讓步狀語從句「1」

【什麼是讓步狀語從句】

讓步狀語從句是狀語從句中的一種,其本身也是狀語從句。一般翻譯為“儘管……”或“即使……”,就是我們日常生活中用的“退一步說……”的感覺。

【引導詞】主要有以下這些:

though,although,while,as; even if,even though; whether...or...; no matter+疑問詞,疑問詞-ever,regardless of+名詞/名詞短語/名詞從句,despite,in spite of。

【切記】although,though 不可與but連用,但可以與still和yet連用。

⑴though,although表示“雖然,縱然”之意。

這兩個連詞意思大致相同,在一般情況下可以互換使用。在口語中,though較常使用,although比though正式,二者都可與yet,still或never,the less連用,但不能與but連用。例如:

My will remains firm though I must lower my physical sights.

儘管我得降低體育(鍛鍊)的目標,但我的意志是堅強的。

Though I believe it,yet I must consider.

儘管我相信這一點,但我還得考慮考慮。

Although/Though he was exhausted,(still) he kept on working.

雖然他已經精疲力竭了,但仍然繼續工作。

Although/Though he is very old,(yet) he is quite strong.

他雖然年紀大了,身體還很健壯。

【注意】although引導的讓步狀語從句位於主句之前的情況較多,though引導的讓步狀語從句可位於主句之前或主句之後。例如:

She passed the examination though she had not studied very hard. 她雖然不用功學習,考試卻及格了。

⑵as,though表示“雖然……但是”,“縱使……”之意。

as引導的讓步狀語從句必須以部分倒裝的形式出現,被倒裝的部分可以是表語、狀語或動詞原形,though也可用於這樣的結構中,但although不可以這樣用。例如:

Object as you may,I’ll go.(=Though/Although you may object,I’ll go.)

縱使你反對,我也要去。

Hard as/ though he works,he makes little progress. (=Though he works hard,he makes little progress.)

儘管他學習很努力,但幾乎沒取得什麼進步。

Child as/though he was,he knew what was the right thing to do.(=Though he was a child,he knew what was the right thing to do.)

雖然他是一個孩子,但他知道該做什麼。

Fast as you read,you can’t finish the book so soon.

縱然你讀得快,你也不能這麼快讀完這本書。

Lover of towns as I am ,I realize that I owe a debt to my early country life.

儘管我愛城市,但我知道,以往的鄉村生活使我受益匪淺。

Small as atome are,they are made up of still samller units.

儘管原子很小,但它們由更小的單位構成。

⑶even if,even though 表示“即使……”,“縱使……”之意,含有一種假設。

這兩個複合連詞的意思基本相同。它們常互換使用,但意義有細微差別。even if引導的讓步從句含有強烈的假定性,可用來表示與事實相反的假設,但不能用來描述已經發生的事實。

而even though引導讓步狀語從句時,是以從句的內容為先決條件的,即說話人肯定了從句的事實,表示已經發生了的事。例如:

We’ll make a trip even if/though the weather is bad.

即使天氣不好,我們也要作一次旅行。

Even if he is poor,she loves him. (=He may be poor,yet she loves him.)

即使他很窮,但她還是愛他。

Even though he is poor,she loves him. (=He is poor,yet she loves him.)

儘管他很窮,但她還是愛他。

He seemed youthful even though he was an old man. 儘管他已經是老年人,但看上去仍然是朝氣蓬勃的。

You must come in if it's only a minute. 你一定要進來,哪怕就一分鐘呢。

⑷whether...or...表示“不論是否……”,“不管是……還是……”之意。

由這一個複合連詞引導的讓步狀語從句旨在說明正反兩方面的可能性都不會影響主句的意向或結果,所以它的語氣是比較強烈的,從而也更加堅定了主句的內容。例如:

You'll have to attend the ceremony whether you're free or busy.

不管你忙不忙,都要參加這個典禮。

Whether you believe it or not,it's true. 無論你是否相信,這都是真的。

Whether or not they win this battle,they won't win the war.

不管他們是否能贏得這次戰役,他們絕不會贏得這場戰爭。

⑸“no matter+疑問詞”或“疑問詞-ever”的含義為“……都……;不管……都……”

它們引導的讓步狀語從句可以互換。例如:

No matter what happened,he would not mind. (=Whatever happened,he would not mind.)

無論發生了什麼事情,他都不會介意的。

No matter who you are,you must keep the law.(=Whoever you are,you must keep the law.

不管你是誰,你都需要遵紀守法。

When anyone does something for you,no matter how small and no matter whether he's a superior or servant,it's proper to say“Thank you”.

只要任何人替你做了一件事,不管事情多麼微不足道,也不管他是你的上司還是你的僕人,你都應該說聲“謝謝”。

【注意】“no matter+疑問詞”結構只能引導讓步狀語從句,而“疑問詞-ever”還可以引導名詞性從句。例如:

Whatever (=No matter what) you say,I won’t believe you. (Whatever 引導讓步狀語句)

無論你說什麼,我都不會相信你。

I'll eat whatever (≠no matter what) you give me. (whatever引導賓語從句

你給我吃什麼,我就吃什麼。

Whoever comes will be welcome. (Whoever 引導主語從句) 不管誰來都受到歡迎。

此外,有時while也可以引導讓步狀語從句,但一般要位於句首。例如:

While I like the colour,I don't like the shape.我雖然喜歡那顏色,但不喜歡那形狀。

綜上所述,我們可以看出,學習讓步狀語從句的關鍵是關聯詞的選用;其次,要注意的是由as引導的讓步狀語從句要用倒裝語序。


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