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今天我們接著來看第93課的“每課一句”。
一、課文原文
Lesson 93 A noble gift
One of the most famous monuments in the world, the Statue of Liberty, was presented to the United States of America in the nineteenth century by the people of France. The great statue, which was designed by the sculptor Auguste Bartholdi, took ten years to complete. The actual figure was made of copper supported by a metal framework which had been especially constructed by Eiffel. Before it could be transported to the United States, a site had to be found for it and a pedestal had to be built. The site chosen was an island at the entrance of New York Harbour. By 1884, a statue which was 151 feet tall had been erected in Paris. The following year, it was taken to pieces and sent to America. By the end of October 1886, the statue had been put together again and it was officially presented to the American people by Bartholdi. Ever since then, the great monument has been a symbol of liberty for the millions of people who have passed through New York Harbour to make their homes in America.
——選自《新概念英語》第二冊，外語教學與研究出版社，1997年10月第1版
二、每課一句
The actual figure was made of copper supported by a metal framework which had been especially constructed by Eiffel.
注意本句話中的“supported by a metal framework”，其形式上是過去分詞短語，但實際上是起著定語的作用，用來修飾先行詞copper。
但是，從邏輯含義上看，也有人認為，“supported by a metal framework”其實應該是用來修飾先行詞“the actual figure”的。
所以，如果按照原句的結構安排，定語成分“supported by a metal framework”到底修飾哪個成分會引起誤解。
為了不引起這種誤解，其實可以把原句調整為：
Made of copper, the actual figure was supported by a metal framework which had been especially constructed by Eiffel。
當然，如果作者原本就是想要用“supported by a metal framework”來修飾先行詞copper的話，那麼這個定語本身的處理也值得我們注意。
其實，“supported by a metal framework”原本應該是個定語從句，其完整原形為：
which was supported by a metal framework
之所以要改為分詞短語結構“supported by a metal framework”，是因為在framework後面又有一個由which引導的定語從句，用來修飾先行詞framework。
所以，作者之所以把前面的定語從句改為分詞短語結構，主要是為了避免前後兩個定語從句在結構上的重複。
三、更多拓展
The great statue, which was designed by the sculptor Auguste Bartholdi, took ten years to complete.
本句話中由which引導的也是一個定語從句，用來修飾先行詞the great statue。
只是，這個定語從句的前後都用逗號隔開了，因為它是個非限定性定語從句。
問題是作者為什麼在這裡採用非限定性定語從句呢？
這其實是因為其先行詞the great statue就是指the Stature of Liberty（自由女神像），而自由女神像是具有唯一性。英語中，當先行詞具有唯一性時，其後的定語從句就要採用非限定性的定語從句。
如果覺得好，歡迎繼續關注廖懷寶的頭條號“新概念英語的教與學”！
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