用的是過去完成進行時，這是因為作者要強調的是，在意外發生之前的15分鐘時間裡，“he”的同伴一直在滑水。
如果覺得好，歡迎繼續關注廖懷寶的頭條號“新概念英語的教與學”！
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