On Thursday morning, VOA's reporter in Seoul, William Gallo, received a text message from South Korea's emergency alert system.
週四上午，美國之音駐首爾記者威廉.加洛收到一條來自韓國緊急警報系統發來的短信。
The message appeared on his telephone.
這條短信出現在他的手機上。
He has received such texts hundreds of times during the coronavirus outbreak.
在冠狀病毒爆發期間，他收到過數百條這樣的短信。
Someone in Gallo's Seoul neighborhood一a 35- year-old man一had tested positive for thevirus.
在加洛所在的首爾社區附近，有人一一名35歲 的男子一病毒檢測結果呈陽性。
The text message provided a link to a government website
這條短信提供了一個政府網站的鏈接,
that listed everything about the man's activities for the past two days.
上面列出了這名男子過去兩天的所有活動。
The man apparently arrived at Seoul's Incheon airport at about nine in the morning.
這名男子顯然在早上九點左右抵達首爾仁川機場。
He took a train to a train station near Gallo's home, and then went to a small food store.
他坐火車到了加洛家附近的火車站，然後去了一家小食品店。
Five hours later, he went to a restaurant.
5個小時後，他又去了一家餐館。
More information followed.
還有很多其他信息。
By now, messages like this one are commonplace in South Korea.
到現在，像這樣的信息在韓國已經司空見慣。
Gallo says his phone receives more than 10 messages about infections in his neighborhood on some days.
加洛說，他的手機在某些日子裡會收到10多條關於他家附近感染者的信息。
When he goes to other parts of Seoul, his phone provides information about cases in those neighborhoods.
當他去到首爾其他地區時，他的手機會提供附近的病例信息。
To prepare these messages, South Korea uses in-person interviews.
為了準備這些信息，韓國採用了當面採訪的方式。
It also uses large amounts of personal information, bank records, phone information as well as video from cameras around the city.
還使用了大量的個人信息、銀行記錄、電話信息以及城市周圍攝像頭的視頻。
This is possible because South Korean lawmakers changed privacy laws after the outbreak of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) in 2015.
這可能因為2015年中東呼吸系統綜合症爆發後，韓國立法者修改了隱私法。
The disease caused 39 deaths in the country.
這種疾病在國內造成39人死亡。
Now, during dangerous outbreaks, officials can easily get everyone's private information without a court order.
現在，在危險的疫情爆發期間，官員們可以在沒有法院命令的情況下，輕鬆獲得每個人的隱私信息。
As a result, South Korea has been able to identify areas with more than one coronavirus case and quickly investigate the path of the infection.
因此，韓國能夠確定有多個冠狀病毒病例的地區，並迅速調查出感染路徑。
It can tell those infected to stay home and warn the public to avoid that ;area.
它可以告訴感染者留在家中，並警告公眾避開該地區。
The result has been stunning.
結果令人震驚。
South Korea has reported one of the lowest coronavirus death rates in the world: as of Monday, only 111 people have died out of 8,961 cases.
據報告，韓國是世界上冠狀病毒死亡率最低的國家之-:截至週一，8961例病例中只有111人死亡。
The rate of new infections has also decreased.
新增感染病例也有所下降。
After reaching 909 new cases a day on February 29, South Korea reported just 64 new cases on Monday.
2月29日達到當天909例新增病例後，韓國週一報告的新增病例僅有64例。
South Korea's methods of fighting coronavirus have been praised as the model of how to contain the virus.
韓國抗擊冠狀病毒的方法被讚譽為控制病毒的典範。
It avoids forced restrictions on movement anddoes not lead to widespread closure of businesses.
避免了強制限制行動，也不會導致企業大面積停業。
Some people, however, are worried about the loss of privacy.
然而，有些人卻對隱私的喪失感到擔憂。
Kenneth Roth is executive director of Human Rights Watch.
肯尼斯.羅斯是人權觀察組織的執行主任。
He told VOA his organization is worried governments may use the threat of coronavirus to increase their powers of surveillance.
他告訴美國之音，他的組織擔心政府可能會利用冠狀病毒的威脅來增加他們的監視權力。
"Once we allow them to be regularly used and give up... our right of privacy, it will be very difficult" to end it, said Roth.
“一旦我們允許自己的隱私被經常使用，並放棄....我們的隱私權，就會很難”結束這一現狀，羅斯表示。
If South Korea is reducing privacy in exchange for fighting the virus, many South Koreans seem to accept it happily.
如果說韓國以減少隱私來換取對抗病毒，那麼很多韓國人似乎都很樂意接受這一點。
Amid the coronavirus crisis, South Korean President Moon Jae-in is enjoying his highestapproval ratings in months.
在冠狀病毒危機中，韓國總統文在寅正享受著幾個月來最高的支持率。
In some ways, South Korea's government is helped in the fight against coronavirus by what remains of its authoritarian past, saysLee Sang-sin.
李生新表示，從某種程度上來說，韓國政府依靠專制的過去遺留下來的東西，在對抗冠狀病毒的鬥爭中得到了幫助。
He is an expert on political science and public opinion at the Korean Institute for National Unification.
他是韓國國家統一研究院的政治學和輿論專家 。
South Korea has a national registration system, he noted.
他指出，韓國具有全國性的登記制度。
Everyone has an identification number that must be given when buying a telephone.
每個人在購買電話時，必須提供身份號碼。
That has made it easier for government officials to find suspected coronavirus patients.
這更便於政府官員找到冠狀病毒疑似感染者。
There are other reasons it may be difficult for countries to use the South Korean system to fight coronavirus.
還有其他原因導致各國可能難以利用韓國的系統來對抗冠狀病毒。
South Korea is a small country, and is home to 51 million people.
韓國是一個小國，有5100萬人口。
More than 50 percent live in cities and are easy to find.
50%以上的人居住在城市，很容易被找到。
Most importantly, everyone in South Korea,including non-citizens, is part of a national healthcare system.
最重要的是，韓國的每個人，包括非公民，都被納入了國家醫療體系。
Within the system, South Korea quickly built about 50 drive-thru testing centers.
在這個體系內，韓國迅速建立了約50個免下車檢測中心。
These have been praised internationally for their safety and effectiveness.
這些中心的安全性和有效性得到了國際上的讚譽。
As the number of new coronavirus infections decreases, life in Seoul has begun to return to the way it was before the outbreak.
隨著新型冠狀病毒感染人數的減少，首爾的生活已經開始恢復到疫情發生前的樣子。
Schools are still closed, but people are out in public spaces and open areas.
雖然學校仍然停課，但人們可以在戶外的公共場所和空曠區域活動。
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