英語語法精講精練：“主語+系動詞+表語”值得學習或收藏
前言 |
學英語從簡單句開始。學簡單句從基本句型開始。
基本句型的第一個句式：主系表。
下面講解簡單句的基本句型之一：主語+系動詞+表語
講解 |
主語+系動詞+表語
第一點 系動詞的三分類：
1．表示."保持或狀態"類的有be,remain, stay, keep, prove等；
2.表示“變化”類的有grow, turn, get, become, fall，go，come等；
3.表示“感官”類的有look, sound, smell, taste, feel,, seem，appear. 等；
例如:
I am a senior school student while he is a junior one.我是高中生他是初中生。
After four years, Tom became a doctor =turned doctor.四年後，湯姆成了一名醫生。
The story sounds interesting and instructive.這故事聽起來既有趣又有教育意義。
第二點可以充(及物動詞)表語的有形容詞、名詞、副詞(短語)、介詞短語、表語從句、分詞（短語）等。
例如：
In order to keep healthy, he takes exercise everyday.(形容詞作表語)
In my mind, mother is my hero.(名詞作表語)
Look！ Your pet dog is there.(副詞作表語)
The schoolbags come（有） in different sizes.(介詞短語作表語)
You’ve changed a lot. You are not what you were.(表語從句作表語)
Many passengers got injured in the accident.(過去分詞作表語)
The machine keeps running for a long time.（現在分詞短語作表語）
第三點使用系動詞應注意的地方:
（1）沒有被動語態。
(∨)He looks handsome.
(×)He is looked handsome.
（2）一般沒有進行時（除了feel以外）。
(∨)We stay awake.
(×)We are staying awake.
（3）有些動詞既是系動詞又是普通動詞，如：keep, grow, taste, feel, get,smell等。
He keeps healthy.(系動詞)
He keeps a pet dog.(及物動詞)
The apple tastes sweet. (系動詞)
He has tasted an apple. (及物動詞)
（4）非謂語一般用現在分詞。
The apples tasting sweet usually sell well.(tasting sweet 作定語修飾the apples)
鞏固練習 |
根據句子的意思，選擇一個合適的詞填空或根據漢語提示填空：
(1)I _________（remain/keep/stay）a nurse while he has_______(turned/become) engineer
(2) Put the meat in the refridgerator(冰箱).It ______(goes/gets/turns/becomes) bad easily.
(3) What he said_______(sounds/looks/smells/tastes) reasonable.
(4)He feels ________(comfortable/comfortably), working in the air-conditioned office.
(5) When the winter comes, the leaves in the tree turn _________(yellow/green).
(6) My mother ________(looks/appears) young although she is already in her late fifties.
(7) More trees will ________(be grown/grow/) around our school.
(8) We do morning exercises to _________(keep/turn/become) healthy.
(9)The apple ________(tastes/is tasted) sweet.
(10)Those apples _____________(have tasted/have been tasted) already.
（11）Please keep ______(安靜) ; The baby has fallen _______(睡).
(12) They work day and night to make their dream come_______(true/truely).
參考答案
1.remain,turned 2. goes 3. sounds 4. comfortable 5. yellow 6. appears 7.be grown 8. keep 9. tastes 10. have been tasted 11. quiet, asleep 12.true
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