“The most dangerous kind of waste is the waste we do not recognize. “
-Shigeo Shingo
“最危险的浪费，便是我们没有识别出浪费。”
-新乡重夫
Talking about TAKT time
We know timing is everything! In both life and business, we know that when time is right, magical things happens. You have searched for the perfect product for months and something tells you to call Acme business to find it. When you call, they have one left and will hold it for you. Perfect timing! You fight mind-numbing traffic and arrive at the airport just in time to catch a flight. Prefect timing! Your restaurant runs a special on steaks for the evening, and the last one comes off the grill, served to the last customer of the evening. Perfect timing!
没错，我们都知道“时间便是一切”！我们知道，无论是在生活中，还是商业中，只要时间合适，美妙的事情便会发生。数月来，你一直在寻找完美的产品，很多事实会告诉你打电话给ACME公司去寻找。在你打电话时，对方便会为你留下一件。完美的时机！你与令人讨厌的交通问题进行竞赛，要及时赶到机场，只为了赶上某班次的航班。完美的时机！你的餐馆在晚上会做特别的牛排，当最后一块牛排从烤架上来时，刚好是服务了晚上的最后一位顾客。完美的时机！
Timing is everything in life and in business. When the timing is off, it costs us valuable time, money and damages our reputation. This is especially true in manufacturing. Producing the right amount of product, with the highest quality possible, meeting customer demands without having excess. That is perfect timing!
时间，是生活和事业中的一切。当时机不在时，会花费了我们宝贵的时间、金钱，并损害我们的声誉，在制造业中尤为如此。以最优质的质量生产合适的产品，满足客户的需求而不过量。那是个完美的时机！
节拍时间的意义
Takt is a German word which refers to the beat of music. It can also refer to cycle, rhythm or repetition time. Sometimes it refers to the baton of an orchestra leader. Takt Time is the average time allowed between the start of production of one unit and the start of production of the next unit. These allowed times are set to match the rate of customer demand, based on the amount of available work time.
Takt是一个德语词汇，指的是音乐的节拍，也可以指周期时间、节奏时间，或者循环时间。有时，Takt指的是管弦乐队指挥的指挥棒。节拍时间（TAKT time），是某个单元的开始生产与其下一个单元的开始生产之间所允许的平均时间。基于可用工作时间，这些所允许的平均时间被设置为与客户需求的速率相匹配。
For example, if you have 8 hours of working time each day, and the customer demand is 16 items per day, then the takt time is 30 minutes.
例如，如果每天工作时间是8个小时，而客户的需求是每天16件产品，那么，节拍时间（TAKT time）便是30分钟。
8 hours per day / 16 items per day = 0.5 hours per item = 30 minutes
每天8小时/每天16件产品=每件产品/0.5小时= 30分钟
Therefore, every 30 minutes, one item should be completed. If you are not keeping up that pace, then it indicates that you will not likely meet your customer demand for the day. You can tell that you are off-track very quickly in the day, instead of being surprised at the end of the day.
因此，我们应该每30分钟就要完成一件产品。如果你跟不上这一速度，那么，表明你不可能满足客户每天的产品需求量。你应该很快发现不能按照计划去完成任务了，而不是在一天结束的时间才感到惊讶。
If your process takes more than 30 minutes, then you will need to do one of two things: 1) reduce the cycle time to complete one item to less than 30 minutes, or 2) add more working time (people). It is preferred to reduce the time by eliminating waste in your process, as opposed to adding more people.
如果生产过程超过30分钟，那么，你需要做两件事：1）减少循环时间，以便在30分钟内完成一件产品；2）增加更多的工作时间（人员）。当然，最好是在生产过程中去消除浪费，而不是增加更多的人员。
The perfect example of the use of Takt Time is in the war time manufacturing of Germany, Japan and the United States. Both sides implemented the theory of Takt Time to precisely manufacture and deliver wartime goods to their militaries, with the precise timing of those deliveries arriving exactly when there was demand. Both sides were exceptional at the practice of Takt Time. Fortunately for the United States, we enjoyed a production tempo that greatly outpaced our enemies. The power of American production was a great fear of both Germany and Japan in the months leading up to hostilities. They knew that America was a sleeping giant when it came to production, precision and innovation in the manufacturing processes.
应用节拍时间的完美案例，当属战时的德国、日本和美国三国的制造业。双方都贯彻了节拍时间的理论进行精确制造，并在有军方需求的时间，将战时物质准时交付给各自的军方。双方在时间节拍时间方面都非常出色。幸运的是，对美国来说，我们的生产速度大大超过了敌方。美国的生产能力，让德国和日本在长达数月的战争中产生了巨大的恐慌。提及制造，以及制造流程的精细与创新方面，德国和日本都知道，美国曾经是一个“沉睡的巨人”。
When a manufacturing team tracks Takt Time, they have a heightened awareness of output rates and potential problems. They attempt to achieve the Takt Time on each cycle and immediately make necessary corrections.
在制造团队跟踪节拍时间时，他们便对产出率和潜在的问题进一步提高了认识。他们会努力让每一个循环都能达到节拍时间，并立即进行必要的修正。
閱讀更多 IATF16949 的文章
