今天起，小浙老师要为同学们推出一个全新的语法专题：近五年高考语法真题专练， 希望对你的英语复习有帮助。今天的语法专练是冠词、名词和主谓一致。
冠词、名词和主谓一致
2018年试题
1.【2018·天津】6. The__________ that there is life on other planets in the universe has always inspired scientists to explore the outer space.
A. advice B. order C. possibility D. invitation
【答案】C
【解析】考查名词词义辨析及语境理解。句意：宇宙中其它星球上存在生命这种可能性总是激励科学家们去探索外部空间。A. advice建议；B. order命令；C. possibility可能性；D. invitation邀请。故选C。
2.【2018·江苏】32. Try to understand what’s actually happening instead of acting on the _______ you’ve made.
A. assignment B. association C. acquisition D. assumption
【答案】D
【解题指导】本题考查名词辨析。名词考查是高考重点考查的知识点。本题抓住句中的关键词actually happening实际发生和instead of而不是，可知是假设，从而选出正确答案。
2017年试题
【2017· 江苏】24.The publication of Great Expectations, which _______ both widely reviewed and highly praised, strengthened Dickens’ status as a leading novelist.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
【答案】C
【解析】考查主谓一致。先行词是Great Expectations，“Great Expectations”是书名，看做单数，所以定语从句的谓语也要使用单数形式；根据“strengthened”可知，说的是过去，故选C。句意：《远大前程》的出版获得了广泛的认可和高度的赞扬，这坐实了狄更斯作为前沿小说家的地位。
【2017·天津卷】6. Nowadays, cycling, along with jogging and swimming, _______ as one of the best all-round forms of exercise.
A. regard B. is regarded C. are regarded D. regards
【答案】B
2016年试题
1.【2016·浙江】4. It is important to pay your electricity bill on time , as late payments may affect your ______.
A. condition B. income C. credit D. status
【答案】C
2.【2016·天津】10. The weather forecast says it will be cloudy with a slight _____ of rain later tonight.
A. effect B. sense C. change D. chance
【答案】D
【解析】试题分析：句意：天气预报说今天会是多云，后半夜可能有雨。A.影响；B.感觉；C.改变；D.机会，可能性。故选D。
考点：考查名词辨析。
3.【2016·浙江】2.______prize for the winner of the competition is ______two-week holiday in Paris.
A. The ; 不填 B. A ; 不填 C. A ; the D. The ; a
【答案】D
【解析】
试题分析： 句意：这个比赛获胜者的奖品是一个巴黎的两个星期的假期。第一空填the，是特指“获胜者的奖品”，用定冠词，第二空是泛指“一个两周的假期”，用不定冠词a。故选A。
考点：考查冠词。
4.【2016·江苏】24. — Can you tell us your for happiness and a long life?
— Living every day to the full, definitely.
A. recipe B. record C. range D. receipt
【答案】A
2015年试题
1.【2015·湖北】21.When he was running after his brother, the boy lost his and had a bad fall.
A. balance B .chance C .memory D .place
【答案】A
【解析】
试题分析：句意：男孩在追他哥哥时，失去了平衡，重重地摔了一跤。A项“平衡”；B项“机会”；C项“记忆”；D项“地方”。lose one’s balance“失去平衡”。故选A项。
2.【2015·湖北】22.He gave himself a new name to hide his ____ when he went to carry out the secret task.
A. emotion B. talent C. identity D. treasure
【答案】C
【解析】
试题分析：句意：他执行一项秘密任务时，给自己起了一个新的名字来掩盖身份。A项“情绪”；B项“才能”；C项“身份”；D项“财富”。故选C项。
3.【2015·安徽】30.There is no need to tell me your answer now. Give it some ______ and then let me know.
A. thought B. support C. protection D. authority
【答案】A
4.【2015·江苏】35.—Go and say sorry to your Mom, Dave.
—I’d like to, but I’m afraid she won’t be happy with my ______ .
A. requests B. excuses C. apologies D. regrets
【答案】C
【解析】
试题分析：句意：—Dave，去跟你的妈妈道歉。—我想这样做，但是我担心她对我的道歉不满意。A项“请求”；B项“借口”；C项“道歉”；D项“遗憾，后悔”。故选C项。
5.【2015·江苏】32.Some schools will have to make ______ in agreement with the national soccer reform.
A. judgments B. adjustments C. comments D. achievements
【答案】B
【解析】
试题分析：句意：为了与国家的足球改革相适应，一些学校必须做出调整。A项“判断，决断”；B项“调整”；C项“评价，评论”；D项“成就”。故选B项。
2014年试题
1.【2014·重庆卷】6. I can’t tell you _______ way to the Wilsons’ because we don’t have _______ Wilson here in the village.
A. the; a B. a; / C. a; the D. the; /
【答案】A
2.【2014·江西卷】22. They chose Tom to be ___captain of the team because they knew he was __smart leader.
A. a; the B. the; the C. the; a D. a; a
【答案】C
【解析】
试题分析：Captain后跟了个介词短语of the team作定语，表特指；后一空表类型（一个聪明的领导者），因此C选项正确。句意为“ 他们选了汤姆为这个队的队长，那是因为他们知道汤姆是个聪明的头儿。”
3.【2014·陕西卷】19. ________ village where I was born has grown into ________ town.
A. The; a B. A; the C. The; the D. A; a
【答案】A
【解析】试题分析：考查冠词。第一空后的名词后有where引导的定语从句，故应是特指，用the；第二空表示一个城镇，故填不定冠词a。故选A。
4.【2014·天津卷】3. Wind is now the world’s fastest growing ________ of power.
A. source B. sense C. result D. root
【答案】A
【解析】
试题分析：句意：风现在是世界上增长最快的电力资源。source 资源；sense感觉、意识；result结果；root根源。结合语境可知选A。
5.【2014·湖北卷】Her_____ for writing was a desire for women to get the right to higher education.
A. motivation B. qualification C. talent D. technique
【答案】A
【解析】
试题分析：A项表示“动力，激励”；B项为“资格”；C项是“才能，天赋”；D项表示“技巧”。句意上“她写作的动力源自为女性获得更高教育的权利”。故选A。
考点：考查名词辨析及语境理解。
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