紫砂壺是中國一種傳統茶壺，相傳源自宋代至明武宗正德年間。製作紫砂壺的材料是紫砂礦土，由紫泥、綠泥和紅泥三種基本泥構成，統稱紫砂泥。因產自江蘇宜興，又稱宜興紫砂。好茶者認為，用紫砂壺泡茶，茶味雋永醇厚，紫砂壺因其特殊的雙氣孔結構，能吸收茶香茶色茶味，因此茶壺使用越久，泡出來的茶越香越醇。因紫砂壺吸色吸味的特點，有“一壺不侍二茶”之說。
Zisha teapot is a kind of traditional teapot in China. It is said that it originated from the Zhengde period of Wuzong from Song Dynasty to Ming Dynasty. The material for making red clay pot is red sand mineral soil, which is composed of three kinds of basic mud: Purple mud, green mud and red mud. Because it is produced in Yixing, Jiangsu Province, it is also called Yixing purple sand. Good tea makers believe that the tea made in the teapot is meaningful and mellow. Because of its special double stomatal structure, the teapot can absorb the tea flavor. Therefore, the longer the teapot is used, the more fragrant and mellow the tea is. Because of the characteristics of purple clay pot, there is a saying that "one pot doesn't serve two teas".
紫砂生產始於北宋中葉，至明正德年間（1506－1521年）開始興盛，並湧現出了許多民間藝人。其中供春， 把紫砂器推進到一個新的境界而成為最早的著名民間藝人。至萬曆年間，名匠輩出，各人自立門戶，爭奇鬥 勝。在製品的燒製技術上也得到改進，使產品增加了色彩和光潔度。萬曆以後 紫砂工業形成獨立的生產體系， 而進入百品競新的興盛時期，除了生產茶具外，還生產文房雅玩、香盒等工藝品。明未，紫砂被葡萄牙商人帶 到歐洲，稱為"紅色瓷器"。清代，紫砂工藝迅速發展，產品的式樣和風格比明代更為奇特，新品種也不斷增加 ，如紫砂花盆以及種種陳設和玩具。其中有借鑑花果造型和古銅器式樣的茶壺，還有用各種粉彩山水裝飾的紫 砂壺以及花生、荸薺各式果品的紫砂象形品。由於壺藝精進，常被宮廷皇室選為貢品，並向歐洲、日本、東南 亞及南美各國出口。民國4年，宜興紫砂首次在巴拿馬國際博覽會中獲獎。民國6年，江蘇省立陶器工廠在蜀山 成立，招聘陶瓷專家和技術工人生產紫砂器，並對紫砂泥質、泥色以及造型等進行研究和改進。民國10年，利 用公司在蜀山開辦利用陶工傳習所，招收和培養紫砂藝徒，並建造龍窯1座，燒造紫砂產品。其時，紫砂生產分 佈於蜀山、潛洛、上袁等地，燒造紫砂產品的窯已有10座，年產量達100多萬件。到了民國21年，紫砂人業人數 已達600多人，全年共140窯，年產量220萬件，年產值約42萬元，佔宜興陶瓷工業總產的15%左右，並直接接受 日本、東南亞等國的訂貨，是紫砂工業特盛的一年。是年，朱可心、陳壽珍、俞國良、吳雲根、範福奎等紫砂 藝人的作品[雲龍鼎]、[掇球]、[仿古]、[傳爐]等均獲美國芝加哥博覽會優秀獎。
Purple sand production began in the middle of the Northern Song Dynasty, and began to flourish in the Zhengde period of the Ming Dynasty (1506-1521), and many folk artists emerged. Among them, the offering of spring promotes the purple sand ware to a new realm and becomes the first famous folk artist. In the Wanli period, there were many famous craftsmen, each of whom set up his own door and fought for success. The firing technology of the products in process has also been improved, which makes the products more colorful and smooth. After Wanli, the Zisha industry formed an independent production system, and entered a new period of prosperity, in addition to the production of tea sets, but also the production of Arts and crafts such as stationery, games, incense boxes. In the late Ming Dynasty, purple sand was brought to Europe by Portuguese merchants, known as "red porcelain". In the Qing Dynasty, with the rapid development of Zisha technology, the style and style of the products were more peculiar than that of the Ming Dynasty, and new varieties were also increasing, such as Zisha flowerpots and various furnishings and toys. Among them, there are teapots that draw lessons from the shapes of flowers and fruits and ancient bronze ware, as well as teapots decorated with various kinds of pastel landscapes, and purple sand pictographs of various kinds of fruits such as peanuts and water chestnuts. Because of its advanced craftsmanship, it is often chosen as a tribute by the royal court and exported to Europe, Japan, Southeast Asia and South America. In the 4th year of the Republic of China, Yixing Zisha won the first prize in Panama International Expo. In the 6th year of the Republic of China, Jiangsu Provincial pottery factory was established in Shushan, which recruited ceramic experts and technical workers to produce purple sand ware, and researched and improved the quality, color and shape of purple sand. In the 10th year of the Republic of China, the company opened a Pottery Workshop in Shushan to recruit and cultivate purple sand artists, and built a dragon kiln to make purple sand products. At that time, purple sand production was distributed in Shushan, qianluo, Shangyuan and other places. There were 10 kilns for firing purple sand products, with an annual output of more than 1 million pieces. In the 21st year of the Republic of China, the number of people engaged in Zisha industry has reached more than 600, with 140 kilns in total, an annual output of 2.2 million pieces, an annual output value of about 420000 yuan, accounting for about 15% of the total output of Yixing ceramic industry, and directly accepting orders from Japan, Southeast Asia and other countries. In the same year, the works of Zisha artists such as Zhu Kexin, Chen ShouZhen, Yu Guoliang, Wu yungen and fan Fukui [yunlongding], [duoqiu], [archaize] and [pass stove] won the excellence award of Chicago Expo.
紫砂陶有五大特點：
There are five characteristics of Zisha pottery:
第一、紫砂陶是從砂錘鍊出來的陶，既不奪茶香氣又無熟湯氣，故用以泡茶色香味皆蘊。
First, purple sand pottery is tempered from sand. It doesn't capture the aroma of tea or the flavor of cooked soup, so it's used to make tea.
第二、砂質茶壺能吸收茶汁，使角一段時日能增積“茶鏽”，所以空壺裡注入沸水也有茶香。
Second, the sandy teapot can absorb the tea juice, so that the corner can accumulate "tea rust" for a period of time, so the empty teapot can also be filled with boiling water.
第三、便於洗滌，日久不用，難免異味，可用開水泡燙兩三遍，然後倒去冷水，再泡茶原味不變。
Third, it's easy to wash. If you don't use it for a long time, it's hard to avoid peculiar smell. You can soak it in boiling water for two or three times, then pour out cold water, and make tea with the same original taste.
第四、冷熱急變適應性強，寒冬臘月，注入沸水，不因溫度急變而脹裂；而且砂質傳熱緩慢，無論提撫握拿均不燙手。
Fourth, it has strong adaptability to hot and cold changes. In the cold winter, boiling water is injected, and it will not crack due to temperature changes; moreover, the heat transfer of sand is slow, and it is not hot no matter how you touch it or how you hold it.
第五、紫砂陶質耐燒，冬天置於溫火燒茶，壺也不易爆裂。當年蘇東坡用紫砂陶提樑壺烹茶，有“松風竹爐，提壺相呼”的詩句，也決非偶然。這就是古今中外講究飲茶的人，所以特別喜愛用紫砂壺的原因。
Fifth, the quality of purple sand pottery is fire-resistant. In winter, tea is burned in a warm fire, and the pot is not easy to burst. When Su Dongpo cooked tea in a teapot with a teapot of purple pottery, it was no accident that there was a poem "pinewind and bamboo stove, raising the teapot and shouting at each other". This is why people at all times and in all over the world pay attention to tea drinking, so they especially like to use teapots.
時大彬（1573——1648）號少山，又稱大彬、時彬。是明萬曆至清順治年間人，是著名的紫砂“四大家”之一時朋的兒子。他在泥料中摻入砂，開創了調砂法制壺，古人稱之為“砂粗質古肌理勻”，別具情趣。他對紫砂陶的泥料配製、成型技法、造型設計與銘刻，都極有研究，確立了至今仍為紫砂業沿襲的用泥片和鑲接那種憑空成型的高難度技術體系，生於明代萬曆年間，歿於清代順治初年。時大彬制壺技藝全面，在泥料配製、成形技法、器形設計以及屬款書法方面都有卓越的成就。
Shidabin (1573-1648) Shaoshan, also known as Dabin and Shibin. He was born between Wanli of Ming Dynasty and Shunzhi of Qing Dynasty. He was the son of one of the famous "four masters" of Zisha. He mixed sand in the mud and created the sand mixing pot. The ancients called it "coarse sand with uniform ancient texture", which has special interest. He had a great deal of research on the clay preparation, molding techniques, modeling design and inscriptions of Zisha pottery, and established the high-difficulty technical system of clay chip and inlay, which is still inherited by Zisha industry. He was born in Wanli period of Ming Dynasty and died in the early years of Shunzhi period of Qing Dynasty. Shi Dabin's pot making skills are comprehensive, and he has made outstanding achievements in clay preparation, forming techniques, shape design and calligraphy.
他精選紫砂泥調配成各種泥色，用以製品，形成古樸雄渾的風格。他的早期作品多模仿供春大壺，後根據文人飲茶習尚改制小壺，並落款製作年月，被推崇為壺藝正宗。傳世作品不多，北京、上海、南京、臺灣等博物館均有收藏。他在泥料中摻入砂，開創了調砂法制壺，古人稱之為“砂粗質古肌理勻”，別具情趣。在成形技法方面，改進了供春“斫木為模”的製法，把打身筒成形法與鑲身筒成形法結合起來，由此確定了紫砂壺泥片鑲接成形的基本方法，是紫砂壺製法的一大飛躍；又首創方形、圓形壺式，成為紫砂壺造型的典型壺式。時大彬聽從陳繼儒等文人的建議，改作大壺為小壺，使紫砂壺更適合文人的飲茶習慣，把文人情趣引入壺藝，使壺藝與茶道相結合，把壺藝推進到了一個新的高度。
He selected purple sand mud and mixed it into a variety of mud colors for products to form a simple and vigorous style. His early works mostly imitated the big pot for the Spring Festival, and then he reformed the small pot according to the tea drinking habits of literati, and signed the date of production, which was praised as the authentic pot art. There are not many handed down works, which are collected in Beijing, Shanghai, Nanjing, Taiwan and other museums. He mixed sand in the mud and created the sand mixing pot. The ancients called it "coarse sand with uniform ancient texture", which has special interest. In the aspect of forming technique, the method of "wood as mold" was improved, which combined the forming method of body beating cylinder with the forming method of body inlaying cylinder, thus the basic method of clay slice inlaying forming of red sand pot was determined, which was a great leap of the manufacturing method of red sand pot; and the square and round pot type was first created, which became the typical pot type of red sand pot. Shi Dabin followed the advice of Chen Jiru and other literati, changed the big pot into a small pot, so that the purple sand pot was more suitable for the literati's tea drinking habits, introduced the literati's interest into the pot art, combined the pot art with the tea ceremony, and promoted the pot art to a new height.
專家推薦：時大彬是明萬曆至清順治年間人，是紫砂“四大家”之一時朋的兒子。他在泥料中摻入砂，開創了調砂法制壺，古人稱之為“砂粗質古肌理勻”，別具情趣。此壺壺身作平底、圈足、鼓腹狀，顯得十分平穩。肩上口沿綴短頸一圈，頸上置一較高的圜形壺蓋，蓋面與頸口的子母扣合口，相接嚴實。壺身淨面無紋飾，壺嘴與壺口相平，好使壺內容量達到飽和。這是時大彬長期細心觀察的科學設計，也是他善於移植傳統工藝的最好的說明。刻在圈足內平底上的楷書"時大彬制"四字。從整器造型看，端莊挺拔，造型古樸，器物線條流暢，型體飽滿、勻稱、輕盈，充滿一種亭亭玉立的美感，非常生動。製作技藝高超，裝飾法獨特，紋飾生動、精美，口部、腹部、裙部及足部，分割點比例對稱，藝術感極強。該壺砂質堅實，造型別致，手感溫潤，極具藝術價值和收藏價值。
Expert recommendation: Shi Dabin was born between Wanli of the Ming Dynasty and Shunzhi of the Qing Dynasty. He was the son of one of Zisha's four great friends. He mixed sand in the mud and created the sand mixing pot. The ancients called it "coarse sand with uniform ancient texture", which has special interest. The body of this pot is made of flat bottom, round foot and drum belly, which is very stable. The upper part of the shoulder is decorated with a short neck, and a high round shaped pot cover is arranged on the neck. The cover surface is tightly connected with the daughter and mother buttons of the neck. There is no tattoo on the clean surface of the pot body, and the mouth of the pot is flat with the mouth of the pot, so as to make the capacity of the pot reach saturation. This is the scientific design that Shi Dabin has observed carefully for a long time, and also the best explanation that he is good at transplanting traditional crafts. The regular>
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