BCW20200401关爱地球——
我们的共同未来XI（下）（双语）
编者按
同一个地球，同呼吸，共命运。环境是经济发展的基础，更是可持续发展的基础和关键。人类赖以生存的大部分物质资源等都是间接或者直接来源于大自然，保护生态环境就是保护生产力，改善生态环境就是发展生产力。因此，发展建设生态文明，探索新型工业化道路是各国可持续发展的必由之路。而各国在可持续发展过程中应当遵循预防为主、防治结合的发展理念，合理利用自然资源，防止环境的污染和破坏，以求自然环境同人文环境、经济环境共同平衡可持续发展。
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99. Multilateral financial institutions have a crucial role to play. The World Bank is presently reorienting its programmes towards greater environmental concerns. This should be accompanied by a fundamental commitment to sustainable development by the Bank. It is also essential that the Regional Development Banks and the International Monetary Fund incorporate similar objectives in their policies and programmes. A new priority and focus is also needed in bilateral aid agencies.
多边金融机构可以发挥关键作用。世界银行目前正在调整其方案的方向，以解决更多的环境问题。与此同时，世界银行应对可持续发展做出根本承诺。同样重要的是，各区域开发银行和国际货币基金组织在其政策和方案中列入类似的目标，在双标援助机构中也需要一个新的优先事项和重点。
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100. Given the limitations on increasing present flows of international aid, proposals for securing additional revenue from the use of international commons and natural resources should now be seriously considered by governments.
鉴于目前增加国际援助流量的限制，各国政府现在应该认真考虑从利用国际公地和自然资源中获得额外收入的建议
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IV. A Call for Action
行动的召唤
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101. Over the course of this century, the relationship between the human world and the planet that sustains it has undergone a profound change.
在本世纪的过程中，人类世界和维持它的星球之间的关系发生了深刻的变化。
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102. When the century began, neither human numbers nor technology had the power radically to alter planetary systems. As the century closes, not only do vastly increased human numbers and their activities have that power, but major, unintended changes are occurring in the atmosphere, in soils, in waters, among plants and animals, and in the relationships among all of these. The rate of change is outstripping the ability of scientific disciplines and our current capabilities to assess and advise. It is frustrating the attempts of political and economic institutions, which evolved in a different, more fragmented world, to adapt and cope. It deeply worries many people who are seeking ways to place those concerns on the political agendas.
当本世纪开始的时候，无论是人类还是科技都没有从根本上改变行星系统的力量。随着本世纪的结束，不仅大量增加的人口和人类活动具有了这种力量，而且在大气、土壤、水、植物和动物之间以及所有这些之间的关系中也发生了重大的、意想不到的变化。变化的速度超过了科学的能力和我们目前评估和提供建议的能力。在一个不同的、更加碎片化的世界中发展起来的政治和经济机构在适应和应对方面所做的尝试令人沮丧。这使正在设法将他们的关注点列入政治议程的人感到忧虑。
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103. The onus lies with no one group of nations. Developing countries face the obvious life-threatening challenges of desertification, deforestation, and pollution, and endure most of the poverty associated with environmental degradation. The entire human family of nations would suffer from the disappearance of rain forests in the tropics, the loss of plant and animal species, and changes in rainfall patterns. Industrial nations face the life-threatening challenges of toxic chemicals, toxic wastes, and acidification. All nations may suffer from the releases by industrialized countries of carbon dioxide and of gases that react with the ozone layer, and from any future war fought with the nuclear arsenals controlled by those nations. All nations will have a role to play in changing trends, and in righting an international economic system that increases rather than decreases inequality, that increases rather than decreases numbers of poor and hungry.
责任不在任何一个国家集团。发展中国家面临着荒漠化、森林砍伐和污染等明显威胁生命的挑战，并忍受着与环境退化相关的大部分贫困。整个人类大家庭将因热带雨林的消失、动植物物种的丧失以及降雨模式的改变而蒙受损失。工业国面临着有毒化学品、有毒废物和酸化等威胁生命的挑战。工业化国家排放的二氧化碳和与臭氧层发生反应的气体，以及未来与这些国家控制的核武库进行的任何战争，都可能使所有国家蒙受损失。所有国家都将在改变趋势，纠正增加而不是减少不平等、增加而不是减少贫困和饥饿人数的国际经济体系方面发挥作用。
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104. The next few decades are crucial. The time has come to break out of past patterns. Attempts to maintain social and ecological stability through old approaches to development and environmental protection will increase instability. Security must be sought through change. The Commission has noted a number of actions that must be taken to reduce risks to survival and to put future development on paths that are sustainable. Yet we are aware that such a reorientation on a continuing basis is simply beyond the reach of present decision-making structures and institutional arrangements, both national and international.
接下来的几十年至关重要。现在是打破过去模式的时候了。试图通过旧的发展和环境保护方法来维持社会和生态稳定，将增加不稳定。必须通过变革寻求安全。委员会注意到必须采取一些行动，以减少生存风险，并使未来的发展走上可持续的道路。然而，我们意识到，这种持续的方向调整根本超出了目前国家和国际决策结构和体制安排的范围。
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105. This Commission has been careful to base our recommendations on the realities of present institutions, on what can and must be accomplished today. But to keep options open for future generations, the present generation must begin now, and begin together.
委员会谨慎地将我们的建议建立在现有机构的现实基础上，建立在今天天能够而且必须完成的工作基础上。但是，为了让子孙后代有更多的选择，我们这一代人必须从现在开始，一起开始。
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106. To achieve the needed changes, we believe that an active follow-up of this report is imperative. It is with this in mind that we call for the UN General Assembly, upon due consideration, to transform this report into a UN Programme on Sustainable Development. Special follow-up conferences could be initiated at the regional level. Within an appropriate period after the presentation of this report to the General Assembly, an international conference could be convened to review progress made, and to promote follow up arrangements that will be needed to set benchmarks and to maintain human progress.
为了实现所需的变革，我们认为，必须对本报告采取积极的后续行动。正是考虑到这一点，我们呼吁联合国大会在适当考虑后，将本报告转变为联合国可持续发展方案。可在区域一级发起特别后续会议，在向大会提交本报告后的适当期间内，可召开一次国际会议，审查所取得的进展，并促进为确定基准和维持人类进步所需的后续安排。
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107. First and foremost, this Commission has been concerned with people - of all countries and all walks of life. And it is to people that we address our report. The changes in human attitudes that we call for depend on a vast campaign of education, debate, and public participation. This campaign must start now if sustainable human progress is to be achieved.
首先，该委员会关心所有国家和各行各业的人民。我们的报告是面向大众的。我们所呼吁的人类态度的改变取决于大规模的教育、辩论和公众参与运动。如果要实现可持续的人类进步，这项运动必须现在就开始。
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108. The Members of the World Commission on Environment and Development came from 21 very different nations. In our discussions, we disagreed often on details and priorities. But despite our widely differing backgrounds and varying national and international responsibilities, we were able to agree to the lines along which change must be drawn.
世界环境与发展委员会的成员来自21个非常不同的国家。在我们的讨论中，我们经常在细节和优先事项上产生分歧。但是，尽管我们有着广泛不同的背景和不同的国家和国际责任，我们还是能够就必须作出改变的范围达成协议。
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109. We are unanimous in our conviction that the security, well-being, and very survival of the planet depend on such changes, now.
我们一致认为，现在地球的安全、福祉和生存都取决于这些变化。
以上文字汉语来源于：11组曹怡凡、查爱民、高晓旭、姜宝荣、姜晓敏、柯宇铮、盛春丽、宋明悦、孙金欣、孙玉莹、田梦园、王新月、郁万鑫、张书甜、张笑笑、周文启等同学（的课堂作业）；英文来源于网络，特此说明【指导老师康健】。
编辑|刘家圆 李泽昆
版式|王 瑜 刘 悦
审核|康 健