外刊《經濟學人》文章精讀:“見不得人”怎麼翻譯?


外刊《經濟學人》文章精讀:“見不得人”怎麼翻譯?


上週《經濟學人》週刊有一篇分析歐洲銀行業的文章,文章不長,用詞地道精煉又不深奧,很大程度上體現了英文報道的美感,我們看看第一段就好。




原文

If a bank is accused of money-laundering or sanctions-busting by Uncle Sam, the fallout is often devastating. Consider the case of Halkbank, a big Turkish lender, which was indicted this week by prosecutors in New York for evading sanctions on Iran. When the news broke, its share price sank and yields on its bonds soared as investors worried that it might face crippling punishment. Yet the surprising thing is that, notwithstanding America’s tough approach, dodgy business by international banks remains common, even in jurisdictions that you might think were squeaky clean. In particular, Europe seems to have a serious money-laundering problem that it needs to get a grip on。


譯文

如果一家銀行被山姆大叔指控||洗||錢||和||違||反||禁||令||,後果將不堪設想。看一看|土|耳|其|銀行Halkbank就知道了,因逃避|伊|朗|禁|令|這周在紐約被提起公訴。消息一出,投資者擔心其可能面臨致命處罰,Halkbank股價暴跌,債券收益率暴漲。令人驚訝的是,儘管美國嚴格管控,但跨國銀行幹些見不得人的勾當已成常態,甚至是那些你覺得應當無比干淨的業務領域。特別是歐洲,借貸業務存在似乎存在嚴重的問題需要抓緊控制。




詞解


外刊《經濟學人》文章精讀:“見不得人”怎麼翻譯?

  • is accused of

accuse表示“控告、控訴、譴責”,接介詞為of,表示控告的意思後邊一般接具體的罪行,罪行可以是名詞,比如謀殺/盜竊(murder / theft),也可以是動名詞,比如逃避制裁(evading sanction)。其他情況一般理解為“控訴、譴責”,具體含義要看語境。

比如:

accuse sb of murder / theft → 控告某人謀殺/盜竊。

The government was accused of incompetence. → 政府被指責無能。

2019年7月27日經濟學人週刊提到朝鮮譴責俄羅斯侵犯其領空:

South Korea accused Russian aircraft of violating its airspace during a joint military exercise with China.




外刊《經濟學人》文章精讀:“見不得人”怎麼翻譯?


  • fallout

fallout原指(核事故或核爆炸後的)放射性沉降,引申為不好的後果/餘波。

柯林斯詞典對fallout的解釋:

If you refer to the fallout from something that has happened, you mean the unpleasant consequences that follow it. (fallout表示不好的後果)

從詞典的解釋看,fallout後接介詞from,即表示產生後果的源頭事物(人事物都可以表示)。

例句:

Grundy lost his job in the fallout from the incident.

自那次事件後Grundy就丟了工作。




  • evading sanctions on…

evade sanctions是一個固定用法,表示逃避制裁。sanction與賓語之間用介詞on/against聯繫,sanctions on Iran → 對|伊|朗|的制裁。




外刊《經濟學人》文章精讀:“見不得人”怎麼翻譯?

  • cripple

cripple動詞意思為“使殘廢”,引申為“嚴重損害”。

2018年12月經濟學人週刊談到||華||為||事件,有如下表述:

If that happened it could cripple the firm, although the Chinese government or state-owned banks would probably bail it out if necessary.

如果這些主張實施了,將會嚴重損害|華|為|,儘管中國政府和國有銀行很可能對其援助。


對動名詞形式crippling的用法,柯林斯詞典解釋:

If you say that an action, policy, or situation has a crippling effect on something, you mean it has a very serious, harmful effect. → crippling可以表示行動、政策或者境況存在非常嚴重的影響。

比如:a crippling disease → 嚴重損害健康的疾病;crippling debts → 導致經濟癱瘓的債務。




  • not with standing

意思是“儘管如此”,同義詞是despite、in spite of,但是notwithstanding的語氣是三個詞中最弱的,僅僅表示障礙存在。

例句:

The teams played on, notwithstanding the rain.

儘管下雨,各隊仍然比賽。

表示下雨對比賽來說不是大障礙。




  • dodgy business

dodgy意思是“狡詐的、可疑的”,dodgy business是一個固定搭配,字面意思是“可疑的事”,一般表示違規、違法的事,也可以翻譯為“見不得人的勾當”、“不老實的事”,文中指的是銀行洗錢這種違法行為。

例句:

But many think it demonstrates that Britain is better at keeping dodgy business under wraps.

但是很多人認為,這證明英國善於秘密從事那些不老實的交易。

另外dodgy deal也是一個固定說法,表示“見不得人的交易”、“可疑的、暗地裡的交易”。

2019年7月份經濟學人週刊談到意大利經濟的時候,有一句話:

The suspicions of a sinister Moscow-Rome axis have been stirred by tapes, published this week and confirming earlier reports, that appear to show a former close aide to Mr Salvini meeting unidentified Russians in Moscow to discuss the secret funding of the League with money derived from a dodgy oil deal.

這裡a dodgy oil deal → 見不得人的石油交易/暗地裡的石油交易




外刊《經濟學人》文章精讀:“見不得人”怎麼翻譯?

  • squeaky clean

這是一個固定用法,柯林斯詞典解釋:

If you say that someone is squeaky clean, you mean that they live a very moral life and have never done anything wrong. → 形容人非常乾淨、品行完美、無可挑剔。

例句:

squeaky clean hair → 光潔的頭髮。

Maybe this guy isn't so squeaky clean after all. 也許他並不是完美的人




  • get a grip on

grip表示緊抓,get a grip on sth表示緊抓/控制某事件,也可以把get寫成take。

還可以用keep代替get和take, 一直保持著緊抓/控制。

4月20日的經濟學人週刊

Mr Atambayev has kept a grip on the country’s biggest party, the…

|阿|坦|巴|耶|夫|一直控制著國家最大政黨…

再比如8月3日的經濟學人週刊談到美國城市|巴|爾|的|摩|問題,說民主黨一直努力緊緊控制城市的問題:

It has long struggled to get a grip on the city’s problems.


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