聽力原文如下
<code>1.I would like to share with you this morning some stories about the ocean through my work as a still photographer for National Geographic magazine.
今天早上我想與你們分享 在我作為一名國家地理雜誌 的攝影師時的 一些關於海洋的報道。
2.I guess I became an underwater photographer and a photojournalist because I fell in love with the sea as a child.
我想我成為一名水下攝影師 和攝影記者 是因為在我還是個孩子時就愛上了大海。
3.And I wanted to tell stories about all the amazing things I was seeing underwater, incredible wildlife and interesting behaviors.
並且我想講述一些 關於我在水下看到的所有令人驚歎的事， 不可思議的野生動物和他們有趣的行為。
4.And after even 30 years of doing this, after 30 years of exploring the ocean, I never cease to be amazed at the extraordinary encounters that I have while I'm at sea.
而在從事這些三十年後， 在對海洋進行三十年的探索之後， 我從未停止過對 那些我在海上遇到的非凡遭遇的驚奇。
5.But more and more frequently these days I'm seeing terrible things underwater as well, things that I don't think most people realize.
但這些天來，我也越來越頻繁的 在水下看到可怕的事情， 那些我認為許多人沒有意識到的事情。
6.And I've been compelled to turn my camera towards these issues to tell a more complete story.
而我不得以把我的相機轉向這些問題， 來講述一個更完整的報道。
7.I want people to see what's happening underwater, both the horror and the magic.
我想讓人們看看水下正在發生的事情， 無論是可怕的還是充滿魔力的。
8.The first story that I did for National Geographic, where I recognized the ability to include environmental issues within a natural history coverage,
第一個報道是在我為國家地理工作時， 在那兒我認識到了 在自然歷史封面故事中報道環境問題的能力，
9.was a story I proposed on harp seals.
這個報道是關於格林蘭海豹的。
10.The story I wanted to do initially was just a small focus to look at the few weeks each year where these animals migrate down from the Canadian arctic
現在，我想說的報道，起初 只是小小的關注一下，在每年的幾個星期中 這些動物為了求愛，交配和產子
11.to the Gulf of St. Lawrence in Canada to engage in courtship, mating and to have their pups.
從加拿大境內的北極圈遷徙 到加拿大的聖勞倫斯海灣。
12.And all of this is played out against the backdrop of transient pack ice that moves with wind and tide.
而這一切都是為了把握住 被風和洋流移動的 轉瞬即逝的浮冰。
13.And because I'm an underwater photographer, I wanted to do this story from both above and below, to make pictures like this that show one of these little pups
而由於我是一名水下攝影師， 我想從水下和水上兩個角度來講述這一報道， 來拍攝照片，像這張，顯示了這些小海豹中的一個，
14.making its very first swim in the icy 29-degree water.
在冰冷的，29華氏的水中開始它真正的第一次游泳。
15.But as I got more involved in the story, I realized that there were two big environmental issues I couldn't ignore.
但是隨著我更深入的參與到這個報道中， 我認識到有兩個令我不能忽視的大的環境問題。
16.The first was that these animals continue to be hunted, killed with hakapiks at about eight, 15 days old.
第一個是，這些動物持續被獵殺， 在大約8到15天大時，被棘棒殺死。
17.It actually is the largest marine mammal slaughter on the planet, with hundreds of thousands of these seals being killed every year.
實際上，這是這個星球上 最大規模的對海洋哺乳動物的屠殺， 每年都有數以百計，數以千記的海豹被殺害。
18.But as disturbing as that is, I think the bigger problem for harp seals is the loss of sea ice due to global warming.
但令人不安的是， 我認為對格陵蘭海豹來說最大的問題是， 由於全球變暖導致的海冰的減少。
19.This is an aerial picture that I made that shows the Gulf of St. Lawrence during harp seal season.
我拍攝的這張航拍照片顯示了 在格陵蘭海豹繁殖季的聖勞倫斯海灣。
20.And even though we see a lot of ice in this picture, there's a lot of water as well, which wasn't there historically.
雖然我們在照片中看到了大量的冰， 同時也有大量過去沒有的水面。
21.And the ice that is there is quite thin.
而且這些冰相當薄。
22.The problem is that these pups need a stable platform of solid ice in order to nurse from their moms.
問題是，為了得到它們母親的照料，這些小海豹需要 一個由堅實的冰形成的穩固的平臺。
23.They only need 12 days from the moment they're born until they're on their own.
從它們出生到能夠照顧自己只需要12天。
24.But if they don't get 12 days, they can fall into the ocean and die.
但如果沒有這12天， 它們會掉入海洋死掉。
25.This is a photo that I made showing one of these pups that's only about five or seven days old -- still has a little bit of the umbilical cord on its belly --
我拍攝的這張照片顯示了 一隻大約5到7天大的小海豹-- 在它的肚臍上還殘留了一點臍帶--
26.that has fallen in because of the thin ice, and the mother is frantically trying to push it up to breathe and to get it back to stable purchase.
它由於冰面太薄而掉入海中， 它的媽媽正瘋狂的試著把它推上去呼吸， 並讓它回到穩固的地方。
27.This problem has continued to grow each year since I was there.
自從我在那兒以來，這一問題每年都持續惡化。
28.I read that last year the pup mortality rate was 100 percent in parts of the Gulf of St. Lawrence.
我發現，去年，在聖勞倫斯海灣的部分地方 小海豹的死亡率是百分之百。
29.So, clearly, this species has a lot of problems going forward.
所以，很明顯，這個物種面臨著很多問題。
30.This ended up becoming a cover story at National Geographic.
這最終成為了國家地理的一篇封面報道。
31.And it received quite a bit of attention.
並且它獲得了一定的關注。
32.And with that, I saw the potential to begin doing other stories about ocean problems.
而有了這些關注，我看到了開始 從事有關海洋問題的相關題材的潛力。
33.So I proposed a story on the global fish crisis, in part because I had personally witnessed a lot of degradation in the ocean over the last 30 years,
因此我起草了一個關於全球魚類危機的報道， 部分是因為在過去三十年間，我親眼目睹了 這一問題在海洋中的惡化過程，
34.but also because I read a scientific paper that stated that 90 percent of the big fish in the ocean have disappeared in the last 50 or 60 years.
也是因為我讀了一篇科學論文， 這篇論文表明，海洋中百分之九十的大型魚類 已經在過去的50或60年內消失了。
35.These are the tuna, the billfish and the sharks.
如金槍魚，旗魚和鯊魚。
36.When I read that, I was blown away by those numbers.
而當我讀到這些時，我被這些數字驚呆了。
37.I thought this was going to be headline news in every media outlet, but it really wasn't, so I wanted to do a story that was a very different kind of underwater story.
我認為這應該成為各種媒體的頭條新聞。 但實際上它沒有，所以我想做 這一與水下報道完全不同的報道。
38.I wanted it to be more like war photography, where I was making harder-hitting pictures that showed readers what was happening to marine wildlife around the planet.
我希望它更像是戰爭攝影， 其中有我捕捉到的那些難得一見的鏡頭 來向讀者呈現在全球範圍內 海洋野生動物正在面臨的危機。
39.The first component of the story that I thought was essential, however, was to give readers a sense of appreciation for the ocean animals that they were eating.
報道的第一部分，我認為是無論如何都必不可少的， 是讓讀者有一種對為他們所食用 的海洋動物的感激之情。
40.You know, I think people go into a restaurant, and somebody orders a steak, and we all know where steak comes from, and somebody orders a chicken, and we know what a chicken is,
嗯，我想當人們走進飯店， 點一份牛排，我們都知道牛排是從哪兒來的， 而點一份雞肉，我們也知道雞是什麼樣的，
41.but when they're eating bluefin sushi, do they have any sense of the magnificent animal that they're consuming?
但當吃一份藍鰭金槍魚壽司時， 人們對這種他們正在吃的這種偉大的動物知道多少呢？
42.These are the lions and tigers of the sea.
現在，它們是海洋中的獅子和老虎。
43.In reality, these animals have no terrestrial counterpart; they're unique in the world.
事實上，這些動物並沒有相對應的陸上生物。 它們是這世界上唯一的。
44.These are animals that can practically swim from the equator to the poles and can crisscross entire oceans in the course of a year.
它們是幾乎能從 赤道游到兩極的動物 並且它們能在一年內在整個海洋中縱橫遊弋。
45.If we weren't so efficient at catching them, because they grow their entire life, would have 30-year-old bluefin out there that weigh a ton.
如果我們不是這麼有效率的去捕捉它們，它們一直生長，終其一生， 我們可能會看到一隻可能會重達一噸的三十歲的藍鰭金槍魚。
46.But the truth is we're way too efficient at catching them, and their stocks have collapsed worldwide.
但事實是，我們在捕捉它們上太有效率了， 它們在全球的數量暴跌。
47.This is the daily auction at the Tsukiji Fish Market that I photographed a couple years ago.
這是我幾年前在築地魚類市場 拍攝的每日拍賣。
48.And every single day these tuna, bluefin like this, are stacked up like cordwood, just warehouse after warehouse.
而每一天，這些金槍魚，像這樣的藍鰭金槍魚， 被像木材一樣堆積在 一個又一個倉庫。
49.As I wandered around and made these pictures, it sort of occurred to me that the ocean's not a grocery store, you know.
而在我四處轉悠，拍下這些照片時， 我突然想到，海洋不是一個雜貨店，你知道的。
50.We can't keep taking without expecting serious consequences as a result.
我們不能不斷的索取，並期待 不會產生嚴重的後果。
51.I also, with the story, wanted to show readers how fish are caught, some of the methods that are used to catch fish, like a bottom trawler, which is one of the most common methods in the world.
用這篇報道，我同時也想向讀者展示 魚類是如何被抓住和一些用來捕魚的方法， 如一艘拖網漁船，這是世界上最通用的捕魚方法之一。
52.This was a small net that was being used in Mexico to catch shrimp, but the way it works is essentially the same everywhere in the world.
這是一張在墨西哥用於捕蝦的小網， 但在世界各地，它的工作方式在本質上是一樣的。
53.You have a large net in the middle with two steel doors on either end.
在兩端的兩個鋼製門中間 放置一張大網。
54.And as this assembly is towed through the water, the doors meet resistance with the ocean, and it opens the mouth of the net, and they place floats at the top and a lead line on the bottom.
當這個裝置在水中被拖動時， 門受到海水的阻力， 然後它會張開網， 而後他們會在頂部放置浮標和在底部放置一條引導線。
55.And this just drags over the bottom, in this case to catch shrimp.
接著，通過這根線在底部拖拽來捕蝦。
56.But as you can imagine, it's catching everything else in its path as well.
但正如你所能想到的那樣，它還會捕捉在它行進路線上其他的一切。
57.And it's destroying that precious benthic community on the bottom, things like sponges and corals, that critical habitat for other animals.
而這會破壞海底珍貴的底棲生物群落， 如海綿和珊瑚， 而這是其他動物的重要棲息地。
58.This photograph I made of the fisherman holding the shrimp that he caught after towing his nets for one hour.
我拍攝的這張照片是漁民 拿著他拖網一小時後捕來的蝦。
59.So he had a handful of shrimp, maybe seven or eight shrimp, and all those other animals on the deck of the boat are bycatch.
那麼，他收穫幾隻蝦，也許七隻或者八隻蝦， 而甲板上所有其他的動物都是誤捕的。
60.These are animals that died in the process, but have no commercial value.
這些是在被捕獲的過程中就死去了的動物 但它們沒有商業價值。
61.So this is the true cost of a shrimp dinner, maybe seven or eight shrimp and 10 pounds of other animals that had to die in the process.
這就是為吃一頓蝦的真實代價， 也許有七八隻蝦 和10磅不得不在被捕獲過程中死去的其他動物。
62.And to make that point even more visual, I swam under the shrimp boat and made this picture of the guy shoveling this bycatch into the sea as trash
而為了讓這一點更加直觀，我游到了捕蝦船的下面， 並拍攝了這張照片，一個漁人把誤捕物 像垃圾一樣鏟入海中，
63.and photographed this cascade of death, you know, animals like guitarfish, bat rays, flounder, pufferfish, that only an hour before,
拍攝了這大量的死亡， 嗯，這些動物，像犁頭鰩，鰏鱝 ， 比目魚，河豚在一個小時之前，
64.were on the bottom of the ocean, alive, but now being thrown back as trash.
還在海底，活著， 但現在卻被當做垃圾扔回海洋。
65.I also wanted to focus on the shark fishing industry because, currently on planet Earth, we're killing over 100 million sharks every single year.
我也想聚焦於鯊魚捕撈業， 因為，目前在地球上， 我們每年殺死超過 100萬條鯊魚。
66.But before I went out to photograph this component, I sort of wrestled with the notion of how do you make a picture of a dead shark
但在我出去拍攝這部分之前， 我對如何為死去的鯊魚拍攝一張
67.that will resonate with readers You know, I think there's still a lot of people out there who think the only good shark is a dead shark.
能讓讀者產生共鳴的照片有些糾結。 嗯，我想仍然有許多人覺得 只有死鯊魚才是好鯊魚。
68.But this one morning I jumped in and found this thresher that had just recently died in the gill net.
但在一個早晨我跳入水中，發現了這條長尾鯊， 它剛剛死在這張刺網中。
69.And with its huge pectoral fins and eyes still very visible, it struck me as sort of a crucifixion, if you will.
它那巨大的胸鰭和眼睛還清晰可見， 它有點像耶穌受難像那樣讓我目瞪口呆，如果你願意那麼說的話。
70.This ended up being the lead picture in the global fishery story in National Geographic.
這張照片最終在國家地理的全球漁業報道 中成為了主要照片。
71.And I hope that it helped readers to take notice of this problem of 100 million sharks.
並且我希望它能幫助讀者注意到 這個一億條鯊魚都在面臨的問題。
72.And because I love sharks -- I'm somewhat obsessed with sharks -- I wanted to do another, more celebratory, story about sharks, as a way of talking about the need for shark conservation.
而由於我愛鯊魚--我對鯊魚有些著迷-- 我想做另一個，更加開心些的關於鯊魚的報道， 來談談保護鯊魚的必要性。
73.So I went to the Bahamas because there're very few places in the world where sharks are doing well these days, but the Bahamas seem to be a place where stocks were reasonably healthy,
因此我去了巴哈馬群島， 因為那是目前世界上少有的 對鯊魚保護的比較好的地方， 在巴哈馬群島，鯊魚數量似乎相當健康，
74.largely due to the fact that the government there had outlawed longlining several years ago.
這很大程度上歸功於當地政府 在幾年前取締了延繩釣。
75.And I wanted to show several species that we hadn't shown much in the magazine and worked in a number of locations.
我想展示一些我們 在雜誌中沒怎麼展示過的物種。它們生活在許多地方。
76.One of the locations was this place called Tiger Beach, in the northern Bahamas where tiger sharks aggregate in shallow water.
其中有一個叫做老虎海灘的地方， 在巴哈馬群島的北部，在那兒虎鯊 聚集在淺水中。
77.This is a low-altitude photograph that I made showing our dive boat with about a dozen of these big old tiger sharks sort of just swimming around behind.
這張我從低角度拍攝的照片 顯示了在我們的潛水船周圍圍繞著大約一打巨大的年老的虎鯊， 它們只是在下面四處遊動。
78.But the one thing I definitely didn't want to do with this coverage was to continue to portray sharks as something like monsters.
但我絕對不想讓這張封面 繼續把鯊魚描繪的有點像怪獸似的。
79.I didn't want them to be overly threatening or scary.
我不想它們被渲染的過度有威脅或可怕。
80.And with this photograph of a beautiful 15-feet, probably 14-feet, I guess, female tiger shark, I sort of think I got to that goal,
而用這張有一條美麗的 15英尺，或許14英尺，我估計， 雌性虎鯊的照片， 我認為我有點達到目的了，
81.where she was swimming with these little barjacks off her nose, and my strobe created a shadow on her face.
她在水中漫遊，一些平線若鰺環繞在她鼻側， 我的閃光燈在她臉上產生了一道陰影。
82.And I think it's a gentler picture, a little less threatening, a little more respectful of the species.
而我想這張照片有更多的優雅，更少的威脅， 有對這個物種更多尊重。
83.I also searched on this story for the elusive great hammerhead, an animal that really hadn't been photographed much until maybe about seven or 10 years ago.
我也檢索了一篇關於 這隻鮮見的大錘頭鯊的報道， 這類動物直到大約七年或十年之前 還沒怎麼被拍攝過。
84.It's a very solitary creature.
它是一種完全獨居的生物。
85.But this is an animal that's considered data deficient by science in both Florida and in the Bahamas.
但這種動物無論是在佛羅里達還是在巴哈馬群島 都被認為是一種缺乏科學數據的有待研究的物種。
86.You know, we know almost nothing about them.
嗯，我們對它們幾乎一無所知。
87.We don't know where they migrate to or from, where they mate, where they have their pups, and yet, hammerhead populations in the Atlantic
我們不知道它們從哪兒遷徙而來，要遷徙到哪兒去， 它們在哪兒交配，在哪兒撫育幼仔， 然而，錘頭鯊在大西洋的種群
88.have declined about 80 percent in the last 20 to 30 years.
在最近的二三十年內減少了大約百分之八十。
89.You know, we're losing them faster than we can possibly find them.
你知道的，我們正在以比我們可能找到它們更快的速度失去它們。
90.This is the oceanic whitetip shark, an animal that is considered the fourth most dangerous species, if you pay attention to such lists.
這是白鰭鯊， 一種被認為在最危險的物種中排名第四的物種， 如果你留意了這樣的列表的話。
91.But it's an animal that's about 98 percent in decline throughout most of its range.
但是這種動物的數量，在大多數它們的活動區域內 大約下降了98%。
92.Because this is a pelagic animal and it lives out in the deeper water, and because we weren't working on the bottom, I brought along a shark cage here,
由於它是種遠洋動物，並且它生活在深水中， 並由於我們沒有在海下工作過， 我帶了個防鯊籠，
93.and my friend, shark biologist Wes Pratt is inside the cage.
我的朋友，鯊魚生物學家維斯 普拉特呆在這個籠子裡。
94.You'll see that the photographer, of course, was not inside the cage here, so clearly the biologist is a little smarter than the photographer I guess.
當然，你將看到攝影師並不在籠子裡， 很明顯生物學家要比攝影師聰明一點，我覺得。
95.And lastly with this story, I also wanted to focus on baby sharks, shark nurseries.
在這報道的最後， 我還想關注一下幼鯊的託兒所。
96.And I went to the island of Bimini, in the Bahamas, to work with lemon shark pups.
為了觀察檸檬鯊幼鯊， 我又去了巴哈馬群島的比米尼島，
97.This is a photo of a lemon shark pup, and it shows these animals where they live for the first two to three years of their lives in these protective mangroves.
這是張檸檬鯊幼鯊的照片， 照片顯示的是，這些動物在生命的頭兩三年裡生活在 受保護的紅樹林。
98.This is a very sort of un-shark-like photograph.
這甚至於有點不像是張鯊魚的照片。
99.It's not what you typically might think of as a shark picture.
這不是那種通常意義上的鯊魚照片。
100.But, you know, here we see a shark that's maybe 10 or 11 inches long swimming in about a foot of water.
但，你知道，我們在這裡看到一條10或11英尺長的鯊魚 遊弋在大約一英尺深的水中。
101.But this is crucial habitat and it's where they spend the first two, three years of their lives, until they're big enough to go out on the rest of the reef.
但這是重要的棲息地，它們會在這兒度過生命中的頭兩三年， 直到它們足夠強壯才會游到暗礁的其他地方去。
102.After I left Bimini, I actually learned that this habitat was being bulldozed to create a new golf course and resort.
在我離開比米尼之後，我真正地認識到 這些棲息地正在被推平來 建設一個新的高爾夫球場和度假勝地。
103.And other recent stories have looked at single, flagship species, if you will, that are at risk in the ocean as a way of talking about other threats.
如果你願意，我們來看看其他一些最近的報道， 關注於單一的，旗艦物種的報道， 它們所面臨的風險， 以此說明其他的威脅。
104.One such story I did documented the leatherback sea turtle.
這是我記錄稜皮龜的一篇報道。
105.This is the largest, widest-ranging, deepest-diving and oldest of all turtle species.
這是所有海龜中最大的，分佈最廣的， 潛水最深的，也是最長壽的一種。
106.Here we see a female crawling out of the ocean under moonlight on the island of Trinidad.
在這兒我們看到的是，在特立尼達島上，一隻雌龜 在月光下 爬出海洋。
107.These are animals whose lineage dates back about 100 million years.
這種動物的歷史可以追溯至大約一億年前。
108.And there was a time in their lifespan where they were coming out of the water to nest and saw Tyrannosaurus rex running by.
在它們的生命中，曾經在 它們爬出水面築巢時 看著雷克斯暴龍從旁邊跑過。
109.And today, they crawl out and see condominiums.
而今天，它們爬出來，看到的是公寓。
110.But despite this amazing longevity, they're now considered critically endangered.
但是，儘管有著令人驚歎的長壽， 現在，它們被認為處於極度瀕危。
111.In the Pacific, where I made this photograph, their stocks have declined about 90 percent in the last 15 years.
在太平洋，我拍攝了這張照片， 它們的數量在近15年裡 下降了大約百分之九十。
112.This is a photograph that shows a hatchling about to taste saltwater for the very first time beginning this long and perilous journey.
這張照片顯示的是，一隻剛孵出的幼龜 正打算第一次嘗試海水， 開始它漫長的冒險之旅。
113.Only one in a thousand leatherback hatchlings will reach maturity.
只有千分之一的 稜皮龜幼龜會到達成年階段。
114.But that's due to natural predators like vultures that pick them off on a beach or predatory fish that are waiting offshore.
但這取決於他們的天敵 比如，在海灘上啄食它們的禿鷹 或是等在近海的掠食性魚類。
115.Nature has learned to compensate with that, and females have multiple clutches of eggs to overcome those odds.
自然學會了對這些進行補償， 雌龜會產下多窩蛋來 克服這種不利局面。
116.But what they can't deal with is anthropogenic stresses, human things, like this picture that shows a leatherback caught at night in a gill net.
但是它們無法應付的是人為的壓力， 人類的行為，如這張照片中所顯示的 一隻稜皮龜在晚上被一張刺網所捕獲。
117.I actually jumped in and photographed this, and with the fisherman's permission, I cut the turtle out, and it was able to swim free.
實際上我在跳下水拍攝的這張照片之後， 在漁民的允許下 把這隻海龜從網裡剪下來，這樣它就能自由遊動了。
118.But, you know, thousands of other leatherbacks each year are not so fortunate, and the species' future is in great danger.
但，你知道，每年有數以千計的稜皮龜 並沒有這麼幸運， 這個物種的未來面臨著極大的危險。
119.Another charismatic megafauna species that I worked with is the story I did on the right whale.
在我參與過的報道中，另一個極具魅力的大型物種 是露脊鯨。
120.And essentially, the story is this with right whales, that about a million years ago, there was one species of right whale on the planet,
而且基本上，關於露脊鯨的報道是這樣的， 大約一百萬年前，在這個 星球上有一種露脊鯨，
121.but as land masses moved around and oceans became isolated, the species sort of separated, and today we have essentially two distinct stocks.
但當大陸板塊移動，海洋被分割， 這個物種被分隔開了， 因此如今，本質上說有兩個截然不同的種群。
122.We have the Southern right whale that we see here and the North Atlantic right whale that we see here with a mom and calf off the coast of Florida.
我們在這兒看到的是南露脊鯨， 而在這兒看到的是北大西洋露脊鯨， 母鯨帶著孩子離開佛羅里達的海岸。
123.Now, both species were hunted to the brink of extinction by the early whalers, but the Southern right whales have rebounded a lot better
目前，這兩種鯨都已經被早期的捕鯨者獵殺至 滅絕的邊緣。 但南露脊鯨的數量有了更大的反彈，
124.because they're located in places farther away from human activity.
這是因為它們所在的區域 離人類活動更遠些。
125.The North Atlantic right whale is listed as the most endangered species on the planet today because they are urban whales; they live along the east coast
北大西洋露脊鯨被列入 目前地球上最瀕危物種名單， 因為它們是城市鯨，他們生活在北美洲東海岸沿線，
126.of North America, United States and Canada, and they have to deal with all these urban ills.
美國和加拿大， 他們不得不面對一些城市病。
127.This photo shows an animal popping its head out at sunset off the coast of Florida.
這張照片顯示了一頭鯨在夕陽下的佛羅里達海岸把它的頭探出海面。
128.You can see the coal burning plant in the background.
你能看到背景中的燒煤的電廠。
129.They have to deal with things like toxins and pharmaceuticals that are flushed out into the ocean, and maybe even affecting their reproduction.
它們不得不面對一些被排入海洋的 物質，如毒素和藥物， 而這些可能會影響它們的繁殖能力。
130.They also get entangled in fishing gear.
它們也會被漁具纏住。
131.This is a picture that shows the tail of a right whale.
這張照片顯示了一條露脊鯨的尾部。
132.And those white markings are not natural markings.
這些白色的標記不是天然的胎記，
133.These are entanglement scars.
這些是與漁具糾纏所造成的傷疤。
134.72 percent of the population has such scars, but most don't shed the gear, things like lobster traps and crab pots.
種群中有百分之七十二帶有這種傷疤， 但它們中多數都沒能擺脫這些漁具，如龍蝦陷阱和捕蟹籠。
135.They hold on to them, and it eventually kills them.
這些裝置緊緊抓住它們，並最終殺死它們。
136.And the other problem is they get hit by ships.
另一個問題是，它們會被船舶擊傷。
137.And this was an animal that was struck by a ship in Nova Scotia, Canada being towed in, where they did a necropsy to confirm the cause of death,
這隻被拖回的動物，是在加拿大新斯科舍省 被船擊中的， 在那兒他們為它做了一次屍檢 來確認死因，
138.which was indeed a ship strike.
屍檢證明確實是被船擊中。
139.So all of these ills are stacking up against these animals and keeping their numbers very low.
因此，所有這些針對這種動物的弊端累積起來， 使得它們的數量變得非常少。
140.And to draw a contrast with that beleaguered North Atlantic population, I went to a new pristine population of Southern right whales
而為了與困境中的北大西洋的種群數量做對比， 我找到了一個南露脊鯨種群數量的原始數據，
141.that had only been discovered about 10 years ago in the sub-Antarctic of New Zealand, a place called the Auckland Islands.
這些數據是僅在大約10年之前披露的， 在新西蘭亞南極地區的一個名叫奧克蘭群島的地方的南露脊鯨的數量。
142.I went down there in the winter time.
我在一個冬天去的那兒。
143.And these are animals that had never seen humans before, and I was one of the first people they probably had ever seen.
並且在那兒的動物在此之前從未見過人類。 而我可能是他們見到的第一個人類。
144.And I got in the water with them, and I was amazed at how curious they were.
我跳入水中和它們在一起， 我對它們的好奇程度感到驚訝。
145.This photograph shows my assistant standing on the bottom at about 70 feet and one of these amazingly beautiful, 45-foot, 70-ton whales,
這張照片中，我的助手站在大約70英尺深的海底 和一條令人驚歎的美麗的，45英尺長， 70噸的鯨，
146.like a city bus just swimming up, you know.
它像一輛城市公交車在游泳，你知道的。
147.They were in perfect condition, very fat and healthy, robust, no entanglement scars, the way they're supposed to look.
它們處於完美的狀況中， 非常巨大且健康，十分結實，沒有糾纏造成的傷疤， 這才是它們應有的樣子。
148.You know, I read that the pilgrims, when they landed at Plymouth Rock in Massachusetts in 1620, wrote that you could walk across Cape Cod Bay
你知道，當清教徒1620年在位於馬薩諸塞州 的普利茅斯石登陸時， 寫到，你能踩著露脊鯨的背
149.on the backs of right whales.
走過科德角灣。
150.And we can't go back and see that today, but maybe we can preserve what we have left.
而如今我們無法回到那一時刻去看看了， 但也許我們讓我們現在擁有的保存下去。
151.And I wanted to close this program with a story of hope, a story I did on marine reserves as sort of a solution to the problem of overfishing, the global fish crisis story.
我想用一篇充滿希望的報道來結束這次演講， 一篇我做的關於海洋保護區的報道， 可以說是一個對 過度捕魚問題和全球魚類危機的解決方案的報道。
152.I settled on working in the country of New Zealand because New Zealand was rather progressive, and is rather progressive in terms of protecting their ocean.
我在新西蘭定居並在那兒工作， 因為新西蘭是相當進步的， 在保護他們的海洋方面做的相當不錯。
153.And I really wanted this story to be about three things: I wanted it to be about abundance, about diversity and about resilience.
而且我真的希望這篇報道與三件事相關。 我希望它與豐富， 多樣性和回覆能力相關。
154.And one of the first places I worked was a reserve called Goat Island in Leigh of New Zealand.
而我最早工作過的地方之一是 一個位於新西蘭雷伊鎮的 名為山羊島的保護區。
155.What the scientists there told me was that when protected this first marine reserve in 1975, they hoped and expected that certain things might happen.
那兒的科學家告訴我， 當1975年這第一個海洋保護區成立時， 他們希望並期待著某些事情的發生。
156.For example, they hoped that certain species of fish like the New Zealand snapper would return because they had been fished to the brink of commercial extinction.
例如，他們希望某些種類的魚 如新西蘭加吉魚，會回來， 因為他們已經被商業捕撈到了滅絕的邊緣。
157.And they did come back. What they couldn't predict was that other things would happen.
而它們確實回來了。還發生了其他一些他們沒有預料到的事情。
158.For example, these fish predate on sea urchins, and when the fish were all gone, all anyone ever saw underwater was just acres and acres of sea urchins.
例如，這些魚 吃海膽。 而當魚類消失的時候， 任何人都只能在水下只能看到 成片成片的海膽。
159.But when the fish came back and began predating and controlling the urchin population, low and behold, kelp forests emerged in shallow water.
但當這些魚回來了， 就開始吃海膽，開始控制海膽的數量， 慢慢的，淺水區出現了大型海藻群。
160.And that's because the urchins eat kelp.
那是因為海膽以大型海藻為食。
161.So when the fish control the urchin population, the ocean was restored to its natural equilibrium.
因此，當魚類控制了海膽的數量時， 海洋恢復了她的自然平衡。
162.You know, this is probably how the ocean looked here one or 200 years ago, but nobody was around to tell us.
嗯，這也許這裡的海洋還是 一百或兩百前年看起來的那樣，但沒人能告訴我們是不是這樣。
163.I worked in other parts of New Zealand as well, in beautiful, fragile, protected areas like in Fiordland, where this sea pen colony was found.
我也在新西蘭的其他地方工作過， 在一些美麗的，脆弱的保護區， 如峽灣，在那兒發現了海鰓聚集地。
164.Little blue cod swimming in for a dash of color.
藍色的小鱈魚遊曳其中，增添一抹色彩。
165.In the northern part of New Zealand, I dove in the blue water, where the water's a little warmer, and photographed animals like this giant sting ray
在新西蘭的北部， 我跳入藍色的有些溫暖海水， 給動物們拍照，如這條正遊過
166.swimming through an underwater canyon.
海底峽谷的巨大的黃貂魚。
167.Every part of the ecosystem in this place seems very healthy, from tiny, little animals like a nudibrank crawling over encrusting sponge
在這個地方的生態系統的每一個部分 看起來都非常健康， 從小如這條 爬過殼狀海綿的海蛞蝓，
168.or a leatherjacket that is a very important animal in this ecosystem because it grazes on the bottom and allows new life to take hold.
或是一條大蚊幼蟲， 它在這個生態系統中是十分重要的動物， 因為它在海底覓食並讓新生命能紮根於此。
169.And I wanted to finish with this photograph, a picture I made on a very stormy day in New Zealand when I just laid on the bottom amidst a school of fish swirling around me.
我想用這張照片作為結束， 這張照片是我在新西蘭的有強暴風雨的一天拍攝的， 當時我正躺在海底， 在一群魚環繞中。
170.And I was in a place that had only been protected about 20 years ago.
而我在的地方僅僅在 20年前才開始被保護起來。
171.And I talked to divers that had been diving there for many years, and they said that the marine life was better here today than it was in the 1960s.
我與在當地潛水多年的潛水員攀談， 他們說，如今這兒的海洋生物比 20世紀60年代時更好。
172.And that's because it's been protected, that it has come back.
而這是因為它被保護了， 它已經恢復了。
173.So I think the message is clear.
所以，我想信息很明確。
174.The ocean is, indeed, resilient and tolerant to a point, but we must be good custodians.
海洋的確有一定的彈性和容忍度， 但我們必須是好的保管者。
175.I became an underwater photographer because I fell in love with the sea, and I make pictures of it today because I want to protect it,
我成為一名水下攝影師 是因為我愛上了大海， 而我今天為她拍攝照片是因為我想保護她，
176.and I don't think it's too late.
並且我並不認為這為時已晚。
177.Thank you very much.
非常感謝/<code>
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