号外号外!托福写作不能踩的语法雷区是哪里?

1:连词类缺失

很多小伙伴在写文章的时候,都会忽略对连词的使用。而我在这里想告诉大家的就是连词真的很重要!有了它,写作者才能让人感到他的文章条理清晰,思路明确。否则东扯一句西扯一句,没有衔接词,会让人摸不着头脑的哦~~我们来看下这个句子~

Successful men will have many places to live, a country house can provide a nice environment to relax, then it will be a new start point, but will not be an end one.

大家暂且忽略语法问题,且看这个句子。这个句子的第一个问题就是连词缺失:在live和a country house 之间原作者使用逗号衔接的,但是呢,逗号并不能代替and等连词的作用。

因为 Successful men will have many places to live和a country house can provide a nice environment to relax都是两个完整的句子,而没有主从依附关系,所以必须得有连词(and,but,therefore)等连接才能保证句子有效。

总结:

缺连词的另一大原因是很多同学不知道什么是连词,什么不是。and or but 是最有名的三个连词。但是!however, so, yet, nevertheless也是连词!!!可以连接两句句子!

2:句子过长

小伙伴们有时候会在一个句号里放入很多的句子,给人一种蛇吞象的感觉,十分不好!!大家也都知道老美喜欢简单一点,直白一点,清楚一点~既然如此,我们也要对他的胃口哦,一句话说清楚就不要拖泥带水地反反复复地用逗号~我们仍然看这个句子:

Successful men will have many places to live, a country house can provide a nice environment to relax, then it will be a new start point, but will not be an end one.

看到没有,这个作者在写文章的时候一个句号里竟然放了四个句子!可是呢,这四个句子有没有什么非要在一起的关联性~~

这就让我想到小学时写作文,我经常会在一个段落里不停地用逗号逗号,直到把作文写完才肯施舍一个句号~

这种错误不知道大家在写作文的时候有没有遇到过,但是如果你清楚地看到别人这样写文章的时候,你就一定会很反感,而且会觉得这个作者的思想过于幼稚,絮絮叨叨~

所以,为了给人留下一个mature的印象,尽量保证一个句子只说一句话(从句除外)~

号外号外!托福写作不能踩的语法雷区是哪里?

总结:

一句话说完写句号是最基本的常识。一句完整句里只能出现一个谓语动词,这是英语语法最基本的规定。英语句子是按句法划分的,而不是意思。

3:时态,语态不一致

这个问题应该是大家的通病哦。虽然说这种错误无关智商,但是一不留神就出现了,如果整篇文章充斥着is,are,he,she乱用的现象,估计考官也会很生气吧。

我们来看几种常见错误(句例说明):

She did not adapt to the environment, but with time passing by, they find him more and more proficient.

she 和him是怎么个意思咧?

I shall use my father's experience as an example. My father went to Australia several years ago. He see many birds and animals. 明明是过去,see怎么穿越回来了?

The gift I made are very pretty. gift是单数啊,are是怎么回事?

大家不要笑,笑的人都是经常犯这种无厘头错误的~~~

4:they,that,this乱入

啊哈,说到这个我就生气~可能大家还不明白什么叫that,this,they乱入。先看例子吧。

It seems that the part the teachers take in our process of learning become increasingly weaker. Thus ,only by improving the facilities that could help students learn better indeed.

谁能告诉我that指代谁,它前面有没有被指代的事物,如果有,在哪里!!!!!

好,言归正传,在英语语法中this,that,they都是代词,既然是代词,必须有指代对象,代词只是指代对象的附庸,绝不能出现没有指代对象,代词先入为主的现象~~经常看到童鞋写着写着自己都不知道他的that,this指代谁。而且,说实话,this,that单独放在句子中是不合适的,(除非that是引导从句)。

比方说,我们比较一下两个句子:

I like the park. This is beautiful!

I like the park. This park is beautiful!

你们觉得哪个比较完整明确?

最后

托福君再为大家总结一下托福写作中常见的22个失分点

大家对照一下,你的写作离高分还有多远

1.结构不平行

例子:I was able to raise my TOEFL score by studying hard and I read lots of books.

将一系列的单词连接起来的时候,应当使用词性相同或同一类型的短语。

2.不知所云

例子:Many companies began using computers mouth.

3.段落过长,不分段,主语与动词一致问题

例子:She are a good friend of mine that I has known for a long time.

主语和动词不一致。

4.句子别扭

例子:We heated the soup in the microwave for too long and the shape of the container changed.

措辞过长或不清。换言之,句子显得滑稽可笑。

5.拼写错误主语、动词或宾语有问题

例子:I want to buy something for my mother that she will like it. There was a terrible accident happen yesterday.

句子的基本结构有问题,缺少主语、动词或宾语,或者这些成分重复。

6.语气与文章不符

例子:I was kind of mad at the guy who vociferated angry words at me. I have heard many wonderful things about such cosmopolitan cities as Paris, London, Tokyo, and Hong Kong and I would love to visit these cities to check them out.

语气与文章其他部分不相符,可能是过于正式或者太不正式。

7.代词指代不明

例子:If people do not speak the same language, it has a greater chance of miscommunication. I intend to complete my studies in the United States because they have good programs there.

代词所指代的指示词(介词所代替的名词)不清楚。

8.过于笼统

例子:We should use our resources on Earth because the Earth is getting worse.

句子或者所表达的意思过于笼统,不能提供多少信息。

9.动词时态错误

例子:Yesterday I will go to the store because tomorrow I needed some food.

动词时态不正确,检查一下是应该用现在时、过去时、将来时或者是完成时等等。

10.介词多余

例子:I would like to discuss about something important that you mentioned about to me during yesterday. We went to downtown yesterday to buy a watch. When I first came to the US, I did not have a lot of friends in here. In class, my classmate never mentioned about her husband.

在表示这种意思时此单词不能与介词连用。这种情况常见于downtown,home,there,here等词。这些词语在英语中是副词而非名词,因而不能在它们前面添加介词。

11.跑题或不相关

例子:There are many reasons to buy a car, preferably a nice car.这个与okay for children to fail sometimes.所表达的意思很普通,大多数人都已经知道了,因而就没有必要再说出来。

12.标点问题

例子:I love animals. And I like to help them. Because they are helpless. So I want to become a vet.

许多学生在句子中使用了太多的句号,尤其是当他们用手写的时候。

13.重复冗余

例子:Personally, I believe what the newspaper prints.

一种意思的表述不止一次,或者某个词语不必要。

14.单数/复数

例子:Many year ago, dinosaur roamed the Earths.

单词需要从单数变为复数,或者由复数变成单数。单数可数名词不能单独使用,应该将其变为复数形式或者加上限定词(a, the, my, his, her, Gary’s, no, any, 1, 3, 50, most,等等)。

15.不要使用缩写

在正式的写作中不要使用缩写形式(can’t,don’t,it’s,we’ll,they’ve等等),而应当使用单词的完整形式(cannot,do not,it is,we will,they have等等)。

16.关联词语重复

例子:Since I want to go to a good school, therefore I am trying to raise my test scores.

不能在该句的主要主语和主要动词前使用连词。

17.句子不完整

例子:Many students have a hard time passing all the tests to getsintoscollege. For example, my friend in high school.

句子没有主要主语或主要动词,因为其实它应是一个从句。这是一个非常常见的错误,修改的方法是将两个句子连接起来。

18.不要使用get

例子:When I got home, I got tired, so I got a book and gotsintosbed.

get太不正式,意思也过于含糊,不适合用在正式的场合。应将get改为一个更加具体的单词,如become, receive, find, achieve,等等。

19.书写难以辨认信息不正确

例子:I would like to study in America because all modern technology originated there.

传递信息不正确,或者让人听起来觉得可能不正确(如果确实是正确的,应当解释为什么这样,因为读者不认为是正确的)。上述例句中,all的意思是百分之百,我们不能绝对地说每一件新东西都是从美国诞生的。为保险起见,应当使用many或most。非英语单词Computers are very helpful and advantageable,尽管看起来像个单词,其实不是,至少不是个英文单词。使用这个单词的另一种形式。

20.选词不恰当

例子:I was late getting home because I lost my way.

在这种情况下不应该使用该词,可选择更好的词语。

21.单词形式不当

例子:I want to creation a great web site so that I can becoming wealth.

所使用的单词的形式不正确,检查一下应该使用该词的名词、形容词或副词形式的哪一种。

22.用词错误

例子:Even I don’t speak Spanish, I was able to find a bathroom in the department store. I gained a lot of pounds during vacation.

用词错误或在此种情况下该词不是最佳用词。

本文整理自互联网。

祝每位学生都考到理想的分数

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