◀ 寫在前面：

1. 看講解註釋前，請先嚐試自己通讀一遍文章。這樣在看講解時目的性會更強，效果也會更好。

2. 詞語釋義：編者會以“英釋英”的方式解釋一個詞或短語。這樣可以幫助大家用自己已經掌握的詞彙去理解新詞彙的運用方法。一開始或會有些不適，但堅持些許時日，會大有裨益！

3. 詞性縮寫：

# N-C：N-COUNT 可數名詞

# N-U：N-UNCOUNT 不可數名詞

# VI ：Intransitive Verb 不及物動詞

# VT：Transitive Verb 及物動詞

# V-Link：系動詞

◀ 目錄：

1. 正文

2. 分段註釋：共 5 部分

正文

More than a score of Australian mammals have been exterminated by feral cats.These predators, which arrived with European settlers, still threaten native wildlife—and are too abundant on the mainland to eliminate, as has been achieved on some small islands which were previously infested with them.

But Alexandra Ross of the University of New South Wales thinks she has come up with a different way to deal with the problem.

As she writes in a paper in the Journal of Applied Ecology,she is giving feline-awareness lessons to wild animals involved in reintroduction programmes, in order to try to make them cat-savvy.

Many Australian mammals, though not actually extinct, are confined to fragments of cat-free habitat.That offers the possibility of taking colonists from these refuges to places where a species once existed but is no more.This will, however, put the enforced migrants back in the sights of the cats that caused the problem in the first place.

Training the migrants while they are in captivity,using stuffed models and the sorts of sounds made by cats, has proved expensive and ineffective.Ms Ross therefore wondered whether putting them in large naturalistic enclosures with a scattering of predators might serve as a form of boot camp to prepare them for introduction into their new, cat-ridden homes.

分段註釋

01

More than a score of Australian mammals have been exterminated by feral cats.These predators, which arrived with European settlers, still threaten native wildlife—and are too abundant on the mainland to eliminate, as has been achieved on some small islands which were previously infested with them.

如今超過二十多種澳大利亞本土哺乳動物，因為外來野貓的引入而遭遇滅絕。這些和歐洲殖民者一起來到澳洲大陸的食肉動物，迄今為止仍威脅著當地的野生動物。它們數量過於龐大，難以消滅。在它們先前抵達的一些小島上，同樣也不堪其擾。

1、More than a score of 二十多個....

a score of ... = twenty ... 二十個...

E.g.A score of people have been killed in this accident. 二十餘人在這場事故中喪生。

2、been exterminated by feral cats.

(1)Exterminate ... = kil all of... 消滅... ； 使...滅絕

E.g. To live a better live,we should exterminate or reduce the haze weather by all means.為了能更好的生活，我們要盡全力消除霧霾天氣。

(2)feral cats 野貓

3、 Predator 食肉動物、捕食者

4、too abundant on the mainland to eliminate 數量太多而難以消滅

(1)too... to... 太...以致於...

(2)Abundant = plentiful = lagre in amount 大量的、豐富的

E.g. The market has an abundant supply of cheap labour. 市場中有很多廉價勞動力。

5、 as has been achieved on... 同樣，（這些食肉動物）也散佈在一些小島上

(1)As 作adv，“同樣地、和...一樣”。這裡是和前面的“on the mainland”形成對應，意為這些食肉動物不僅抵達了大陸內部，同樣也抵達了一些小島上面。

6、 were previously infested with them.

(1)infest... =sth exist in large numbers in a particular place, often causing damage or disease 某物大批出沒於...;某物大量滋生於...

通常指昆蟲、老鼠等繁殖能力較強的生物“ infest somewhere”，即大量在某處繁殖、出沒。

E.g.These kind of pests often infest cereal crops. 這類害蟲通常肆虐於穀類作物中。

(2)be infested with sth 遭受...的大量肆虐；....到處都是某物

E.g.Our home is infested with ants. 我們家裡到處都是螞蟻。

02

But Alexandra Ross of the University of New South Wales thinks she has come up with a different way to deal with the problem.

As she writes in a paper in the Journal of Applied Ecology,she is giving feline-awareness lessons to wild animals involved in reintroduction programmes, in order to try to make them cat-savvy.

但南威爾士大學的亞歷山德拉·羅絲，認為她想到了一個能處理這個問題的方案。

正如她發表在《Journal of Applied Ecology》上的一篇論文所介紹到的那樣，她正給被列入“再引進項目”中的野生動物進行“認識貓科動物”的培訓，為的是讓它們能更加了解並熟悉這些貓科動物。

1、feline-awareness lessons （幫助其）瞭解貓科動物的訓練

(1)Feline = connected with an animal of the cat family 貓科動物的

E.g. Natural feline hunting skills 貓科動物與生俱來的狩獵技巧

(2)Awareness = knowledge = understanding N-U認識、瞭解

(3)Feline-awareness 是一個複合詞，作ADJ，意為“能夠認識瞭解貓科動物的”

2、wild animals involved in reintroduction programmes

(1)involved in reintroduction programmes 是被動形式的非謂語作定語，修飾wild animals。即“被列入重新引進計劃的野生動物”

(2)reintroduction 重新引入

3、 cat-savvy 更瞭解貓的、可從容應對野貓的

(1)savvy = know-how = practical knowledge N-U 見識、洞察力

(2)savvy

= having practical knowledge and understanding of sth ADJ 針對...擁有專業知識的

03

Many Australian mammals, though not actually extinct, are confined to fragments of cat-free habitat.That offers the possibility of taking colonists from these refuges to places where a species once existed but is no more.This will, however, put the enforced migrants back in the sights of the cats that caused the problem in the first place.

很多澳大利亞的哺乳動物，雖然未滅絕，卻被限制在一個沒有貓的狹小地塊內。這樣一來，將這些物種帶離如今的避難場所，到它們以前棲息但現在已經逃離的地域，就成為了可能。只不過，這會使之前被迫遷移的物種重新回到食肉貓科動物的視野中，正是這些野貓招致問題發展至此。

註釋

1、are confined to fragments of cat-free habitat 被侷限在了沒有野貓出沒的棲息地

(1)are confined to 被侷限於...

Confine sb/sth in ... = keep a person or an animal in a small or closed space 監禁；禁閉

E.g. Nobody is allowed to privately confine a person to a closed space . 任何人都不得隨意監禁他人於封閉的空間。

(2)Fragment 碎片。這裡指分散的“一塊一塊”的地方。

E.g.The chinese is shattered into fragments/pieces. 陶瓷被摔成了碎片。

(3)cat-free 沒有貓的

E.g. I only eat sugar-free yogurt。 我只吃無糖酸奶。

2、colonist 移民者、殖民者。這裡指被迫離開自己的棲息地的澳大利亞哺乳動物。

3、 Refuge 避難場所

Put the enforced migrants back in the sights of the cats

(1)enforced migrants 被迫遷移者

Enforce sb to do = force sb to do 強迫某人做某事

(2) Put sth back in the sights of.. 重新放置某物到...視線範圍內

4、 in the first place = initially = firstly 一開始、最初

04

Training the migrants while they are in captivity,using stuffed models and the sorts of sounds made by cats, has proved expensive and ineffective.

事實證明，利用野貓標本和貓的叫聲，訓練這些被圈養的遷移物種，費用既高昂，又沒有什麼作用。

註釋

1、while they are in captivity 在被圈養時

Be in captivity = be kept in a confined space 被困；被監禁

E.g.He will spend the rest of his live in captivity. 他餘生都會在被監禁中度過，

E.g.About 40 birds in captivity in that zoo. 那個動物園中圈養了40只鳥。

2、 stuffed models 標本

(1)Stuff ... = fill the dead body of an animal with material and preserve it VT製作動物標本

(2)stuffed models 這裡指“野貓的標本”。

3、 has proved expensive and ineffective

(1)Prove 是一個系動詞（V-link），諸如此類的系動詞還有seem/ appear/prove/ be。系動詞沒有實際意義，而是直接用來說明主語狀態的詞，所以其後跟表語。表語就是說明主語狀態的意群，系動詞就是用來連接主語和這個意群的詞。因此“系動詞+adj / n / to do / 從句 ”都可以。

(2)Be動詞是最常見的系動詞，其他系動詞的使用方式可聯想Be動詞的使用方法。

如：Sth proves to be... / prove +adj / prove + n / prove that...

05

Ms Ross therefore wondered whether putting them in large naturalistic enclosures with a scattering of predators might serve as a form of boot camp to prepare them for introduction into their new, cat-ridden homes.

因此，羅絲女士開始疑惑：將它們和少量的食肉動物放在大型的自然圍場中，是否可以充當類似新兵訓練營的一種訓練方式，以讓它們做好準備，重新進入它們被野貓佔領的新家。

1、naturalistic enclosures with a scattering of predators 散佈著野貓的天然圍場中

(1)naturalistic enclosures 天然的圍場

Enclosure = a piece of land that is surrounded by a fence or wall 圈佔地、圍場。

(2)a scattering of predators 分散著大量的肉食動物

Scatter ... = make sth spread all over the area. 撒、使...分散開

a scattering of ... 零零星星的...；三三兩兩分散開來的...

E.g.A scattering of tourists snapped pictures of Great wall. 一些零散的遊客在拍攝長城的照片。

2、boot camp = a training camp for people who have just joined the army 新兵訓練營

prepare them for introduction into... 使他們在被引入...時做好準備

(1)prepare sb for sth =make sb ready for sth 使某人面對某事時做好準備

(2)introduction into... 引入....

3、cat-ridden 到處都是野貓的

(1)Ridden (ride的過去分詞）= full of .... ADJ 充斥著...的（ 通常用在複合詞中）

E.g.debt-ridden 負債累累的

E.g.a class-ridden society 等級森嚴的社會

E.g.She was ridden with fear = she is fear- ridden 她深感恐懼