打卡时间: 9月20日星期五(6:00-17:00)
1. 她现在应该还在工作。
我的答案:She may be working.
标准答案:She should be working right now.
【对比分析】:我看句子中有应该,认为它表推测,所以用了may,“还在工作”是现在进行时,含有现在的时态,所以我把现在这个时间点就没有表示出来。
【解题思路】:
内部关系:动作关系
句子时态:现在进行时
句子成分:she是主语,should be working是谓语,right now是状语。
拓展:
2. 你一定在想心事。
我的答案:You must be thinking about something.
标准答案:You must be thinking about something.
【对比分析】:翻译相同,想心事没有必要非得把心事表达出来,其实就是在想事情,所以用think about something,句子是现在进行时。
【解题思路】:
内部关系:动作关系
句子时态:现在进行时
句子成分:You是主语,must be thinking是谓语something是宾语
拓展:
3. 他现在会不会在咖啡店等咱们呢?
我的答案:May he be waiting for us at the coffee shop?
标准答案:Could he be waiting for us at the coffee shop?
【对比分析】:翻译基本相同,不过我用了may这个情态动词,在这个句子中不合适,may作为情态动词表推测,多用于陈述句,如: It may be ten o'clock now.用在疑问句中表许可,如: May I come in?所以用could,句子是现在进行时,所以用be waiting。
【解题思路】:
内部关系:动作关系
句子时态:现在进行时
句子成分:he是主语,could be waiting for是谓语,us是主语,at the coffee是状语。
拓展:
4. 你已经工作了一整天了。你一定特别累。
我的答案:You have been working all day. You must be very tired.
标准答案:You have been working all day. You must be exhausted.
【对比分析】:exhausted=very tired筋疲力尽的;疲惫不堪的
【解题思路】:
内部关系:第一句是动作关系,第二句是描述关系
句子时态:第一句是现在完成进行时,第二句是一般现在时
句子成分:you是主语,have been working是谓语,all day是状语,you是主语,must be是系动词,exhausted是表语。
拓展:
5. 机器运转时必须关门
我的答案:The door must be closed when the machine is working.
标准答案:Door must be closed when machine is in operation.
【对比分析】:门是被关,用被动语态,机器运转可以用in operation来表达,不光是work一词。
【解题思路】:
内部关系:描述关系
句子时态:一般现在时
句子成分:door是主语,must be closed是谓语,when…状语从句, machine是主语,is 是系动词,in operation是表语
拓展:
6. 这不准养宠物。
我的答案:You can't keep pets here.
标准答案:You may not keep pets here. /You are not allowed to keep pets here.
【对比分析】:may表许可
【解题思路】:
内部关系:动作关系
句子时态:一般现在时
句子成分:you是主语,may not keep/are not allowed是谓语,to keep pets是宾语,here是状语
拓展:
7. 有时候她会在那里一坐就是几小时,什么也不做。
我的答案:She could sometime sit there for several hours and do nothing.
标准答案:She would sit there for hours sometimes,doing nothing at all.
【对比分析】:我用的是could,表不确定的可能性,她有时候会坐在那里,是不确定的,而答案用了would,表过去常常发生的习惯性动作。doing nothing是现在分词作状语。
内部关系:动作关系
句子时态:一般过去时
句子成分:she是主语,would sit是谓语,there是状语,for hours是状语,sometimes是状语,doing是现在分词作状语,nothing是宾语。
拓展:
8. 请你替我把这个快递发了行吗?
我的答案:Would you help me send express delivery?
标准答案:Would/Could you help me send this express?
【对比分析】:express是副词,作状语
【解题思路】:
内部关系:动作关系
句子时态:情态动词,请求,一般现在时
句子成分:you是主语,would/could help是谓语,me是宾语,send this是宾补,express是状语。
拓展:
9. 你能把烟掐了吗?
我的答案:Would you put out your cigarette?
标准答案:Would/Could you put out the cigarette,please?
【对比分析】:翻译基本一致,用would和could都可以,表请求。
【解题思路】:
内部关系:动作关系
句子时态:情态动词,请求,一般现在时
句子成分:you是主语,would/put out是谓语,your cigarette是宾语。
拓展:
10. A:对不起,先生,我知道你有权在这吸烟,但请你把烟掐了好吗?你的烟味直冲着往我这来。
B:哦,不好意思。我这是在吸烟区,而且我是先来的,你要是不介意的话,你能去那边的无烟区吗?
我的答案:A: Sorry,Sir,I know that you have the right to smoke here,but please would you put out your cigarette? Your smoke is coming straight to me.
B:Oh well,Excuse me. I am in smoking area and I came here first. If you don't mind, you go to the non-smoking area over there?
标准答案:A:Excuse me,sir,I realized (that)you have right to smoke here.But could you put out your cigarette, please? Your smoking is coming right at me.
B:Well, sorry. I am in smoking section, and I was here before you. If you wouldn’t mind , you could go to non-smoking section.
【对比分析】:不介意没翻译出来,have是谓语,the right是宾语,to smoke不定式作定语,is coming短暂动词现在进行时表将来,正在行进的概念
【解题思路】
内部关系:动作关系,描述关系
句子时态:情态动词,请求
句子成分:excuse是谓语,me是宾语,I是主语,realize是谓语,(that)…是宾语从句,you是主语,have right to是谓语,smoke是宾语,there是状语,you是主语,would put out是谓语,your cigarette是宾语, your smoke是主语,is coming是谓语,straight at me是状语。
I是主语,am是系动词,in smoking area是状语,I是主语,was是系动词,here是状语,beforeyou,you是主语,would mind是谓语,if…状语从句,you是主语,could go是谓语,to non-smoking area是状语。
拓展:
【收获与总结】
今天训练了不同情态动词的用法,情态动词不像其他语法那么固定,很灵活,急需周末复盘。