這一對狹長的維多利亞時代的倉庫建築修建於1850-60年代，是Lewis Cubitt為倫敦中央的國王十字街區制定的規劃方案的一部分，曾經用於儲存和中轉由英格蘭北部鐵路運送過來的煤塊。在國王十字發展協會的委託下，Heatherwick Studio將這片場地改造為了全新的購物中心。隨著煤礦業的衰落，這兩座雙層建築已經失去了昔日的輝煌。覆蓋著斜脊屋頂、由鑄鐵和磚塊砌築而成的華麗體量部分已被廢棄，在1990年代之前曾被用作輕工業工廠、倉庫和夜店等。項目團隊希望能夠強調出工業建築所擁有的獨特肌理和歷史，同時打造一個統一而現代的公共空間和購物目的地。
Originally part of Lewis Cubitt’s plan for King’s Cross in central London, this pair of elongated Victorian warehouses was built between the 1850s and 60s to store and transfer coal across London, delivered by rail from northern England. The studio was commissioned by the King’s Cross Development Partnership to revitalise the site into a retail quarter. The grandeur of the two-storey coal drops had faded with the demise of coal production. Crowned with slate hipped roofs, their ornate cast-iron and brick structures had become partially derelict, serving light industry, warehousing and nightclubs before partial abandonment in the 1990s. We wanted to celebrate the unique texture and history of the industrial buildings while also creating a unified new public space and retail destination.
▼購物中心是由兩棟用於卸煤的倉庫建築改造而來，the original pair of Victorian warehouses was built between the 1850s and 60s to store and transfer coal across London ©Luke Hayes
項目的挑戰在於要使兩座破舊的建築物和狹長的線性場地蛻變為一座活躍的購物中心，使人們可以在這裡輕鬆地聚集和交流。在此基礎上，事務所將之前從香港太古廣場收穫到的經驗充分地利用到該項目當中。兩座建築的人字形屋頂從內側擴展並相交，在連接兩座高架橋的同時定義出庭院的位置，從而帶來順暢的交通流線。設計師並未選擇在兩座屋頂之間增加一個突兀的矩形結構，而是使它們向高處伸展直至交匯，最終形成一個公共庭院。這種介入方式不僅構建了一個新的樓層，還為建築賦予了一個具有凝聚力的中央區域。
Our challenge was to transform the dilapidated buildings and long, linear site into a lively retail precinct where people could gather and circulate with ease . To develop the concept, we drew on knowledge gained from designing Hong Kong’s Pacific Place shopping mall. We proposed to extend the inner gabled roofs of the warehouses, which would link the two viaducts and define the yard, as well as creating fluid patterns of circulation. Rather than adding another rectangular element between them that would have collided with their geometry, the existing roofs rise and stretch towards each other until they touch above the public courtyard. This intervention forms a new upper storey and gives the project a central focus.
▼兩座建築的人字形屋頂從內側擴展並相交，the inner gabled roofs of the warehouses were extended to link the two viaducts and define the yard ©Luke Hayes
▼兩座屋頂的交匯形成一個公共庭院，the existing roofs rise and stretch towards each other until they touch above the public courtyard ©Luke Hayes
從抬高的屋頂上，人們可以俯瞰到南面的國王十字車站和克里克研究所，以及北面的Cubitt廣場。在下方，新的屋頂帶來了一個20米高的、寬敞的遮蔽空間，人們可以在這裡散步、停歇或舉辦音樂會和表演活動。
From the elevated vantage point, visitors can survey views south to King’s Cross and the Crick Institute, or north to Cubitt Square. Beneath, the new roof creates a sheltered twenty-metre-high space for people to linger in as well as providing a venue large enough to host concerts or performances.
▼20米高的遮蔽空間，a sheltered twenty-metre-high space ©Luke Hayes
▼兩座建築在空中彼此輕輕“觸碰”，two buildings lightly “touch” in mid air ©Hufton+Crow
新屋頂的形式與舊建築煥發的光澤共同展現出一種新舊結合的獨特美感。35米寬的擴建部分從原先的三角形屋頂上順暢地延伸出來，使兩座建築物在空中彼此輕輕“觸碰”。這一結構的實現依附於一個複雜的結構解決方案。為了在實現自承重結構的同時保持舊建築的完整性，建築中新增加了52根鋼柱，它們被隱藏在陳舊的磚塊背後，並由混凝土牆和核心筒來提供支撐。
An amalgam of old and new, the roof form and patina is specific to the site. The new 35-metre-wide extension was designed to flow seamlessly from the original gables and create the illusion of two buildings lightly touching in mid air. This required a complex structural solution. To create a self-supporting intervention that also preserved the integrity of heritage elements, 52 new steel columns were threaded through the existing buildings, concealed behind aged brick and iron, and shored up by concrete walls and cores.
▼擴建部分從原先的三角形屋頂上順暢地延伸出來，the new 35-metre-wide extension was designed to flow seamlessly from the original gables ©Hufton+Crow
▼新增的頂層空間，interior view of the new added storeys ©Hufton+Crow ©Hufton+Crow
▼室內細部，detailed view
如緞帶般起伏的新屋頂由20個鋼製單元構成，並通過螺栓固定在四個桁架結構上，末端仍然由立柱進行支撐。64塊承重玻璃板呈鋸齒狀排列，形成通高的幕牆，為頂層帶來全景視野。屋頂上覆蓋了超過8萬塊瓦片，屋頂處的石板則採用了與原建築相同的、來自於威爾士採石場的材料，旨在形成統一的藍灰色調。
Each of the curving new roof ribbons is formed of 20 steel sections bolted onto four trusses and tied back to the columns. Framing the top floor’s panoramic outlook are 64 panels of full-height structural glass arranged in a staggered, serrated pattern. The cladding of the new roof includes over 80,000 tiles and the roof slates are drawn from the same Welsh quarry as the original Victorian building to give a consistent blue-grey hue.
▼64塊承重玻璃板呈鋸齒狀排列，形成通高的幕牆，64 panels of full-height structural glass are arranged in a staggered, serrated pattern ©Luke Hayes
除了屋頂的改造之外，建築在歷史層面上也得到了廣泛的恢復。建築師致力於維護和強調既有建築的樣貌。在必要的地方，新擴建的部分被賦予了與老式鐵器、磚料、石板、木板以及鵝卵石相似的肌理和色調，與年代更近的標牌和塗鴉共同為商場帶來獨特的個性。
Alongside the primary design adaptation of the roof is the wider restoration of historical structures.The studio sought to enhance and adapt existing buildings as much as possible. Adopting a light touch, where necessary, new additions drew on the palette of aged ironwork, soot-stained brick, slate, timber boards and the cobbled yard of stone setts. Together with more recent signage and graffiti, these rich textures are retained, preserving the Coal Drops’ distinct character.
▼商場後方的街道，street view ©Luke Hayes
▼建築師致力於維護和強調既有建築的樣貌，the studio sought to enhance and adapt existing buildings as much as possible ©Hufton+Crow
▼室內細部，detailed view ©Luke Hayes
購物中心的總面積為10萬平方英尺，包含購物、餐飲和活動區域，一系列街道在水平和垂直方向上形成連接。商場中包含55個不同面積的零售單元，適用於從快閃店到大規模品牌店等各種類型的零售方式，與一般的扁平化購物體驗形成了鮮明的對比。商場的入口位於高架橋的兩端，顧客可以通過橋樑和臺階等多種方式進入庭院並在商場內自如穿行。
Giving 100,000 square feet in total for shopping, dining and events, the retail quarter is conceived of as a series of streets linked horizontally and vertically. In contrast to the homogenous experience of a shopping mall, the 55 units vary in size and accommodate a range of retailers – from fledgling pop-up stores to large-scale units for established brands. Entrances at both ends of the viaducts and multiple connections into the yard via bridges and stairs create an accessible space that encourages people to pass through and around the project naturally.
▼商場外觀，exterior view ©Heatherwick Studio
©Luke Hayes
▼屋頂視角，rooftop ©Luke Hayes
▼整體鳥瞰，aerial view ©Luke Hayes
▼施工照片，construction site ©Hufton+Crow
▼場地平面圖，site plan
▼東立面圖（外側），east elevation (ECD)
▼西立面圖（外側），west elevation (ECD)
▼東立面圖（內側），east elevation (WCD)
▼西立面圖（內側），east elevation (WCD)
▼北立面圖，north elevation
▼南立面圖，south elevation
▼剖面圖，sections
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