新冠肺炎疫情發生以來，不僅中國人民的生命安全和身體健康面臨重大威脅，全球公共衛生安全也面臨重大挑戰。面對嚴峻考驗，在以習近平同志為核心的黨中央堅強領導下，中國人民團結奮戰、同舟共濟，用中國力量、中國精神、中國效率贏得了世界的普遍認同與讚賞，為全球公共衛生事業作出了重要貢獻，生動踐行了構建人類命運共同體的價值理念。
為了幫助國際社會更好地瞭解中國人民抗疫鬥爭，為全球公共衛生治理提供參考借鑑，當代中國與世界研究院、中國翻譯研究院聯合中國外文局融媒體中心策劃編寫了《中國關鍵詞：抗擊新冠疫情篇》，從中央決策、政策部署、具體舉措、疫情發展、國際援助和人物案例等六個方面，解讀中國打贏疫情防控阻擊戰、攜手應對全球挑戰的擔當與行動。
本篇選取80個關鍵詞進行闡釋和解讀，同時納入中國翻譯研究院重點翻譯項目統籌工作機制，譯為英、法、俄、西、阿、日、韓等語種，以多語種、多媒體、多渠道方式對外發布。第二批28條詞彙中英文對照版如下。（第一批24條詞彙中英文對照版請點擊：必備口筆譯素材！《中國關鍵詞：抗擊新冠肺炎疫情篇》雙語發佈）
《中國關鍵詞：抗擊新冠肺炎疫情篇》
Key Words to Understand China: The Fight Against COVID-19
第二批詞條（28條）
一、中央決策
Decisions by the Central Leadership
1. 疫情防控要堅持全國一盤棋
在2020年2月3日召開的中共中央政治局常委會會議上，習近平指出，疫情防控要堅持全國一盤棋。
堅持全國一盤棋，首先要加強黨中央集中統一領導。各級黨委和政府必須堅決服從黨中央統一指揮、統一協調、統一調度，做到令行禁止。各地區各部門必須增強大局意識和全局觀念，堅決服從中央應對疫情工作領導小組及國務院聯防聯控機制的指揮，採取舉措既考慮本地區本領域防控需要，也考慮對重點地區、對全國防控的影響。
疫情發生以來，在以習近平同志為核心的黨中央統一領導、統一指揮下，各地區各部門各司其職、協調聯動，緊急行動、全力奮戰。全國各地調派醫務人員，迅速集結、馳援武漢；建設者日夜奮戰，迅速建成武漢火神山醫院；軍隊高效投送疫情防控物資，抽調醫護人員參加醫療救治；企業加班加點，最大限度生產疫情防控物資供全國統一調度。正如世界衛生組織總幹事譚德塞所說，“中方行動速度之快、規模之大，世所罕見”。這充分證明，堅持全國一盤棋，調動各方面積極性，集中力量辦大事，是中國打贏疫情防控阻擊戰的有力保證，彰顯了中國國家制度和國家治理體系的顯著優勢。
Coordinated National Response in Epidemic Prevention and Control
At the meeting held on February 3, 2020 by the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee, Xi Jinping instructed that there should be a coordinated national response in epidemic prevention and control.
To ensure a coordinated national response, the centralized and unified leadership of the CPC Central Committee must be strengthened. Party committees and governments at all levels must resolutely follow the unified command, coordination and deployment of the CPC Central Committee, and ensure strict enforcement of orders. All localities and government departments must think in big-picture terms and take a holistic perspective, and resolutely obey the command of the Central Leading Group for COVID-19 Prevention and Control and the Joint Prevention and Control Mechanism of the State Council. When devising epidemic control measures, they should take into account both the needs of their areas and sectors and the potential impacts on key regions and the whole nation.
Since the outbreak of the epidemic, under the unified leadership and command of the CPC Central Committee with Xi Jinping at its core, various localities and government departments have performed their duties, coordinated efforts, taken joint actions, and acted promptly with all their strength. A large number of medical workers from all over the country assembled and rushed to the rescue of Wuhan. By working non-stop shifts, thousands of builders raced against the clock and completed the Huoshenshan Hospital in 10 days. The PLA efficiently delivered anti-epidemic materials and dispatched medical personnel to join the rescue. The manufacturers operated at full capacity to maximize the production of materials for national unified distribution.
As WHO Director-General Tedros Adhanom said, “The speed with which China detected the outbreak, isolated the virus, sequenced the genome, and shared it with WHO and the world are very impressive, and beyond words.”
All of these have fully proved that by ensuring a coordinated national response, China can arouse the enthusiasm of all parties and concentrate resources on major initiatives. This forms a strong guarantee for the country to win the war against the novel coronavirus, and also demonstrates great strengths of China’s state institutions and governance system.
2. 確保受贈財物全部及時用於疫情防控
疫情發生以來，湖北和武漢等地陸續收到來自國內外的大量捐贈。為了確保這些捐贈財物及時發揮應有作用，2020年2月5日，習近平在主持召開中央全面依法治國委員會第三次會議時指出，受贈財物必須全部及時用於疫情防控。這一要求，是黨中央從立法、執法、司法、守法各環節發力，全面提高依法防控、依法治理能力，為疫情防控工作提供有力法治保障的具體體現。
相關法律規定是貫徹落實這一原則的遵循和依據。比如，按照法律規定，受贈人應當將接受捐贈財物的情況以及受贈財物的使用、管理情況，採取不同方式真實、完整、及時公開信息；對於接受的救助災害的捐贈財產，應當及時用於救助活動；慈善組織應當積極開展慈善活動，充分、高效運用慈善財產。此外，法律還規定，受贈方要接受政府和社會的監督，在公益慈善活動中違反法律規定的，應當依法承擔法律責任。
All Donations to Be Used for Epidemic Control Without Delay
Since the outbreak of the epidemic, Wuhan and other places in Hubei have received a large number of donations from around the world. At a meeting of the Commission for Comprehensive Law-based Governance of the CPC Central Committee on February 5, Xi Jinping pointed out that the donated property must all be used without delay for epidemic control to fulfill the wishes of the kind donors. This reflects the CPC Central Committee’s efforts in enhancing legislation, law enforcement, judicial justice, and observation of the law to provide a strong legal guarantee for epidemic prevention and control.
According to the Chinese law, the donee shall promptly make public the true information about all the donations received and the use and management of the donated property, and distribute the property for disaster relief without delay; and the charities shall use the donation to fund charity activities, fully and efficiently. The law also stipulates that the donee shall be subject to government and public scrutiny, and the law violators in charity activities shall be held accountable.
3. 武漢勝則湖北勝，湖北勝則全國勝
湖北和武漢是疫情防控的重中之重，是打贏疫情防控阻擊戰的決勝之地。2020年2月10日，習近平在視頻連線武漢市重症患者收治醫院時指出，武漢勝則湖北勝，湖北勝則全國勝。
疫情發生以來，以習近平同志為核心的黨中央始終牽掛湖北和武漢的抗疫工作。習近平兩次主持召開中央政治局常委會會議，對疫情防控工作進行專題研究，強調湖北省要把疫情防控工作作為當前的頭等大事，並對湖北和武漢做好疫情防控工作作出部署安排。黨中央派中央指導組到武漢，全面加強疫情防控第一線工作的指導，同湖北人民和武漢人民並肩作戰。全國共有40000多名醫務人員馳援湖北，其中馳援武漢的就有35000多名。實踐證明，穩住了湖北和武漢的疫情，也就穩住了全國大局。
If Wuhan Wins, Hubei Wins. If Hubei Wins, the Whole Country Wins.
Wuhan and Hubei are the top priorities in China’s epidemic prevention and control, and the main battlefield of the war against the virus. On February 10, in a video call with a hospital in Wuhan which treats severe cases, Xi Jinping pointed out, “If Wuhan wins, Hubei wins. If Hubei wins, the whole country wins.”
Since the outbreak of the epidemic, the CPC Central Committee with Xi Jinping at its core has been concerned about the anti-epidemic work in Hubei and Wuhan. Xi has chaired more than one meeting of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee to study and discuss epidemic prevention and control. He emphasized that Hubei must put epidemic prevention and control at the top of the agenda. He also made deployments for Hubei and Wuhan in their combat of the virus.
The CPC Central Committee has sent the Central Guiding Team to Wuhan to comprehensively strengthen guidance on the front line, and to fight side by side with the people of Wuhan and other parts of Hubei province. More than 40,000 medical workers from all over the country came to assist Hubei, about 35,000 of whom worked in Wuhan. Practices have proved that the situation of the whole country will become stabilized if the epidemic in Wuhan and Hubei is put under control.
二、政策部署
Anti-Epidemic Guidelines and Arrangements
1. 集中患者、集中專家、集中資源、集中救治
2020年1月25日，中共中央政治局常委會專題會議強調，要按照“集中患者、集中專家、集中資源、集中救治”的原則，將重症病例集中到綜合力量強的定點醫療機構進行救治，同時及時收治所有確診病人。
集中患者、集中救治，是防控疫情擴散和對確診患者有效治療的重要手段。集中患者既可以同步進行醫學觀察和治療，方便資源調配，儘早治療，避免輕症拖成重症，還可以防止正常人群的交叉感染。湖北響應中央要求，對“四類人員”集中收治，精準掌握確診患者數、疑似患者數、發熱門診有症狀患者數、密切接觸人員中有症狀患者數，以及各醫院、隔離點、方艙可用床位數、已用床位數、剩餘床位數等，確保動態數據準確無誤。
集中專家、集中資源，是應對疫情的重要措施。中央通過從全國調集醫療資源支援武漢重症患者醫療救治，整建制接管新的重症患者收治病區等措施手段，以及在此基礎上建立院士巡診、多學科綜合治療、整體護理等一系列制度，確保重症患者科學救治。
Treating the Infected in Dedicated Facilities by Senior Medical Professionals from All Over the Country and with All Necessary Resources
The meeting held on January 25 by the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee laid down a guiding principle of “treating the infected in dedicated facilities by senior medical professionals from all over the country and with all necessary resources.” Severe cases must be gathered into designated medical institutions with strong treatment capabilities, and all confirmed cases must be received by hospitals without delay.
Gathering the patients for medical treatment is an important means to prevent the spread of the epidemic and to provide effective treatment to confirmed cases. With the infected people being received in dedicated facilities, medical observation and treatment can be carried out at the same time, which can highly facilitate the allocation of resources. Also, patients can get treatment as early as possible, thus reducing the possibility of deterioration. Plus, gathering the patients together can prevent cross-infection among healthy people.
Following this guiding principle made by the CPC Central Committee, Hubei has gathered the four groups of people: confirmed cases, suspected cases, febrile patients and close contacts. This has made it possible to accurately learn of the number of confirmed cases, suspected cases, symptomatic cases in fever clinics, and symptomatic cases in close contacts. It is also possible to get accurate information about the number of beds available, occupied or vacant in relevant hospitals, isolation centers and temporary treatment centers.
Assembling medical experts and concentrating all necessary resources are important measures to deal with the epidemic. Medical materials from all over the country have been collected to help Wuhan treat severe cases, and new medical institutions in the city that are designated to receive severe patients have been taken over wholly by appointed medical teams. On this basis, an array of working mechanisms such as academician visits, multidisciplinary comprehensive treatment and holistic nursing have been established, ensuring that severe cases can receive science-based treatment.
2. 著力做好重點地區疫情防控工作
中共中央政治局常務委員會2020年2月3日召開會議，習近平主持會議並強調，要著力做好重點地區疫情防控工作。只有集中力量把重點地區的疫情控制住了，才能從根本上儘快扭轉全國疫情蔓延局面。要重點抓好防治力量的區域統籌，堅決把救治資源和防護資源集中到抗擊疫情第一線，優先滿足一線醫護人員和救治病人需要。
湖北省特別是武漢市等重點地區的疫情防控，是全國疫情防控的重中之重。穩住了湖北疫情，就穩定了全國大局。著力做好重點地區的疫情防控工作，既是廣大湖北人民特別是病患和家屬的迫切期望，也是防控疫情蔓延擴散的必然要求。
會議指出，湖北省特別是武漢市要進一步完善和加強防控，嚴格落實早發現、早報告、早隔離、早治療措施，加強疫情監測，集中救治患者，對所有密切接觸人員採取居家醫學觀察，完善和強化防止疫情向外擴散的措施。各地區要壓實地方黨委和政府責任，強化社區防控網格化管理，採取更加周密精準、更加管用有效的措施，防止疫情蔓延。做好重點地區疫情防控工作，醫治患者是化解存量，防控蔓延是防止增量，這是做好重點地區疫情防控的一套組合拳。
Key Regions: Focus of Epidemic Control
On February 3, the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee held a meeting to study and discuss the issue of epidemic control. Xi Jinping chaired the meeting and underscored key regions as the focus of epidemic control. Only by concentrating efforts to control the epidemic in key regions can China fundamentally curb the spread of the virus across the country as soon as possible. It is highly necessary to coordinate regional resources, concentrate treatment and protective resources to the front line, and ensure the needs of frontline medical personnel and the patients as a matter of priority.
Hubei province, especially Wuhan and other key regions, are the top priorities of the nationwide war against the novel coronavirus. The situation of the whole country will become stabilized if the epidemic in Wuhan and Hubei is put under control. Making greater efforts to control the epidemic in key regions echoes the urgent wishes of the people in Hubei, especially patients and their families. It is also a must to contain the virus.
The meeting pointed out that Hubei province, especially the city of Wuhan, should further improve and tighten their control, strictly implement the principle of “early detection, early reporting, early isolation and early treatment,” strengthen epidemic monitoring, gather the patients for medical treatment, require all close contacts to stay at home for medical observation, and apply effective measures to prevent the spread of the epidemic.
The meeting required that local Party committees and governments must fully take on their responsibilities, strengthen community grid management, and take more thorough, more targeted and more effective measures to contain the outbreak.
Treating the patients on the one hand and blocking the virus from spreading on the other hand – these two together contribute to effective containment of the epidemic.
3. 全力以赴救治患者，保障醫療防護物資供應
中共中央政治局常委會2020年2月3日召開會議強調，要全力以赴救治患者，保障醫療防護物資供應，努力提高收治率和治癒率、降低感染率和病死率。
全力以赴救治患者，是防控工作的突出任務。會議強調，集中收治醫院要儘快建成投入使用，繼續根據需要從全國調派醫務人員支援武漢，同時保護好醫務人員身心健康。要統籌做好人員調配，儘量把精兵強將集中起來、把重症病人集中起來，統一進行救治，及時推廣各醫院救治重症病人的有效做法。
2月1日，國務院總理李克強赴疫情防控國家重點醫療物資保障調度平臺考察時強調，全力保障重點醫療防護物資生產供應，加快醫療防控物資生產、增加供應保障能力，是降低疫情感染患者死亡率、提高治癒率和做好防控工作的必要條件。增加供應就是增強抗擊疫情的戰鬥力，要充分挖掘潛在產能，在保證質量的基礎上爭分奪秒增加生產，還要創造條件擴大產能。要完善不同場所、不同人群科學使用醫療防控物資的標準，醫護工作者戰鬥在抗擊疫情第一線捨己救人，自身也需要防護，重點醫療防控物資首先要保證他們的需要。國務院聯防聯控機制要加強重點醫療防控物資全國統一調度，各職能部門要齊心協力，對湖北省特別是武漢市等疫情防控重點地區，醫療防控物資要優先保障。
Ensuring Medical Supplies and Treating Patients at All Cost
The Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee emphasized at its meeting on February 3 that the supply of all kinds of medical protective materials must be ensured and no effort shall be spared to treat the patients. It also demanded raising the admission rate and the recovery rate, and lowering the infection rate and the case fatality rate.
Sparing no effort to treat the patients is a prominent task of epidemic control. The central leadership decided at the meeting that more hospitals for collective treatment would be built and put into use as early as possible, and more medical workers from other parts of the country be dispatched to meet Wuhan’s need. They also urged protecting the physical and psychological health of medical workers. They required coordination in the deployment of personnel to concentrate the competent medical workers and gather all severe cases for treatment, and timely promotion of the effective practices of various hospitals in curing severe patients.
When inspecting the national distribution center for major anti-epidemic medical supplies, Premier Li Keqiang called for greater efforts to ensure the production and supply of key medical protective equipment, speed up the manufacturing of anti-epidemic medical supplies, and enhance supply capacity. He said that these efforts together would provide necessary conditions for lowering the mortality rate, raising the recovery rate, and implementing solid prevention and control measures. To increase supply is to enhance fighting capacity against the epidemic, therefore it is a must to fully tap the production potential, to race against the clock to increase output while ensuring quality, and to take possible measures to expand supply.
The premier emphasized improving the standards for appropriate use of anti-epidemic medical supplies in different places and for different groups of people. He said that medical workers fighting at the front line also need protection and they should have priority access to key medical protective equipment.
He required the Joint Prevention and Control Mechanism of the State Council to improve unified distribution of major anti-epidemic medical supplies across the country. All functional departments should make concerted efforts to ensure the supply of medical resources to Hubei province, especially Wuhan and other key regions hit hard by the epidemic.
4. 加大科研攻關力度
中共中央政治局常委會2020年2月3日召開會議強調，要加大科研攻關力度，戰勝疫病離不開科技支撐。會議指出，要科學論證病毒來源，儘快查明傳染源和傳播途徑，密切跟蹤病毒變異情況，及時研究防控策略和措施。要調動高校、科研院所、企業等各方面積極性，組織動員全國科研工作者參與疫情防控方面的科研攻關，推動相關數據和病例資料的開放共享，加快病毒溯源、傳播力、傳播機理等研究，及時完善防控策略和措施。要加強有效藥品和疫苗研發，注重科研攻關與臨床、防控實踐相結合。要鼓勵專家學者增強擔當精神、職業責任，在科學研究的前提下多拿出專業意見和建議。
加大科研攻關，直接關係人民身體健康和生命安全。打贏疫情防控攻堅戰，加大科研攻關是重要制高點。從解碼病毒到疫苗研發，從查明傳染源頭到切斷傳播途徑，所有工作的開展，都需要秉承科學論證的“方法論”。疫情防控是總體戰，加大科研攻關，就是為戰勝疫病注入關鍵性力量。
Reinforcing Scientific R&D Against COVID-19
The Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee at its meeting on February 3 underscored the support of science and technology for defeating the epidemic, and urged reinforcing scientific research in this regard. The meeting highlighted the need to find the origin of the virus, identify the infection source and transmission route as soon as possible, closely track the variation of the virus, and develop prevention and control strategies and measures without delay.
Universities, scientific research institutes and enterprises shall be mobilized, and researchers across the country be organized to join anti-virus research. It is also necessary to promote the sharing of relevant data and medical records, speed up research on the traceability, transmission and transmission mechanism of the virus, and make timely improvements to prevention and control strategies and measures. More efforts are needed to strengthen the development of effective drugs and vaccines, and interaction between scientific research, clinical trials and prevention control practices. Experts and scholars should take on more responsibilities, and come up with more professional proposals and solutions based on scientific research.
Science has a direct bearing on the health and safety of the people, and scientists play a key role in the campaign against the virus. From decoding the coronavirus to vaccine development, from identifying the infection source to cutting off the transmission route, all work must be conducted following scientific methodologies, so as to provide a strong force to win the war against COVID-19.
5. 切實維護正常經濟社會秩序
中共中央政治局常委會2020年2月3日召開會議強調，要切實維護正常經濟社會秩序。
物資供應充足，市場秩序井然，是確保宏觀經濟穩定運行的基礎。會議指出，要在做好疫情防控的同時，保持生產生活平穩有序，避免因確診病例增多、生活物資供應緊張等引發群眾恐慌，帶來次生“災害”。要確保主副食品生產、流通、供應，確保蔬菜、肉蛋奶、糧食等居民生活必需品供應。要落實“菜籃子”市長負責制，積極組織蔬菜等副食品生產，加強物資調配和市場供應，採取措施保證運送生活必需品的車輛順利通行。要做好煤電油氣重點供應，保障居民用能需求。要加強心理干預和疏導，有針對性地做好人文關懷。
會議指出，要妥善處理疫情防控中出現的各類矛盾和問題，加強社會治安工作，依法嚴厲打擊利用疫情哄抬物價、囤積居奇、趁火打劫等擾亂社會秩序的違法犯罪行為，嚴厲打擊製售假劣藥品、醫療器械、醫用衛生材料等違法犯罪行為，堅決依法打擊各類違法犯罪，維護社會穩定和國家安全。
Maintaining Normal Economic and Social Order
Maintaining normal economic and social order was stressed by the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee at its meeting on February 3.
Adequate supplies and market order ensures stable operation of the macro-economy. The meeting pointed out that as the nation is fighting the epidemic, it is necessary to maintain social stability and orderly production, so as to avoid public panic and “secondary disasters” caused by the increase of confirmed cases and the shortage of daily necessities.
It is necessary to ensure the production, distribution and supply of staple and non-staple food, and the supply of vegetables, meat, eggs, milk, grain and other daily necessities for residents. City mayors must earnestly fulfill their responsibility of guaranteeing the people’s “vegetable basket” (non-grain food supply), actively organize the production of vegetables and other non-staple food, coordinate the allocation of materials and market supply, and take measures to ensure smooth passage of vehicles transporting daily necessities. Supply of coal, electricity, oil and gas must be maintained to satisfy the energy demand of residents. Psychological intervention and counseling and humanistic care will be provided to those in need.
The meeting also required efforts to properly handle all kinds of difficulties and problems in epidemic control, and maintain law and order. To safeguard social stability and national security, severe punishment will be meted out in accordance with the law on criminal and other illegal offenses such as price gouging, hoarding, speculation and other acts that disturb social order during the outbreak, as well as production and sale of fake and shoddy medicines, medical devices and medical sanitary materials.
三、具體措施
Effective Measures
1. 國務院聯防聯控工作機制
習近平多次作出重要指示，要求加強聯防聯控工作，築牢群防群治的嚴密防線。2020年1月20日，結合新冠肺炎疫情防控形勢，針對春節期間人群流動大的特點，國家衛生健康委召開會議強調，全國衛生系統要健全聯防聯控工作機制，完善多部門聯防聯控疫情預案，強化對地方工作的指導和支持。1月21日，中國政府將新冠肺炎疫情防控上升到國家層面，啟動國務院應對新型冠狀病毒感染的肺炎疫情聯防聯控機制（簡稱“國務院聯防聯控機制”）。
聯防聯控工作機制是中國政府為防控新冠肺炎疫情作出的一項制度性安排，以疫情防控為中心，打破部門職責的界限，實現疫情防範應對工作的立體化、全覆蓋和高效協同。國務院聯防聯控機制由國衛生健康委牽頭，成員單位共32個部門，下設疫情防控、醫療救治、科研攻關、宣傳、外事、後勤保障、前方工作等工作組，分別由相關部委負責同志任組長，明確職責，分工協作，形成防控疫情的有效合力。截至2月28日，國務院聯防聯控機制多次召開新聞發佈會，累計印發了30餘項通知、技術指引和工作方案文件，介紹疫情防控、物資保障、科研攻關、復工復產等相關工作最新進展，解讀政策措施，回應各方關切。
在黨中央國務院決策部署下，各省市相繼構建聯防聯控、群防群控體系，依法、科學、有序開展疫情防控工作。
The Joint Prevention and Control Mechanism of the State Council
Xi Jinping has reiterated the importance of society-wide efforts in epidemic prevention and control, and of building a strict line of defense by mobilizing the public.
On January 20, facing the outbreak of the epidemic and considering the large mobility of people during the upcoming Spring Festival break, the NHC proposed setting up a joint anti-epidemic prevention and control mechanism within the national health system, improving inter-agency preparation and coordination, and providing guidance and support to relevant local work.
On January 21, the Chinese government upgraded the joint mechanism to the national level and launched the Joint Prevention and Control Mechanism of the State Council in Response to the Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia (“Joint Prevention and Control Mechanism of the State Council” for short).
The Joint Prevention and Control Mechanism of the State Council is an institutional arrangement made by the Chinese government. Focusing on the mission of epidemic prevention and control, the mechanism breaks down the boundaries of different government departments and agencies and has achieved inter-agency coordination with high efficiency. With the NHC as the coordinator, a total of 32 central government departments cooperate under the mechanism, with internal work teams set up covering epidemic prevention and control, medical treatment, scientific research, publicity, foreign affairs, logistics support, and work at the front line. These work teams are each headed by a leading official of a relevant ministry or commission with clear duties and division of labor. They form strong synergy against the epidemic through close collaboration.
In addition to holding press conferences, the Joint Prevention and Control Mechanism of the State Council had issued more than 30 notices, technical guidelines and work plans by February 28, briefing the public about the latest progress in epidemic prevention and control, material supplies, scientific research and resumption of work and production, interpreting policies and measures, and responding to public concerns.
Following the decisions and deployment of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, all provinces and cities have established joint prevention and control mechanisms and mechanisms for society-wide efforts against the virus, and taken law-abiding, science-based and orderly measures to fight the epidemic.
2. 武漢“封城”
2020年1月22日，黨中央果斷要求湖北省對人員外流實施全面嚴格管控。1月23日，湖北省新冠肺炎疫情防控指揮部指揮長會議通告，1月23日10時起，武漢全市城市公交、地鐵、輪渡、長途客運暫停運營；無特殊原因，市民不要離開武漢，機場、火車站離漢通道暫時關閉。為遏制疫情發展，1月25日，武漢市進一步阻斷武昌、漢口、漢陽“武漢三鎮”之間的公共交通，從1月26日0時起，除經許可的保供運輸車、免費交通車、公務用車外，武漢中心城區區域實行機動車禁行管理。
這些“封城”措施，是有效阻斷疫情傳播、遏制疫情蔓延的必要之舉。但“封城”並不意味著“孤城”或“圍城”。為確保基本生活不受影響，武漢市新冠肺炎防控指揮部及時通告物資儲備和供應情況，呼籲市民不用恐慌，不必囤積；開通24小時電話接收社會各界愛心捐贈，做好物資接收調配工作；緊急徵集6000臺出租車分配給各社區，為轄區居民出行提供免費服務，解決居家出行不便等問題。
武漢是中國中西部地區的中心城市，是全國重要交通樞紐。“封城”對武漢影響巨大。然而面對疫情，武漢、湖北和中國果斷採取了有力措施和行動，做出了巨大努力和犧牲，為全球疫情防控贏得了寶貴時間。
Wuhan in Lockdown
On January 22, 2020, the CPC Central Committee decisively demanded Hubei province implement comprehensive and strict control over personnel outflow.
On January 23, a meeting held by the Epidemic Prevention and Control Headquarter of Wuhan announced that from 10:00 a.m. on January 23, 2020, the city’s urban bus, subway, ferry and long-distance passenger transportation would be suspended, the departure channels of airport and railway stations be temporarily closed, and the citizens should not leave Wuhan without special reason.
To contain the epidemic from further spreading, Wuhan blocked public transportation between Wuchang, Hankou and Hanyang on January 25. From 00:00 on January 26, all non-essential vehicles were banned in downtown Wuhan except for vehicles with permits that are used to guarantee material supply, provide free transportation, and serve public affairs.
These lockdown measures are highly necessary to effectively block the virus and curb the epidemic from spreading. But a lockdown does not mean putting Wuhan out on a limb or leaving it desperately alone. To ensure the citizens’ basic life not be affected much, the Epidemic Prevention and Control Headquarter of Wuhan has made prompt briefings on the city’s material reserves and supplies, and reminded the public that there is no need for panic or hoarding. A 24-hour hotline was opened to receive donations from all walks of life, and solid measures have been taken to receive and deploy the donated properties. A total of 6,000 taxis have been urgently mobilized to serve communities and provide free services for those in need.
Wuhan is a key city in central China and an important transportation hub of the country. The lockdown has yielded a great impact on the city. However, in the face of the epidemic, Wuhan, Hubei and China have resolutely taken effective measures and actions, and by making great efforts and sacrifices, they have bought valuable time for the whole world to fight against the epidemic.
3. 外防輸入、內防擴散
新冠肺炎疫情發生時恰逢中國春節返鄉高峰，控制新增、防止擴散是疫情防控工作的關鍵所在。以習近平同志為核心的黨中央多次要求各省市採取針對性措施，做到外防輸入、內防擴散。這是針對非疫情防控重點地區、人口流動大省大市的一項差異化防控策略。
社區是疫情聯防聯控的第一線，也是外防輸入、內防擴散最有效的防線。通過把好入口關，強化網格化管理，守好社區防控，築牢安全防線，可以有效切斷傳染源，控制新增輸入性病例，防止疫情擴散蔓延。
疫情防控期間，中共中央國務院還發出了減少人員流動、協同抗擊疫情的號召，通過及時延長春節假期，提前部署延遲開學、靈活復工、錯峰出行，並在健康監測、人員管理等方面採取嚴格措施，堅決抓好外防輸入、內防擴散兩大環節。
Preventing the Coronavirus from Entering and Spreading Within a Region
The outbreak of the COVID-19 epidemic coincides with the home return peak during China’s Spring Festival break. Controlling the number of infections and preventing the spread of the virus is the key to epidemic control. The CPC Central Committee with Xi Jinping at its core has repeatedly urged all provinces and municipalities to take targeted measures and prevent the coronavirus from entering and spreading within the regions under their jurisdiction. This is a differentiated strategy for the regions that are not vital for epidemic prevention and control as well as for the provinces and municipalities with mass transient populations.
The community is the front line of joint prevention and control, and also the most effective line of defense against imported cases and spread from within. By deploying tight check at the entrance and strict grid management, the community can build strong defense and effectively cut off the infection source.
The CPC Central Committee and the State Council also called on the public to refrain from traveling and thus contribute to the epidemic fight. For this end, flexible measures have been adopted in advance such as extending the Spring Festival holiday, postponing the reopening of schools, flexible resumption of work, and staggering the time of return trips of workers. Meanwhile, strict health monitoring and personnel management has been taken to firmly prevent the spread of the virus within a certain region while guarding against imported cases.
4. “一人一方案” “一人一團隊”
2020年1月20日，武漢市新冠肺炎疫情防控指揮部工作會議提出，全力做好患者救治工作，對重症患者“一人一方案”“一人一團隊”，確保輕症患者儘快治癒出院。
採取“一人一方案”“一人一團隊”措施，就是調集一切資源，以最強的技術力量、最佳的護理服務，為患者精準提供醫護團隊和診療方案，開展及時、高效、有針對性的治療，提高治癒率。全國各地在救治工作中紛紛採用了這一模式。
在疫情形勢依然嚴峻複雜，防控處在最吃勁的關鍵階段，採取“一人一方案”“一人一團隊”措施是落實“集中患者、集中專家、集中資源、集中救治”要求的具體體現，也是行之有效的救治工作經驗。
A Dedicated Team and a Personalized Treatment Plan for Each Patient
On January 20, the Epidemic Prevention and Control Headquarter of Wuhan decided to exert all-out efforts in the treatment of patients. For severe cases, the practice of “a dedicated team and a personalized treatment plan for each patient” will be applied, and mild cases will be cured and discharged as early as possible.
In adopting such a practice, it is highly necessary to mobilize all resources to provide patients customized medical teams and targeted diagnosis and treatment schemes with the strongest technical force and the best nursing service, and carry out timely, efficient and targeted treatment to raise the recovery rate. This practice has been widely adopted in the treatment of patients across the country.
While the epidemic situation is still grim and complex, and prevention and control work is in the most critical stage, this practice complies with the principle of “treating the infected in dedicated facilities by senior medical professionals from all over the country and with all necessary resources.” It has been proved effective in treating the patients.
5. 集中拉網式大排查
2020年2月17日至19日, 武漢市展開集中拉網式大排查, 對各區各街道轄區居民進行篩查甄別，堅持“不落一戶、不漏一人”。這是堅持人民生命至上、遵循應收盡收原則的具體舉措。
集中拉網式大排查以社區為基礎，徹底排查清“四類人員”（即確診患者、疑似患者、無法排除感染可能的發熱患者、確診患者的密切接觸者），推動落實“五個百分之百”工作目標（即確診患者百分之百應收盡收、疑似患者百分之百核酸檢測、發熱病人百分之百進行檢測、密切接觸者百分之百隔離、小區村莊百分之百實行24小時封閉管理）。
這次大排查運用人工智能技術，大大提高了工作效率，在3天時間內完成3300多個社區、村灣近1000萬人口的清底排查。在此基礎上，通過大數據平臺整合歸併醫院、疾控中心、醫保、公安、民政、通信運營商等相關單位的信息數據，對“四類人員”有針對性地開展核酸檢測、流行病調查，精準快速地鎖定密切接觸者，並在第一時間實施隔離，形成了對傳染源的有效鎖定和有效阻斷。
Massive Dragnet Screening of Potential Virus Carriers
From February 17 to 19, Wuhan launched a massive dragnet screening of potential virus carriers among its residents in every community, “leaving no one unscreened.” This follows the belief that “saving lives is of paramount importance,” and the principle of getting all confirmed cases hospitalized for treatment.
This large-scale screening was conducted in search of the four groups of people (i.e. confirmed cases, suspected cases, febrile patients who cannot rule out the possibility of infection, and close contacts), in order to ensure 100 percent of admission for confirmed cases, 100 percent of nucleic acid tests for suspected cases, 100 percent of diagnosis for febrile patients, 100 percent of isolation for close contacts, and 100 percent of 24-hour close-off management of communities and villages.
By the use of AI technology, the investigation was conducted with great efficiency, and reached approximately 10 million people in more than 3,300 communities and villages within three days. Based on the big data platform, the information collected was integrated with the records kept in the hospitals, disease control centers, medical insurance agencies, public security and civil affairs authorities, telecommunication carriers and other relevant units. Targeted nucleic acid tests and epidemiological studies were carried out on the four groups of people, which helped to accurately and rapidly find close contacts and isolate them without delay, therefore effectively identifying and blocking the infection source.
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