新石器時代（neolithic），指在考古學上是石器時代的最後一個階段，以使用磨製石器為標誌的人類物質文化發展階段。這一名稱是英國考古學家盧伯克於1865年首先提出的，這個時代在地質年代上已進入全新世，繼舊石器時代之後，或經過中石器時代的過渡而發展起來，屬於石器時代的後期。新石器時代大約從1萬年前開始，結束時間從距今5000多年至2000多年不等。新石器時期出現的打磨工具是區別於舊石器時代的一個標誌之一。
Neolithic refers to the period of human material and cultural development marked by the use of abrasive stone tools, which is archaeologically the last stage of the Stone Age. The name was first put forward by the British archaeologist lubbock in 1865. This age has entered the holocene in geological time and developed after the paleolithic age or through the transition of the middle Stone Age, belonging to the late Stone Age. The neolithic age began about 10,000 years ago and ended from 5,000 to 2,000 years ago. The emergence of polishing tools in the neolithic period is one of the marks that distinguish it from the paleolithic.
石斧是遠古時代用於砍伐等多種用途的石質工具。此斧體稍厚重，整體上寬下窄，呈梯形或五邊形，有單、雙面刃，磨製而成。斧身體積不大，現代普通女性單手可握住，做工粗糙，但容易握緊使力。斧身、刀刃處有缺口，均見雙向打擊痕跡，保留有大量礫石自然面。
Stone axes are stone tools used in ancient times for cutting and other purposes. The body of this axe is a little heavy, on the whole wide under narrow, trapezoidal or pentagon, a single, double-sided edge, grinding. The body volume of the axe is not large, modern ordinary women can be held by one hand, rough workmanship, but easy to grasp force. There is a gap between the axe body and the blade, and there are two - way strike marks.
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