MDI panel（《数控技术专业英语》教材Unit 10）教育頭條網

Introduction to FANUC control

FANUC数控系统介绍

You control all machine operations from the operator’s panel. Although the operator’s panel layout and its features will vary from one manufacturer to another and even from one control model to another for the same manufacturer, there are enough similarities to group them and examine each group.

操作面板用来控制机床的全部操作，虽然各个机床厂家的操作面板其布局和功能可能不同，甚至同一厂家的操作面板会因数控系统型号不同而不同，但是，操作面板大同小异，可以对其分组并探讨之。

FANUC is the most widely used system of CNC programming in machine shops worldwide. Almost every shop in China, the USA and around the world uses FANUC control, a brand name from Japan. Mastering FANUC will give you the best chance for a job in CNC for many years to come.

FANUC数控系统是世界上使用最广泛的数控编程系统，中国、美国以及世界范围内几乎每一个车间都使用FANUC系统——一个来自日本的品牌。掌握FANUC系统将在未来很多年里为您提供最佳的数控就业机会。

The operator’s panel for a CNC machine tool usually consists of two sections: the operation panel for the CNC control and the operation panel for the machine. The operator’s panel with FANUC control, as shown in fig.10-1, consists of the LCD/MDI panel and the machine control panel.

操作面板通常由两部分组成：用于数控系统的操作面板和用于机床的操作面板。如图10-1所示，一台配置FANUC系统的数控机床操作面板由LCD/MDI面板和

机床控制面板组成。

fig.10-1 operator’s panel with FANUC control

图10-1 FANUC系统操作面板

· The LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) screen shows you the program, axis locations, and other relevant information throughout the machining process. The soft keys below the screen allow you to navigate between many screen pages for displaying a more detailed screen. The MDI (Manual Data Input) keyboard allows you to enter commands and offsets by address/numeric keys, and select functions needed by function keys.

· LCD（液晶显示）屏显示程序、轴的位置以及整个加工过程中其他相关的信息；屏幕下方的软功能键（简称软键）使操作者可以切换很多显示画面；MDI（手动数据输入）键盘使操作者可以通过地址/数字键输入命令和偏置值、通过功能键选择所需的功能。

· The machine control panel allows you to control machine motions and machining process directly.

· 机床控制面板直接控制机床运动和加工过程。

The LCD/MDI panel

LCD/MDI面板

The largest area of the operator’s panel is the display screen. There are five soft keys plus two navigation keys below the screen, as shown in fig.10-2. When a soft key is pressed immediately after a function key, the screen corresponding to the selected function can be selected.

操作面板上最大的区域是显示屏，其下方有五个软键（四个章节选择键和一个操作选择键）加两个切换键（菜单扩展键和菜单返回键），如图10-2所示。按功能键后立即按软键，就选择了对应功能的显示画面。

fig.10-2 soft keys and function keys

图10-2 软键和功能键

In order to avoid hundreds of buttons and a very large operator’s panel, modern CNC controls only display features directly related to some main functions. For example, if you choose the POS function key, the screen will show only those features that are related to various positions - such as absolute, relative, machine, distance-to-go, etc. Refer to fig.10-4.

为了节省按钮，避免操作面板体积庞大，现代数控系统仅显示与主要功能直接相关的特征功能。例如，如果选择POS功能键，屏幕只显示各特征位置，如绝对坐标、相对坐标、机床坐标、余程等等。参见图10-4。

The MDI keyboard is the operation panel for the CNC control. It includes address/numeric keys, function keys, edit keys, reset key, etc. See fig.10-3 in detail. We will focus on the function keys which are used to select the type of function to be displayed.

MDI键盘是数控系统的操作面板，它包括地址/数字键、功能键、编辑键、复位键等等，详细如图10-3所示。我们重点学习用于选择显示功能的各功能键。

fig.10-3 key locationof MDI

图10-3 MDI键盘

General screen operations 屏幕操作方法

General screen operation procedures are as follows:

1. Press a function key on the MDI keyboard. The chapter selection soft keys that belong to the selected function appear.

2. Press one of the chapter selection soft keys. The screen for the selected chapter appears. If the soft key for a target chapter is not displayed, press the next menu key.

3. When the target chapter screen is displayed, press the operation selection (OPRT) soft key to display data to be manipulated.

4. To redisplay the chapter selection soft keys, press the return menu key.

（1）按下MDI键盘上的功能键，属于所选功能的章节选择键就显示出来。

（2）按下其中一个章节软键，则所选章节画面就显示出来，如果目标章节对应的软键没有显示出来，则按菜单扩展键。

（3）当目标章节画面显示后，按下操作选择键（OPRT），以显示要进行操作的数据。

（4）要重新显示章节软键，则按菜单返回键。

Function keys

功能键

The actual functionality of each soft key is always directly dependent on the currently active function key. In other words, the selection shown on the screen above each soft key will be different for each function key. There are six function keys.

每个软键的实际作用总是直接取决于当前生效的功能键，换句话说，每个软键上方的显示画面针对不同的功能键都是不同的。共有六个功能键。

POS：位置功能键

POS (Position) indicates settings related to various position displays. This is probably the most commonly used screen in part setup. The main displays under POS are as follows (shown in fig.10-4):

POS意思是position，显示各种位置画面，这个可能是零件装夹时最常用的功能键。在POS功能键下，主要的画面如下（如图10-4所示）：

· ABS ---绝对坐标画面

· REL ---相对坐标画面

· ALL ---全部坐标画面

· MACH ---机床坐标画面

fig.10-4 POS screen

图10-4 位置画面

The Absolute display is normally used during program processing. It shows the current tool position based on the part zero location. The Relative display is used mainly during setup, for setting work offset, tool length offset, and others. The Machine display shows the current tool position measured from the machine zero (home position). The display is totally independent from any offset setting or part program data.

绝对坐标画面（ABS）一般用于程序执行过程中，它显示基于工件零点位置的当前刀具的位置；相对坐标画面（REL）主要用于零件装夹过程中，用于工件坐标偏置、刀具长度偏置及其他；机床坐标画面（MACH）显示基于机床零点（回零位置）测量的当前刀具的位置，这个坐标值完全独立于任何偏置值或零件程序数据（即与工件零点无关）。

If you want to see both ABS and REL position displays, and MACH display as well, on the same screen, just press the ALL display. In addition to the four displays, the control system also shows some current activities from the part program, such as current spindle speed, cutting feed rate, active program codes, etc.

如果要在同一个画面上查看ABS、REL和MACH坐标显示值，只要按下【ALL】（全部坐标画面）软键。除了这些坐标画面，控制系统也显示一些当前加工程序的信息，如当前主轴转速、切削进给速度、生效的程序代码等等。

数控机床最显著的特征是位置控制的精确性，戳视频，看更多关于数控位置的知识。

▲ 对话：POS（位置）告诉你机床现在在哪里

PROG：程序功能键

For the PROG (Program) function key to work, either the MEM (memory) or the EDIT mode has to be selected.

PROG意思是program，NC程序。要使PROG功能键生效，需要选择MEM（存储器）或EDIT（编辑）方式。

In MEM mode, the currently loaded program can be monitored by viewing it on the screen. Current and next block can also be viewed. See fig.10-5. No program changes are possible in MEM mode.

在MEM方式，可在屏幕上监视当前装载的程序，也可以查看正在运行和下一个将要运行的程序段，如图10-5所示。MEM方式下不可以进行程序的修改。

fig.10-5 PROG screen

图10-5 程序画面

In EDIT mode, the program can be viewed and edited on the directory screen. The program can also be loaded into memory or deleted from the control memory. See fig.10-6. Many controls even offer a feature called background edit, which allows programming of the next job, while the current job is running.

在EDIT方式，可以编辑程序，查看程序目录，也可以将程序装载进系统存储器或从存储器中将程序删除，如图10-6所示。很多数控系统还提供后台编辑（BG-EDIT）的功能，允许在当前工件加工的同时进行下一个工件的编程。

fig.10-6 PROG directory screen

图10-6 程序目录画面

OFS/SET：偏置/设定功能键

This is a dual function key - it means Offset and Settings. Tool length and cutter radius offset can be set by selecting the OFFSET soft key. Work offset is set by selecting the WORK soft key. See fig.10-7.

这是一个双功能键：偏置（offset）和设定（setting）。选择【OFFSET】软键可设置刀具长度和半径偏置值，选择【WORK】软键可设置工件坐标系偏置值，如图10-7所示。

fig.10-7 OFFSET screen

图10-7 偏置画面

Various settings may also be done at the control. The most common setting is the selection of units - mm or inches. Seefig.10-8. Another setting may relate to Mirror image and Macros - several others are also available from this screen.

操作人员也可做各种设定，此时按【SETTING】软键。最常见的设定是图纸尺寸单位的选择，毫米（mm）还是英寸（inch），如图10-8所示。另一个设定与镜像和宏变量有关，还有一些其他设定。“参数写入允许（PARAMETER WRITE）”，则经常在系统调试阶段使用。

fig.10-8 SETTING screen

图10-8 设定画面

SYSTEM：系统调试功能键

The SYSTEM function key is the entry into the inner workings of the CNC system. There is no harm looking at this display but making any changes is not part of general operator’s duties.

SYSTEM系统功能键使我们进入到数控系统内部工作区，对一个普通操作员来说，这个画面看看可以，但不可以对其作任何修改。在数控技术里，说到“系统”两个字，就是指NC、CNC、数控装置。

Under the SYSTEM selection, you will find Parameters, Diagnosis, and PMC screen. Seefig.10-9 and fig.10-10. PMC (Programmable Machine Controller) is used by machine tool builders for many different applications.

SYSTEM画面下，有参数（parameter）、诊断（diagnostic）和PMC画面，如图10-9和图10-10所示。机床制造厂使用PMC（可编程机床控制器）实现很多不同的应用功能。

fig.10-9 PARAMETERscreen

图10-9 参数画面

fig.10-10 DIAGNOSTIC screen

图10-10 诊断画面

MESSAGE：信息功能键

Typical screens that appear in the MESSAGE function key selection relate to various alarms and operation. They may also show alarm history. See fig.10-11 and fig.10-12. The message screen will also appear when a macro program includes message to the operator via a part program. When the problem with the machine is solved, just press the RESET key to clear the alarm message display.

MESSAGE信息功能键下的典型画面与各种报警和操作有关，也显示报警履历，如图11和图12所示。宏程序包括操作者信息时，也会出现信息画面。机床故障排除后，需按复位键（RESET）以清除报警显示。

fig.10-11 ALARM screen

图10-11 报警信息画面

fig.10-12 ALARM HISTORY screen

图10-12 报警履历画面

CSTM/GR：用户宏/图形模拟功能键

This is also a dual function key - it means Custom and Graph. In the majority of CNC applications, the CUSTOM function key is used by the machine tool builders for some unique activities of their CNC machine. For example, by pressing the CUSTOM key, you may find procedures related to automatic tool and pallet changers.

这也是个双功能键：用户宏（custom macro）和图形模拟（graph）。大多数数控应用场合下，机床厂家用CUSTOM功能键进入机床的某些独特功能，例如，按下CSTM键，可以发现与自动换刀和托盘自动交换有关的步骤。

GRAPH is an option on many controls. If available, it shows tool path motions graphically. The main benefit of this optional feature is that a program can be graphically tested prior to actual machining.

GRAPH在很多数控系统上是一个选项功能，如果有此功能，刀具轨迹可得到图形化显示。这个选项功能的主要优点是程序在实际加工之前可通过图形验证。

Edit keys

Edit keys are used for inserting, modifying, and deleting a word in an NC program registered in memory.

编辑键用于对存储器中的NC程序插入、修改、删除字符。

Reset key

复位键

Reset key stops all machine motion and places the program pointer at the top of the current program. It is also used to remove message displays. This is important, because even if the failure is removed, CNC will not work with the alarm message still on the screen.

复位键用于停止机床所有动作，将程序指针置于当前加工程序的顶部。复位键也用于清除屏幕报警信息，这一点很重要，因为即使故障排除，如果信息依旧在屏幕上，CNC还是不工作。

（本文节选自汤彩萍主编《数控技术专业英语》第3版）