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接下來我們繼續來看第79課的“每課一句”：
一、課文原文
Lesson 79 Carol’s shopping list
What are you doing, Carol?
I’m making a shopping list, Tom.
What do we need?
We need a lot of things this week.
I must go to the grocer’s. We haven’t got much tea or coffee, and we haven’t got any sugar or jam.
What about vegetables?
I must go to the greengrocer’s. We haven’t got many tomatoes, but we’ve got a lot of potatoes.
I must go to the butcher’s, too. We need some meat. We haven’t got any meat at all.
Have we got any beer and wine?
No, we haven’t. And I’m not going to get any!
I hope that you’ve got some money.
I haven’t got much.
Well, I haven’t got much either!
——選自《新概念英語》第一冊，外語教學與研究出版社，1997年10月第1版
二、每課一句
We haven't got many tomatoes, but we've got a lot of potatoes.
本課側重學習的是have got的用法。
have got表示“有”，have可以縮略為“'ve”。其基本用法為：
sb. have/has got sth.
如：
I have got some pens.
He has got some books.
其否定表達為：
sb. have/has not got sth.
如：
I have not got any pens.
He has not got any books.
其一般疑問句的表達為：
- Have/Has sb. got sth.?
- Yes, sb. have/has.
- No, sb. haven't/hasn't.
如：
- Have you got any pens?
- Yes, I have.
- No, I haven't.
再比如：
- Has he got any books?
- Yes, he has.
- No, he hasn't.
其特殊疑問句的表達為：
特殊疑問詞+have/has sb. got sth.?
如：
What have you got?
How many books has he got?
【注意】
have got與have的區別
兩者都表示“有”，但是：
1、have got更加口語化。have got中的have是助動詞，所以其否定句或疑問句的變化都是通過have來實現的。
2、have是實義動詞，所以其否定句或疑問句一般要藉助助動詞do/does來實現。
比如：
I have some bananas.
I have got some bananas.
其否定句分別為：
I do not have any bananas.
I have not got any bananas.
其一般疑問句為：
Do you have any bananas?
Have you got any bananas?
需要注意的是：
在英式英語中，當have表示“有”時，其否定句和疑問句可以直接通過have來實現。如：
I have not any bananas.
Have you any bananas?
三、更多拓展
We need a lot of things this week.
注意句中的need用作實義動詞，表示“需要”，它會受主語的單複數影響存在數的變化，也有時態的變化。它的否定句和疑問句都按照一般的實義動詞來變化。
其基本用法為：
sb. need sth.
如：
I need some water.
He needs your help.
She needed a knife at the party last night.
其否定句為：
I do not need any water.
He does not need your help.
She did not need a knife at the party last night.
其一般疑問句為：
Do you need any water?
Does he need my help?
Did she need a knife at the party last night?
