德昌傈僳族简介
傈僳族是凉山彝族自治州14个世居民族之一，德昌是凉山傈僳族人口最多的县，2016年底德昌有傈僳族6893人。
据传，德昌傈僳族祖先早期居住在“窝勒”（今四川省攀枝花市仁和区务本乡）,后辗转迁入德昌，最早迁入德昌是在1660年前后，此后，从米易、攀枝花、盐边、乃至云南等地陆续有族人迁入。
因为族人迁入后非常封闭，主要居住于二半山上，从事农耕放牧与狩猎，经济上自给自足，因而受外界影响很小，所以保留了许多传统文化。
德昌傈僳族盛行万物有灵，崇尚祖先，迷信鬼神的自然崇拜。以前有本民族语言而无本民族文字，1984年起，族人在云南省丽江县学习傈僳文，由此凉山境内才有了傈僳文。傈僳族传统为一夫一妻，包办婚姻与近亲结婚盛行。《婚姻法》实施后，傈僳族地区自由恋爱盛行。
近年来，凉山实施脱贫攻坚，傈僳族群众大多住上了好房子，吃穿不愁，日子也过得充满了希望。教育事业有了大的发展，金沙、南山两乡有了中心校，实现了一村一幼，普及了15年免费教育，村村有了卫生所，群众有病就医已经成为常态。烤烟早菜林果劳务输出产业已成规模，农民增收明显。
在党的民族政策的照耀下，德昌傈僳族地区发生了翻天覆地的变化，2016年县境内傈僳族脱贫迈向小康社会。
Introduction of Lisu Minority in Dechang County
Lisu minority is one of the 14 ethnic groups that have lived in Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture for generations. Dechang county is the county with the largest population of Lisu minorities. By the end of 2016, there were 6893 Lisu People in Dechang county.
It is said that the ancestors of Lisu minority in Dechang county lived in "Wole" (now Wuben Township, Renhe District, Panzhihua City, Sichuan Province) in the early period, and then moved to Dechang. The first time they moved to Dechang was around 1660. Since then, Lisu people from Miyi, Panzhihua, Yanbian and even Yunnan moved in gradually.
After they moved in, they lived closely mainly in Erban Mountain, engaged in farming, grazing and hunting, and were economically self-sufficient, so they have been little affected by the outside world, and a lot of traditional culture are retained.
The Lisu minority in Dechang county is popular in the worship of spirits, ancestors and ghosts. In the past, there was a native language but no texts. Lishu people began to study Lisu language in Lijiang County, Yunnan Province from 1984, and thus Lisu language became popular in the territory of Liangshan. Lisu People are traditionally monogamous, and arranged marriage and consanguineous marriage were popular. After the implementation of Marriage Law, free love prevails in Lisu area.
In recent years, Liangshan prefecture has carried out poverty alleviation policies, and most of the Lisu People are living in good houses. They don't worry about food and clothing, and their lives are full of hope. Great development has been made in education. Central schools have been established in Jinsha and Nanshan townships.There are kindergartens in all villages,and 15 years of free education have been popularized. Health clinics are set in every village, and it has become a normal practice for people to see a doctor if they are ill. The flue-cured tobacco, early vegetables, forest, fruit and labor export industry are scaled, and the income of farmers has increased significantly.
Under the guidance of the Party's national policy, great changes have taken place in the Lisu region of Dechang county. In 2016, Lisu People in the county got rid of poverty and entered a well-off society.
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（据凉山彝州新闻网）
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