2019年12月14日雅思大作文題目：
浪費型社會產生的原因及問題
Today people in many countries live in a throw-away society where they use things for a short period of time and throw them away. What are the causes and what problems does the phenomenon lead to?
解析 & 審題
本題與2018年9月8日高度相仿。2018年9月8日的題目明確了浪費型社會對環境的影響，設問如何解決這個問題。本次考試中，問題是“消費型社會產生的原因及其帶來的問題”。可見，兩次考試雖然是同一話題，但側重點有所不同。這提醒我們大家，即使在看到自己以為熟悉，甚至背誦過的題目時，也要花時間仔細閱讀問題，弄清楚題目中的問題，否則可能樂極生悲，導致考試失敗。
本週考的是一個環境類的老題目。我們現在的社會是一個浪費型的社會（a throw-away society），隨處可見被扔棄不用的東西。本題要求分析這個現象產生的原因及其導致的問題。就原因而言，大家可能想到的生活水平提高了，物質太豐富了，這是唐老師經常談到的物質層面上的原因。如果我們再往下想一想，可能就想到，我們扔掉舊東西，可能還有一個心理原因，即因為技術的發展，新產品不斷出現，從而誘使我們使用新產品；除此之外，當然還有一個社會層面的原因，即消費社會鼓勵大家扔棄舊東西，換新時尚。在這類分析原因類的考題中，大家都可以按照這三個層面去思考（或者寫其中的兩個層面），就容易寫得更有邏輯一些。
那麼，這個現象導致什麼問題呢？大家很容易想到汙染，用了就扔而不是回收利用當然會導致汙染問題的產生，但這種現象還可能導致一個更深層次的問題，即資源浪費問題。過於追求時尚，會造成社會資源的浪費，不利於整個社會的和諧發展。
我們在構思任何一篇雅思作文的時候，都應該寫出層次，這是雅思作文批判思維的基本要求。各位烤鴨應該在這方面積累經驗。
老師筆記
第 1 段
Ours is a throw-away society today where people tend to discard everything that is not new though repairable, while only a few decades ago, people would keep things and use them as long as possible until they were completely beyond repair.
今天，我們的社會是一個拋棄型的社會，人們傾向於拋棄一切舊的東西，儘管這些東西是可以修復的，而就在幾十年前，人們還會盡可能地保留和使用它們,直到它們完全無法修復為止
解析：
（1） 本段用比較的方法提出當今的現象，即當今社會是一個拋棄型的社會。
（2） Discard 拋棄
（3） Repairable 可以修復的
（4） Beyond repair 無法修復的
第 2 段
There are mainly two reasons for people’s change of mind towards old things. At the most basic level, people today are financially better off than before. If they had to use and re-use the old things in the past, now they can afford to get rid of them and buy new ones. For example, it was very common that a TV set was kept for more than ten years, but now the time has been shortened to three years averagely.
人們對舊物的思想改變主要有兩個原因。在最基本的層次上，今天的人經濟上比以前更富有。如果在過去他們不得不一再使用舊東西，那麼現在他們有能力扔掉它們，購買新的。例如，過去一臺電視機保存十多年是很常見的，但是現在這個時間已經縮短到平均三年了。
解析
（1） 本段分析拋棄型社會產生的原因之一：經濟上有能力拋棄舊的東西。用舉例法來證明這個原因的合理性。
（2） Change of mind 思想的改變；改變主意
（3） At the most basic level 在最基礎的層面上
（4） Well off 富有的
（5） Get rid of 扔掉
（6） Averagely 平均地
第 3 段
Another important reason is that people may be forced to throw away old things and turn to new ones. Now new technologies are developing at a much faster speed than ever before, the consequence of which is that a product is quick to be replaced by its newer and better versions, and then the users have to buy them in order to enjoy their new features. As this goes on, more and more people will be drawn to the newest products, even if not for their new features, but as a fashionable habit.
另一個重要的原因是，人們可能是被迫扔掉舊東西，轉而使用新東西。如今，新技術的發展速度比以往任何時候都快，其後果是：產品很快就被其更新更好的版本所取代，這樣用戶必須購買這些版本才能享受其新功能。隨著這種狀況不斷髮展，越來越多的人將被最新產品所吸引，甚至不是為了它們的新功能，也是作為一種時尚的習慣。
解析
（1） 本段分析消費型社會產生的第二個原因：產品更新速度快，人們不得不購買新產品，而且隨著這種現象的深入，人們慢慢將購買新產品作為一種時尚了。
（2） At a speed of... 以......的速度
（3） Consequence 後果；結果
（4） Version 版本
（5） Feature 功能；特性
第 4 段
Throwing away breeds over-consumption, which in turn will cause many problems for us, the most serious one of which is the pressure it imposes on the Earth’s natural resources. The more old things people throw away, the more new products need to be produced. This will definitely put our natural resources at risk. Another problem that a throw-away society has to deal with is the environmental pollution. As old things like furniture, washing machines, TV sets, and even cars are piling up, we have every reason to believe that they will make our neighborhood a less desirable place to live in.
拋棄會滋生過度消費，這反過來會給我們帶來許多問題，其中最嚴重的問題就是它給地球自然資源帶來的壓力。人們拋棄的舊物越多，就越需要生產出更多的新產品。這肯定會給我們的自然資源帶來危險。拋棄型社會必須處理的另一個問題是環境汙染。隨著傢俱、洗衣機、電視機甚至汽車等舊東西堆積如山，我們有充分的理由相信，它們會使我們的社區成為一個不那麼理想的居住地。
解析
（1）本段討論浪費型社會帶來的兩個問題：資源的浪費和環境汙染。
（2）Breed 滋生
（3）Impose on... 強加於......
（4）Put...at risk 使......處於危險之中；危及
（5）Pile up 堆積
（6）Desirable 理想的
7分範文
Ours is a throw-away society today where people tend to discard everything that is not new though repairable, while only a few decades ago, people would keep things and use them as long as possible until they were completely beyond repair.
There are mainly two reasons for people’s change of mind towards old things. At the most basic level, people today are financially better off than before. If they had to use and re-use the old things in the past, now they can afford to get rid of them and buy new ones. For example, it was very common that a TV set was kept for more than ten years, but now the time has been shortened to three years averagely.
Another important reason is that people may be forced to throw away old things and turn to new ones. Now new technologies are developing at a much faster speed than ever before, the consequence of which is that a product is quick to be replaced by its newer and better versions, and then the users have to buy them in order to enjoy their new features. As this goes on, more and more people will be drawn to the newest products, even if not for their new features, but as a fashionable habit.
Throwing away breeds over-consumption, which in turn will cause many problems for us, the most serious one of which is the pressure it imposes on the Earth’s natural resources. The more old things people throw away, the more new products need to be produced. This will definitely put our natural resources at risk. Another problem that a throw-away society has to deal with is the environmental pollution. As old things like furniture, washing machines, TV sets, and even cars are piling up, we have every reason to believe that they will make our neighborhood a less desirable place to live in.
(319 words)
簡易背誦的句子
1. Ours is a throw-away society today where people tend to discard everything that is not new though repairable, while only a few decades ago, people would keep things and use them as long as possible until they were completely beyond repair .
今天，我們的社會是一個拋棄型的社會，人們傾向於拋棄一切舊的東西，儘管這些東西是可以修復的，而就在幾十年前，人們還會盡可能地保留和使用它們,直到它們完全無法修復為止。
2. If they had to use and re-use the old things in the past, now they can afford to get rid of them and buy new ones.
如果在過去他們不得不一再使用舊東西，那麼現在他們有能力扔掉它們，購買新的。
3. Now new technologies are developing at a much faster speed than ever before, the consequence of which is that a product is quick to be replaced by its newer and better versions, and then the users have to buy them in order to enjoy their new features.
如今，新技術的發展速度比以往任何時候都快，其後果是：產品很快就被其更新更好的版本所取代，這樣用戶必須購買這些版本才能享受其新功能。
4. Throwing away breeds over-consumption, which in turn will cause many problems for us, the most serious one of which is the pressure it imposes on the Earth’s natural resources.
拋棄會滋生過度消費，這反過來會給我們帶來許多問題，其中最嚴重的問題就是它給地球自然資源帶來的壓力。
5. As old things like furniture, washing machines, TV sets, and even cars are piling up, we have every reason to believe that they will make our neighborhood a less desirable place to live in.
隨著傢俱、洗衣機、電視機甚至汽車等舊東西堆積如山，我們有充分的理由相信，它們會使我們的社區成為一個不那麼理想的居住地。
圖片來自網絡
