On Thursday morning, VOA's reporter in Seoul, William Gallo, received a text message from South Korea's emergency alert system.
周四上午，美国之音驻首尔记者威廉.加洛收到一条来自韩国紧急警报系统发来的短信。
The message appeared on his telephone.
这条短信出现在他的手机上。
He has received such texts hundreds of times during the coronavirus outbreak.
在冠状病毒爆发期间，他收到过数百条这样的短信。
Someone in Gallo's Seoul neighborhood一a 35- year-old man一had tested positive for thevirus.
在加洛所在的首尔社区附近，有人一一名35岁 的男子一病毒检测结果呈阳性。
The text message provided a link to a government website
这条短信提供了一个政府网站的链接,
that listed everything about the man's activities for the past two days.
上面列出了这名男子过去两天的所有活动。
The man apparently arrived at Seoul's Incheon airport at about nine in the morning.
这名男子显然在早上九点左右抵达首尔仁川机场。
He took a train to a train station near Gallo's home, and then went to a small food store.
他坐火车到了加洛家附近的火车站，然后去了一家小食品店。
Five hours later, he went to a restaurant.
5个小时后，他又去了一家餐馆。
More information followed.
还有很多其他信息。
By now, messages like this one are commonplace in South Korea.
到现在，像这样的信息在韩国已经司空见惯。
Gallo says his phone receives more than 10 messages about infections in his neighborhood on some days.
加洛说，他的手机在某些日子里会收到10多条关于他家附近感染者的信息。
When he goes to other parts of Seoul, his phone provides information about cases in those neighborhoods.
当他去到首尔其他地区时，他的手机会提供附近的病例信息。
To prepare these messages, South Korea uses in-person interviews.
为了准备这些信息，韩国采用了当面采访的方式。
It also uses large amounts of personal information, bank records, phone information as well as video from cameras around the city.
还使用了大量的个人信息、银行记录、电话信息以及城市周围摄像头的视频。
This is possible because South Korean lawmakers changed privacy laws after the outbreak of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) in 2015.
这可能因为2015年中东呼吸系统综合症爆发后，韩国立法者修改了隐私法。
The disease caused 39 deaths in the country.
这种疾病在国内造成39人死亡。
Now, during dangerous outbreaks, officials can easily get everyone's private information without a court order.
现在，在危险的疫情爆发期间，官员们可以在没有法院命令的情况下，轻松获得每个人的隐私信息。
As a result, South Korea has been able to identify areas with more than one coronavirus case and quickly investigate the path of the infection.
因此，韩国能够确定有多个冠状病毒病例的地区，并迅速调查出感染路径。
It can tell those infected to stay home and warn the public to avoid that ;area.
它可以告诉感染者留在家中，并警告公众避开该地区。
The result has been stunning.
结果令人震惊。
South Korea has reported one of the lowest coronavirus death rates in the world: as of Monday, only 111 people have died out of 8,961 cases.
据报告，韩国是世界上冠状病毒死亡率最低的国家之-:截至周一，8961例病例中只有111人死亡。
The rate of new infections has also decreased.
新增感染病例也有所下降。
After reaching 909 new cases a day on February 29, South Korea reported just 64 new cases on Monday.
2月29日达到当天909例新增病例后，韩国周一报告的新增病例仅有64例。
South Korea's methods of fighting coronavirus have been praised as the model of how to contain the virus.
韩国抗击冠状病毒的方法被赞誉为控制病毒的典范。
It avoids forced restrictions on movement anddoes not lead to widespread closure of businesses.
避免了强制限制行动，也不会导致企业大面积停业。
Some people, however, are worried about the loss of privacy.
然而，有些人却对隐私的丧失感到担忧。
Kenneth Roth is executive director of Human Rights Watch.
肯尼斯.罗斯是人权观察组织的执行主任。
He told VOA his organization is worried governments may use the threat of coronavirus to increase their powers of surveillance.
他告诉美国之音，他的组织担心政府可能会利用冠状病毒的威胁来增加他们的监视权力。
"Once we allow them to be regularly used and give up... our right of privacy, it will be very difficult" to end it, said Roth.
“一旦我们允许自己的隐私被经常使用，并放弃....我们的隐私权，就会很难”结束这一现状，罗斯表示。
If South Korea is reducing privacy in exchange for fighting the virus, many South Koreans seem to accept it happily.
如果说韩国以减少隐私来换取对抗病毒，那么很多韩国人似乎都很乐意接受这一点。
Amid the coronavirus crisis, South Korean President Moon Jae-in is enjoying his highestapproval ratings in months.
在冠状病毒危机中，韩国总统文在寅正享受着几个月来最高的支持率。
In some ways, South Korea's government is helped in the fight against coronavirus by what remains of its authoritarian past, saysLee Sang-sin.
李生新表示，从某种程度上来说，韩国政府依靠专制的过去遗留下来的东西，在对抗冠状病毒的斗争中得到了帮助。
He is an expert on political science and public opinion at the Korean Institute for National Unification.
他是韩国国家统一研究院的政治学和舆论专家 。
South Korea has a national registration system, he noted.
他指出，韩国具有全国性的登记制度。
Everyone has an identification number that must be given when buying a telephone.
每个人在购买电话时，必须提供身份号码。
That has made it easier for government officials to find suspected coronavirus patients.
这更便于政府官员找到冠状病毒疑似感染者。
There are other reasons it may be difficult for countries to use the South Korean system to fight coronavirus.
还有其他原因导致各国可能难以利用韩国的系统来对抗冠状病毒。
South Korea is a small country, and is home to 51 million people.
韩国是一个小国，有5100万人口。
More than 50 percent live in cities and are easy to find.
50%以上的人居住在城市，很容易被找到。
Most importantly, everyone in South Korea,including non-citizens, is part of a national healthcare system.
最重要的是，韩国的每个人，包括非公民，都被纳入了国家医疗体系。
Within the system, South Korea quickly built about 50 drive-thru testing centers.
在这个体系内，韩国迅速建立了约50个免下车检测中心。
These have been praised internationally for their safety and effectiveness.
这些中心的安全性和有效性得到了国际上的赞誉。
As the number of new coronavirus infections decreases, life in Seoul has begun to return to the way it was before the outbreak.
随着新型冠状病毒感染人数的减少，首尔的生活已经开始恢复到疫情发生前的样子。
Schools are still closed, but people are out in public spaces and open areas.
虽然学校仍然停课，但人们可以在户外的公共场所和空旷区域活动。
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