◆◆◆非謂語動詞的錯誤◆◆◆
△真題再練
下列各小題中有且僅有一處錯誤(多1個單詞、少1個單詞、錯1個單詞)，請指出並改正過來，然後說明理由。
1.My punishment lasted a year. Meanwhile, I found out that with more patience, I could make my toys to last. My attitude changed from then on.
2. I was at the Shanghai Railway Station buy a ticket to Hangzhou.
3. After looks at the toy for some time, he turned around and found that his parents were missing.
4. Have tea in the late afternoon provides a bridge between lunch and dinner.
△思路點撥
1. 當句中已有謂語動詞時，後面又出現動詞，且該動詞前沒有並列連詞時，該動詞應是非謂語動詞。
2. 作主語或賓語用動詞-ing形式或不定式(具體某次)，如［真題再練］4；在介詞後作賓語要用動詞-ing形式，如［真題再練］3。
3. 根據分詞的邏輯主語與分詞是主動關係還是被動關係，判斷分詞是否用錯。如［真題再練］2。
又如：
It will be lots of fun practising out in the playground in the afternoon with the trees around us all red and yellow and everybody laughed and shouting.
解析：
在and everybody laughed and shouting中，因everybody與laugh是主動關係，要用動詞-ing形式作賓補，故改laughed為laughing。
4. 用固定搭配去判斷是否有錯。
如had better do sth., agree to do sth., help do sth., would like to dosth., help sb. do sth., make /let /have sb. do sth. (使某人做某事)；see /hear sb. do sth.(看到/聽到某人做某事)；see /hear sb.doing sth. (看到/聽到某人正在做某事)等。如［真題再練］1。
△考點歸納
1.作主語或作介詞賓語，該用動詞-ing形式時卻用了原形。尤其注意分清to是介詞還是不定式符號。一定要熟記look forward to, be used to, be devoted to, get accustomed to等常用的to是介詞的短語。
如：
He isn’t good at talk but he gets on well with other people.
解析：
talk在介詞at後作賓語，應當用動詞-ing形式，故改talk為talking。
2.作定語、狀語或補語時，非謂語動詞形式用錯。
如：
Third, we should find ways to reuse the water using in washing…
解析：
水“被用”, 用過去分詞作後置定語，故改using為used。
3.在make sb. do sth., ask sb. to do sth., help sb. do sth.等固定結構中，多用to，少用to，或to後接動詞的-ing形式。
如：
My brother was so fond of the museums there that he begged my parents to staying another couple of days. (2011大綱卷II)
解析：
由beg sb. to do sth. (懇求某人做某事)可知，要將staying改為stay。
4. 只能接不定式或只能接動詞ing形式作賓語的固定搭配。
如：
Last year, she decided study abroad. Inother words, we would be separated for a long time.
解析：
由decide to do sth.(決定做某事)可知，要在study 前加to。
5. 情感類動詞的-ed分詞與-ing分詞的區別。
如：
My friend Nick told me a story about his experience back in the US, which was very interested.
解析：
句中的which代表a story about his experience，即“他的故事是有趣的”，應當用-ing分詞作形容詞，因為interested是表示人“感興趣的”，故將interested改為interesting。
6. 不定式的被動式中過去分詞的拼寫錯誤。
如：
If I have the honor to be chose to work for the 29th Olympic Games, I will first improve my English…
解析：
我有幸被選去為第29屆奧運會工作，不定式用被動式是正確的，但構成被動式的過去分詞chose錯了，應改為chosen。
