.NET CORE(C#) WPF簡單菜單MVVM綁定技术頭條網

.NET CORE(C#) WPF簡單菜單MVVM綁定

閱讀導航

本文背景
代碼實現
本文參考
源碼

1. 本文背景

WPF中垂直導航菜單大家應該都常用，本文介紹使用MVVM的方式怎麼綁定菜單，真的很簡單。

2. 代碼實現

使用 .Net Core 3.1 創建名為 “MenuMVVM” 的WPF模板項目，添加兩個Nuget庫：MaterialDesignThemes和MaterialDesignColors。

解決方案目錄結構（這次失誤，未截圖，網站可以查看）：

2.1 引入MD控件樣式

文件【App.xaml】，在StartupUri中設置啟動的視圖【Views/MainView.xaml】，並在【Application.Resources】節點增加MD控件4個樣式文件

<code><application>             xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
             xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
             StartupUri="Views/MainView.xaml">
    <application.resources>
        <resourcedictionary>
            <resourcedictionary.mergeddictionaries>
                <resourcedictionary>
                <resourcedictionary>
                <resourcedictionary>
                <resourcedictionary>
            /<resourcedictionary.mergeddictionaries>
        /<resourcedictionary>
    /<application.resources>
/<application>
/<code>

2.2 Models

兩個簡單的菜單實體類：

2.2.1 菜單新文件信息

文件【ItemCount.cs】，定義菜單項右側的新文件顯示個數及顯示背景色：

<code>using System.Windows.Media;

namespace MenuMVVM.Models
{
    public class ItemCount
    {
        public Brush Color { get; private set; }
        public int Value { get; private set; }

        public ItemCount(Brush color, int value)
        {
            Color = color;
            Value = value;
        }
    }
}/<code>

2.2.2 菜單項信息

文件【MenuItem.cs】，定義菜單項展示的名稱、圖片、新文件信息：

<code>using MaterialDesignThemes.Wpf;
using System;

namespace MenuMVVM.Models
{
    public class MenuItem
    {
        public String Name { get; private set; }
        public PackIconKind Icon { get; private set; }
        public ItemCount Count { get; private set; }

        public MenuItem(String name, PackIconKind icon, ItemCount count)
        {
            Name = name;
            Icon = icon;
            Count = count;
        }
    }
}/<code>

其中菜單項圖標使用MD控件自帶的字體圖標庫，通過枚舉【PackIconKind】可以很方便的使用，該庫提供的字體圖標非常豐富，目前有4836個（枚舉值有7883個），下面是最後幾個：

<code>//
// 摘要:
//     List of available icons for use with MaterialDesignThemes.Wpf.PackIcon.
//
// 言論：
//     All icons sourced from Material Design Icons Font - https://materialdesignicons.com/
//     - in accordance of https://github.com/Templarian/MaterialDesign/blob/master/license.txt.
public enum PackIconKind
{
    .
    .
    .
    ZodiacPisces = 4832,
    HoroscopePisces = 4832,
    ZodiacSagittarius = 4833,
    HoroscopeSagittarius = 4833,
    ZodiacScorpio = 4834,
    HoroscopeScorpio = 4834,
    ZodiacTaurus = 4835,
    HoroscopeTaurus = 4835,
    ZodiacVirgo = 4836,
    HoroscopeVirgo = 4836
}/<code>

2.3 ViewModels

文件【MainViewModel.cs】，只定義了簡單的幾個屬性：窗體展示Logo、菜單綁定列表。屬性定義比較簡單，因為視圖MainView.xaml展示內容不多：

<code>using MaterialDesignThemes.Wpf;
using MenuMVVM.Models;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Windows.Media;

namespace MenuMVVM.ViewModels
{
    public class MainViewModel
    {
        public string Logo { get; set; }
        public List<menuitem> LeftMenus { get; set; }
        public MainViewModel()
        {
            Logo = "https://img.dotnet9.com/logo-foot.png";

            LeftMenus = new List<menuitem>(); 

            LeftMenus.Add(new MenuItem("圖片", PackIconKind.Image, new ItemCount(Brushes.Black, 2)));
            LeftMenus.Add(new MenuItem("音樂", PackIconKind.Music, new ItemCount(Brushes.DarkBlue, 4)));
            LeftMenus.Add(new MenuItem("視頻", PackIconKind.Video, new ItemCount(Brushes.DarkGreen, 7)));
            LeftMenus.Add(new MenuItem("文檔", PackIconKind.Folder, new ItemCount(Brushes.DarkOrange, 9)));
        }
    }
}/<menuitem>/<menuitem>/<code>

2.4 Views

文件【MainView.xaml】作為唯一的視圖，只有31行佈局代碼，顯示了一個Logo、菜單列表：

<code><window>        xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
        xmlns:materialDesign="http://materialdesigninxaml.net/winfx/xaml/themes"
        xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
        xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
        xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
        mc:Ignorable="d"
        Title="Dotnet9" Height="600" Width="1080" Background="#FF36235F" MouseLeftButtonDown="Window_MouseLeftButtonDown"
        WindowStyle="None" ResizeMode="NoResize" WindowStartupLocation="CenterScreen">
    <grid>
        <stackpanel>
            <grid>
                <image>
            /<grid>
            <listview>
                <listview.itemtemplate>
                    <datatemplate>
                        <stackpanel>
                            <packicon>
                            <textblock>
                            <grid>
                                <rectangle>
                                <textblock>
                            /<grid>
                        /<stackpanel>
                    /<datatemplate>
                /<listview.itemtemplate>
            /<listview>
        /<stackpanel>
    /<grid>
/<window>/<code>

文件【MainView.xaml.cs】作為視圖【MainView.xaml】的後臺，綁定ViewModel,並實現鼠標左鍵拖動窗體功能：

<code>using MenuMVVM.ViewModels;
using System.Windows;

namespace MenuMVVM.Views
{
    /// <summary>
    /// 演示主窗體，只用於簡單的綁定ListView控件
    /// /<summary>
    public partial class MainView : Window
    {
        public MainView()
        {
            this.DataContext = new MainViewModel();
            InitializeComponent();
        }

        private void Window_MouseLeftButtonDown(object sender, System.Windows.Input.MouseButtonEventArgs e)
        {
            DragMove();
        }
    }
}/<code>