4月24日下午，北京市十五屆人大常委會第二十一次會議表決通過了《北京市文明行為促進條例》，將於2020年6月1日施行。疫情當前，公共場所咳嗽、打噴嚏時應遮掩口鼻，患有流行性感冒等傳染性呼吸道疾病時佩戴口罩，不在地鐵、輕軌等列車內進食，餐飲服務企業應當配備公筷公勺，有條件的應當推行分餐制，
不在公共場所赤膊，這些條款正式寫入法規。好習慣均被納入條例，以法律“硬制度”促進市民文明習慣養成。條例一出，網友感嘆，被冠以“北京比基尼”的膀爺們可能要慢慢消失在公眾的視線了。所謂“北京比基尼”，是指男性在公共場合撩起上衣，或者乾脆不穿上衣光著膀子。“北京比基尼”並非具有強烈的地域特色。實際上，從南到北，不論哪個城市，在盛夏的樹底下、菜市場裡、街頭巷尾中，都能看到這種穿衣方式。
Photo: Courtesy of Liu Yu via Global Times
Spitting, littering, throwing objects from height, eating on a subway carriage, walking dogs without a leash are among the violations included in a new regulation passed during a session of the Standing Committee of the 15th Beijing Municipal People's Congress to take effect June 1. Righteous and courageous acts are instead encouraged by the new legislation.
Teng Shengping, head of the municipal office of the spiritual civilization development commission, said the office will work jointly with relevant departments to set up a record system of civil behaviors, encouraging people to conduct properly.
哪些是市民反感的不文明行為？
條例規定了正面倡導的九個領域的具體行為規範，包括維護公共場所衛生、排隊禮讓、光盤行動、綠色出行等。同時，立法工作專班人員對亟需治理的問題進行精準畫像，明確了公共衛生、公共場所秩序、交通出行、社區生活、旅遊、網絡電信等重點治理的六個領域的不文明行為，包括隨地吐痰、亂扔垃圾、高空拋物、噪聲擾民、電動車樓道充電等。
The legislation regulates specific codes of conduct in nine areas where they are actively conducted, including the maintenance of public sanitation, queuing manners, waste avoidance and "finishing the food on your plate" campaign, and green travel. Meanwhile, the special legislative team needs to regulate the key civil behaviors in nine parts. The details are outlined in the following posters.
有網友問及以上條例如何執行呢？
為體現“教育在先、懲戒在後”的精神，條例提出建立“社會服務”制度，規定對違反條例的不文明行為當事人，主動消除或減輕違法行為危害後果的，應當從輕或減輕行政處罰。當事人自願參加社會服務的，可以依法從輕、減輕或者不予行政處罰。社會服務的具體實施辦法，由市政府制定。
In attempts to embody the spirit of "education before punishment", the regulation put forward the establishment of a "social service" system, stipulating that those who take the initiative to eliminate or mitigate the harmful consequences of illegal acts shall be given a lighter punishment. Specific measures for the implementation or social services shall be formulated by the municipal government.
嚴重不文明行為將與個人信用掛鉤
有關行政執法部門應當加強對不文明行為的日常檢查，任何單位和個人有權對不文明行為進行勸阻、制止，並可向政務服務熱線或者有關行政執法部門投訴、舉報；對不文明行為採用拍照、錄音、錄像等形式所做的合法記錄，可以提交行政執法部門作為執法參考。
The relevant administrative law enforcement departments shall strengthen their routine inspection of detecting uncivilized acts. Any unit or individual shall have the right to stop such uncivilized acts, and may complain to the government service hotline or the relevant administrative law enforcement departments. Legal records of uncivilized acts taken in the form of photographs, sound recordings or video footage may be submitted to administrative law enforcement departments for reference in law enforcement.
不文明行為精準畫像與處罰圖鑑
《北京市文明行為促進條例》的推出是文明公德的進步，
希望新的文明行為規範能夠逐步、具體地推廣到全國各地。
關鍵字: 公共場所 比基尼 departments
