The only thing we have to fear is fear itself.
我们唯一值得恐惧的，是恐惧本身
当前新冠肺炎（Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia or NCP）导致众人恐慌
这句话用在当下也非常切合时宜。
那么这句名言是谁说的呢？
没错，就是
富兰克林·德拉诺·罗斯福
(Franklin Delano Roosevelt or FDR)
FDR是美国第32任总统
是美国历史上首位连任四届（病逝于第四届任期中）的总统
人称“小罗斯福”
【区别于“老罗斯福” 西奥多·罗斯福 (Theodore Roosevelt)，老罗斯福是美国第26任总统。小罗斯福是老罗斯福的远房侄子】
今天这两段内容的主人翁（hero）
就是说了这句“恐惧”名言的小罗斯福
请看：
（整篇文章见 经济学人｜俾斯麦、丘吉尔和罗斯福 ）
俾斯麦创建了一个成功的联合企业，而罗斯福则是一个力挽狂澜的高手。和那位普鲁士人一样，罗斯福也很会相机行事。虽然他在竞选时承诺平衡预算，但当情势需要时，他见机而行，成为了第一个
奉行凯恩斯主义的领导人。经济学家们日后也许一直会为其各种政策措施的功过争论不休。但就像一位挽救了一家濒危企业的高管一样，罗斯福展现出了提振士气的领袖力量。尤其振奋人心的是他就职演说中的那句宣言：“我们唯一值得恐惧的是恐惧本身。”Where Bismarck built a successful conglomerate, Roosevelt proved to be a consummate turnaround artist. Like the Prussian, FDR showed plenty of flexibility. Although he campaigned for office on the promise of a balanced budget, he adapted when circumstances required it to become the first Keynesian leader. Economists will probably spend the rest of history debating the merits of his various policy measures. But like an executive who rescues a failing company, he showed the power of leaders to change the mood, notably with his inaugural declaration that “the only thing we have to fear is fear itself.”
01. Consummate: extremely skilled/skillful
撒谎高手：a consummate liar
他是一个技艺非凡的表演者
He was a consummate performer.
他以精湛的演技饰演了这一角色
He acted the part with consummate skill.
那些熟悉桑德斯的人都称他为手段高明的政治家
Those familiar with Sanders call him a consummate politician.
这部电影是一部制作精良、很有感染力、表演臻于完美的作品
This film is a well-made, atmospheric, consummately acted piece.
02. Office:（政府）要职
office这个词我们很常见，但它有很多意思。
本文的意思是：
[C,U] an important job or position with power, especially in government
（尤指政府中）拥有权力的重要职位
the office of president
总统职位
a five-year term of office (= period of time working in an important job)
五年的任期
the office of treasurer
司库的职务
常见搭配有：
1. Take office
A provisional military government took office (started in an important job or position).
一个临时军政府开始执政。
2. Hold office
She held office as a cabinet minister for ten years.
她担任内阁部长长达十年。
3. in office
She was celebrating ten years in office.
她正庆祝自己任职十年。
How long has he been in office ?
他任职多久了?
The events to mark the President's ten years in office went ahead as planned.
总统任职10周年的庆祝活动按计划进行。
4. out of office
The party has been out of office (= has not formed a government) for many years.
那个党已在野多年了。
They are fed up with the politicians and want to vote them out of office.
他们再也无法忍受这些政客，希望通过选举把他们赶下台。
5. to seek/run for office
谋求/竞选公职
to stand for office (British English)
竞选要职
03. Keynesianism 凯恩斯主义
源自著名英国经济学家凯恩斯（John Maynard Keynes）
Definition:
the economic theories and programs ascribed to John M. Keynes and his followers
凯恩斯及其支持者提出的经济理论和方案
Specifically:
the advocacy of monetary and fiscal programs by government to increase employment and spending.
主张政府采取货币、财政措施增加就业、促进消费
凯恩斯最重要的作品是：
《就业、利息与货币通论》
The General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money
（《国富论》的作者是亚当·斯密）
1933年罗斯福就任总统后，失业率开始下降，GDP开始上升。在他首个任期内，GDP的年增速达9.5%。虽然罗斯福采取的方针路线引起发了诸多疑虑，但他想要达到的目标却是无可置疑的，不论是终结大萧条还是赢得二战胜利。他频繁而清晰地传达自己的信息，现代的领导应该学习罗斯福这一点——哪怕比起通过收音机与民众来场“炉边谈话”，他们更愿意发推特。
As he took over the presidency, in 1933, unemployment started to fall and GDP began to rise; the latter rose by 9.5% a year in his first term of office. Although there was plenty of doubt about the route that Roosevelt took, there was no question about his desired destination, whether ending the Depression or winning the second world war. He communicated his message clearly and often—a lesson to modern bosses, even if they prefer Twitter to fireside chats on the wireless.
04. Communicate
communicate 我们最开始学到的意思可能是“与某人交流、交谈”
但本文的意思是“传达，传递(想法、感情、思想等)”
to make your ideas, feelings, thoughts, etc. known to other people so that they understand them
既可做及物动词（vt），也可做不及物动词（vi）
vt： Communicate sth (to sb)
They successfully communicate their knowledge to others.
他们成功地把知识传授给他人。
The results will be communicated to parents.
结果会通知父母。
The decision was communicated to our staff.
这一决定传达给了我们的员工。
A baby communicates its needs by crying.
婴儿用哭来表达需要。
Without meaning to, she communicated her anxiety to her child.
她无意中向孩子传达了她的焦虑。
He was eager to communicate his ideas to the group.
他急于把他的想法传达给小组。
Her nervousness was communicating itself to the children.
她紧张不安的情绪传递给了孩子们。
His enthusiasm communicated itself to the voters.
他的热情传递给了选民。
vi [单独使用的动词]
Candidates must be able to communicate effectively.
候选人必须善于有效地表达自己。
A teacher must be able to communicate effectively to students.
教师必须能够有效地对学生表达自己的意思。
此外：
communicate 还有“传播疾病”的意思：
to pass a disease from one person, animal, etc. to another
传染;传播（疾病）（常用被动）
Eg.
The disease is communicated through dirty drinking water.
这种疾病通过不干净的饮用水传播。
communicalbe diseases 传染性疾病
05. Fireside Chats 炉边谈话
The Fireside Chats refer to some 30 speeches President Franklin D. Roosevelt addressed to the American people via radio from March 1933 to June 1944.
06. Wireless
本文的意思是：
a radio 无线电收音机
影视台词：
--I can’t make myself believe it.
--Me neither
——我还是难以相信/简直不敢相信
——我也是
You must tell Mary. She can’t hear about it from anyone else.
……必须你亲口告诉她。
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