如果你在打電玩時有如下症狀：
自制力差，無法控制遊戲時長及強度……
將遊戲作為生活重心……
不顧負面影響不斷延長遊戲時間……
因為遊戲而嚴重影響了正常家庭生活、社交或工作……
當心！
你可能患上了一種“精神疾病”！
Do you find yourself spending more time playing video games and unable to stop easily? If yes, maybe you should start to worry because you might be addicted to gaming, which is now a mental disorder.
今年年初，世界衛生組織（WHO）決定，將在今年發佈的第11次修訂版《國際疾病分類》（ICD-11）中正式將“遊戲成癮”（gaming disorder）列為精神疾病，相關規定自6月19日起生效，並將通知世界各國政府，將“遊戲成癮”納入醫療體系。
Gaming disorder has officially been classified as a mental health condition for the first time by the World Health Organization (WHO), according to the 11th edition of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11) released on Monday.
“遊戲成癮”的定義是什麼？
根據世衛組織6月18日發佈的最新版《國際疾病分類》，“遊戲成癮”的症狀包括：
1. 對遊戲的自控力低下（遊戲頻率、強度、持續時間等）；
Impaired control over gaming (e.g., onset, frequency,intensity, duration, termination, context);
2. 愈發將電玩的重要性置於其他生活興趣和日常活動之上；
Increasing priority given to gaming to the extent thatgaming takes precedence over other life interests and daily activities;
3. 即使有負面影響也仍然不肯停止和放棄遊戲。
Continuation or escalation of gaming despite the occurrenceof negative consequences.
First listed in ICD-11's draft last December, gaming disorder is defined by WHO as "a pattern of persistent or recurrent gaming behavior ('digital gaming' or 'video-gaming'), which may be online (i.e., over the Internet) or offline."
The designation by WHO is expected to prompt insurance companies to cover gaming-related mental issues, which may encourage gamers to seek help from therapists.
就“遊戲成癮”的診斷標準而言，新版《國際疾病分類》稱，當事人的遊戲行為應已達到對個人、家庭、社交、教育、工作等方面造成重大影響的程度（The behavior pattern is of sufficient severity to result in significant impairment in personal, family, social, educational, occupational or other important areas of functioning）；
據世衛組織，“遊戲成癮”這一精神疾病通常需要至少12個月才能確診，但如成癮特徵明顯，也可縮短診斷時間（The gaming behavior and other features are normally evident over a period of at least 12 months in order for a diagnosis to be assigned, although the required duration may be shortened if all diagnostic requirements are met and symptoms are severe）。
何為《國際疾病分類》？
《國際疾病分類》（ICD）是世界範圍內通用的醫療信息語言。經歷一百多年的不斷修訂，誕生於1893年的《國際疾病分類》已經成為國際通行的流行病學調查、衛生管理和臨床診斷的標準和工具。
ICD is the foundation for the identification of health trends and statistics globally, and the international standard for reporting diseases and health conditions. It is the diagnostic classification standard for all clinical and research purposes.
The first international classification edition, known as the International List of Causes of Death, was adopted by the International Statistical Institute in 1893.
(Source: The official website of WHO)
專家：中國馬上將“遊戲成癮”列為精神疾病的可能性不大
根據《2017年中國遊戲產業報告》，截至2017年底，中國遊戲用戶規模已達5.83億人，移動遊戲在遊戲市場份額中佔比最大，達到57%。
△2018年高考前夕，來自武漢的馬女士致信全國考生，以兒子沉迷網遊導致高考失利的實例發出告誡：遠離網遊，決不能因沉迷遊戲而葬送前途。
Gaming addiction has yet to be recognized as a mental disorder in China despite gaming’s popularity, with the number of Chinese video game users reaching 583 million by the end of 2017, according to a report jointly released by the China Audio-video and Digital Publishing Association (GPC), Gamma Data and the International Data Corporation (IDC).
According to Tian Chenghua, a professor at the Institute for Psychiatric Research at Peking University's No. 6 Hospital, there is still a long way to go for gaming disorder to be treated as a disease in China despite its listing as a mental health condition by WHO, China National Radio reported.
國內企業推出了哪些具體的防遊戲沉迷措施？
去年，騰訊以《王者榮耀》為試點，先後推出了健康遊戲防沉迷三大措施，其中包括：
1.限制遊戲時長：12週歲以下（含12週歲）的未成年每天限制玩一小時，晚上21點後禁止登陸。12週歲以上的未成年則每天限玩兩小時，超出時間限制將會被強制退出遊戲。
2.一鍵禁玩：2月，騰訊推出“成長守護平臺”服務，實現家長對指定的子女設備實施一鍵禁玩的操作。
3.實名認證：5月，騰訊推出遊戲實名認證系統。沒有完成實名註冊的帳號，無法進入《王者榮耀》進行遊戲。
In July last year, Tencent, the Chinese Internet giant behind the hugely popular role-playing game "Honor of Kings", announced it would limit children to playing the game for no more than an hour a day in an attempt to prevent them from online game addiction.
Parents were also enabled with real-time supervision of their children and the ability to immediately shut down game access by registering on a surveillance website, as part of the disciplinary measures enforced by the Internet behemoth.
Launched in November 2015 by Tencent's Timi Studio, "Honor of Kings", in which players battle mythical beasts in a fantasy landscape, has amassed over 200 million registered users with adolescents accounting for almost half, according to the 2016 annual report of the Shenzhen-based company.
電影《頭號玩家》（“Ready for One”）中，男主角在接手虛擬遊戲宇宙 “綠洲”（Oasis）後，發佈了每週二、週四停服的規定，以此告誡玩家：虛擬遊戲世界縱然令人留戀沉迷，但應適可而止，珍惜現實生活，因為：
“只有現實，才是唯一真實的東西。”
“Reality is the only thing that’s real.”
別讓網遊成為逃離現實世界的最後一根稻草，
也別因一時的快意留下餘生悔不當初的遺憾。
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