题型分析
“短文填空”的考查方式是给出一段200词左右的短文,在短文中挖出10个空,要求考生通读短文,掌握大意,然后补全短文,每空一词。其中所填的单词是初中英语课标要求掌握的单词,主要以八大词类(名词、动词、形容词、副词、代词、介词、连词、冠词等)为主。
近几年短文填空没有图片,难度较往年有所加大。主要考查以下几个方面的能力:(1)对上下文的理解和把握;(2)推测句子的真正含义以及根据生活常识进行判断;(3)逻辑推理能力;(4)对习惯用法和常用搭配的掌握情况,注意本题不是单纯考查语法知识;(5)在一定的语境中考查学生的语法知识、词汇知识和语用知识等的掌握情况。
近几年短文填空有如下特点:
(1)选材贴近生活,体现学科核心素养。
近几年均选用了通俗易懂、熟悉地道的故事性语言材料,学生读起来容易理解故事情节。
(2)考查重点突出,答案灵活。
重点考查名词、动词、形容词、连词,其中对名词及动词相关时态的灵活运用考查较多,且答案多样化,充分考虑了学生思维的多样性。
(3)难度较大,得分率较低。
短文填空题历年来难度最大,要求学生在读懂原文的基础上,准确填写所缺的词,同时还要注意时态、语态、词形的变化,对学生的基本功要求很高,是令学生最头痛的考题。近几年此题型的平均分仅为3.96分,是考生失分最严重的题型。
2017~2019年广东中考英语短文填空考点分析
真题分析
(2019·广东 )短文填空(本大题有10小题, 每小题1.5分, 共15分)
请用适当的词完成下面的短文,并把所缺单词填写在答题卡指定的位置上。每个空只能填写一个形式正确、意义相符的单词。
Last winter holiday, I visited a village with only 11 houses. 71 the village was very small, I spent a whole day in it.
The village became popular because 72 Grandpa Huang’s hard work.He bought a house there over 30 years 73 , but in 2010 the village was to be pulled down.In order to save the old village, Grandpa Huang painted on the walls of 74 own house and other houses.He painted things that he liked.In the village, there were many paintings of 75 , such as cats and birds.The most popular paintings for visitors were of famous people.One of them was a picture of Andy.He was my 76 singer.I liked him so much that I asked a visitor to 77 a photo of that painting and me.On the ground of the village, Grandpa Huang has painted 78 lot of well-known Chinese sayings.From them, Grandpa Huang learned to live a long and happy 79 .
I really had a good time in the village 80 wished to visit it again.
【参考答案】
本文是一篇游记,主要记叙了“我”在去年寒假参观一个小村庄的所见所闻。
71.Although/Though 考查从属连词。此句的前后内容之间存在让步关系,故用表示让步关系的although或though。此句意为“虽然这个村子很小,但我在里面度过了一天的时光。”
72.of 考查介词短语。短语because of意为“因为,由于”,后接名词( 短语 )、代词或动名词等。Grandpa Huang’s hard work是名词短语。句意:由于黄爷爷的努力,村子变得很受欢迎。
73.ago 考查时间副词。结合语境可推知,此处指在30多年前,黄爷爷在那里买了一所房子。ago意为“以前,以往”,与一般过去时连用。
74.his 考查物主代词。结合空格后的“own house and other houses”可推知,此处指黄爷爷他自己的房子,故用his。
75.animals 考查名词。结合空格后的“such as cats and birds”,可知此处指很多动物的画。
76.favo(u)rite 考查形容词。结合下一句“I liked him so much that I asked a visitor to…a photo of that painting and me.”可推知,Andy是“我”最喜爱的歌手。
77.take 考查动词短语。短语take a photo of…意为“给……拍照片”。此处指给“我”和那幅画拍一张照片。
78.a 考查冠词和固定搭配。短语a lot of意为“很多”。
79.life 考查名词和固定搭配。结合上一句可推知,黄爷爷从这些中国谚语中学习去过长寿且幸福的生活。live a long and happy life意为“过着长寿且幸福的生活”。
80.and 考查并列连词。and在此处表示并列,连接两个并列的谓语动词。
在线练习
（一）
Tommy lived in a village with his grandpa. Each morning Grandpa got up early to read his 1 .
One day Tommy asked, “Grandpa! I try to read books like you, but I always forget 2 I have read very soon. What’s the advantage of reading books?”
Grandpa didn’t reply him 3 . He pointed to an old dirty basket in the corner and said, “Take this basket to the river and bring me back a basket of water.” Tommy did as he was told. Of course, he brought back 4 empty basket. Grandpa laughed and said, “You’ll have to walk faster next time.”
Tommy did again. This time he ran faster 5 the result was the same.
“Grandpa, it was impossible to carry water in a basket.”
“Tommy, I don’t think you are trying hard enough. Why do you 6 up so easily?”
With lots of questions in mind, Tommy decided to have the last try. This time he did it even faster, but no matter how hard he tried, he still 7 .
“See, Grandpa, it’s still useless! The basket can never be filled 8 water.” Tommy shouted when he got into the house. He ran so fast that he was out of breath.
“So you think it’s useless? Look at the basket.” Grandpa said.
Tommy looked at the basket and for the first time, he realized that it was different. Instead of a dirty old basket, it was 9 inside and outside.
“Tommy, that is what happens to you when you read books. You might not understand or remember 10 , but when you read, you will be changed little by little, inside and outside.”
【答案】
66. book(s) 67. what 68. directly/immediately 69. an 70.but
71. give 72. failed 73. with 74. clean 75. everything/well/them
（二）
China is a country with many colorful days and festivals. The Dragon Head Raising Day (Longtaitou) is one of them.This special 1.________ is on the second day of the second month in the Chinese lunar calendar (阴历). It stands 2._______ the start of spring and farming.
The dragon is important in Chinese culture. We Chinese people call 3._______ the
“descendants (传人) of the dragon”. Therefore, people 4.________ the Dragon Head Raising Day with many customs(传统) about dragons.
On the day in ancient times(古代), people 5.________ ashes (灰) in the kitchen. This was to “lead the dragon into the house”. People believed that with the 6._______ of the dragon, they could have a good harvest (收成) 7.________ autumn. Also, people eat special 8.________ on that day. The foods are usually named after dragons. For example, people eat “dragon whisker (细须)” noodles and dumplings called “dragon teeth”.
Today, many customs have disappeared. But one that has 9.________ is the cutting of hair. It was said that a haircut during the first lunar month may bring bad luck to the 10.________ —mother’s brothers. So many people have their hair cut on the Dragon Head Raising Day.
【答案】
1. day 2. for 3. ourselves 4.celebrate 5.put
6. help 7. in 8.food(s) 9.remained 10.uncles
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