紫砂壶是中国一种传统茶壶，相传源自宋代至明武宗正德年间。制作紫砂壶的材料是紫砂矿土，由紫泥、绿泥和红泥三种基本泥构成，统称紫砂泥。因产自江苏宜兴，又称宜兴紫砂。好茶者认为，用紫砂壶泡茶，茶味隽永醇厚，紫砂壶因其特殊的双气孔结构，能吸收茶香茶色茶味，因此茶壶使用越久，泡出来的茶越香越醇。因紫砂壶吸色吸味的特点，有“一壶不侍二茶”之说。
Zisha teapot is a kind of traditional teapot in China. It is said that it originated from the Zhengde period of Wuzong from Song Dynasty to Ming Dynasty. The material for making red clay pot is red sand mineral soil, which is composed of three kinds of basic mud: Purple mud, green mud and red mud. Because it is produced in Yixing, Jiangsu Province, it is also called Yixing purple sand. Good tea makers believe that the tea made in the teapot is meaningful and mellow. Because of its special double stomatal structure, the teapot can absorb the tea flavor. Therefore, the longer the teapot is used, the more fragrant and mellow the tea is. Because of the characteristics of purple clay pot, there is a saying that "one pot doesn't serve two teas".
紫砂生产始于北宋中叶，至明正德年间（1506－1521年）开始兴盛，并涌现出了许多民间艺人。其中供春， 把紫砂器推进到一个新的境界而成为最早的著名民间艺人。至万历年间，名匠辈出，各人自立门户，争奇斗 胜。在制品的烧制技术上也得到改进，使产品增加了色彩和光洁度。万历以后 紫砂工业形成独立的生产体系， 而进入百品竞新的兴盛时期，除了生产茶具外，还生产文房雅玩、香盒等工艺品。明未，紫砂被葡萄牙商人带 到欧洲，称为"红色瓷器"。清代，紫砂工艺迅速发展，产品的式样和风格比明代更为奇特，新品种也不断增加 ，如紫砂花盆以及种种陈设和玩具。其中有借鉴花果造型和古铜器式样的茶壶，还有用各种粉彩山水装饰的紫 砂壶以及花生、荸荠各式果品的紫砂象形品。由于壶艺精进，常被宫廷皇室选为贡品，并向欧洲、日本、东南 亚及南美各国出口。民国4年，宜兴紫砂首次在巴拿马国际博览会中获奖。民国6年，江苏省立陶器工厂在蜀山 成立，招聘陶瓷专家和技术工人生产紫砂器，并对紫砂泥质、泥色以及造型等进行研究和改进。民国10年，利 用公司在蜀山开办利用陶工传习所，招收和培养紫砂艺徒，并建造龙窑1座，烧造紫砂产品。其时，紫砂生产分 布于蜀山、潜洛、上袁等地，烧造紫砂产品的窑已有10座，年产量达100多万件。到了民国21年，紫砂人业人数 已达600多人，全年共140窑，年产量220万件，年产值约42万元，占宜兴陶瓷工业总产的15%左右，并直接接受 日本、东南亚等国的订货，是紫砂工业特盛的一年。是年，朱可心、陈寿珍、俞国良、吴云根、范福奎等紫砂 艺人的作品[云龙鼎]、[掇球]、[仿古]、[传炉]等均获美国芝加哥博览会优秀奖。
Purple sand production began in the middle of the Northern Song Dynasty, and began to flourish in the Zhengde period of the Ming Dynasty (1506-1521), and many folk artists emerged. Among them, the offering of spring promotes the purple sand ware to a new realm and becomes the first famous folk artist. In the Wanli period, there were many famous craftsmen, each of whom set up his own door and fought for success. The firing technology of the products in process has also been improved, which makes the products more colorful and smooth. After Wanli, the Zisha industry formed an independent production system, and entered a new period of prosperity, in addition to the production of tea sets, but also the production of Arts and crafts such as stationery, games, incense boxes. In the late Ming Dynasty, purple sand was brought to Europe by Portuguese merchants, known as "red porcelain". In the Qing Dynasty, with the rapid development of Zisha technology, the style and style of the products were more peculiar than that of the Ming Dynasty, and new varieties were also increasing, such as Zisha flowerpots and various furnishings and toys. Among them, there are teapots that draw lessons from the shapes of flowers and fruits and ancient bronze ware, as well as teapots decorated with various kinds of pastel landscapes, and purple sand pictographs of various kinds of fruits such as peanuts and water chestnuts. Because of its advanced craftsmanship, it is often chosen as a tribute by the royal court and exported to Europe, Japan, Southeast Asia and South America. In the 4th year of the Republic of China, Yixing Zisha won the first prize in Panama International Expo. In the 6th year of the Republic of China, Jiangsu Provincial pottery factory was established in Shushan, which recruited ceramic experts and technical workers to produce purple sand ware, and researched and improved the quality, color and shape of purple sand. In the 10th year of the Republic of China, the company opened a Pottery Workshop in Shushan to recruit and cultivate purple sand artists, and built a dragon kiln to make purple sand products. At that time, purple sand production was distributed in Shushan, qianluo, Shangyuan and other places. There were 10 kilns for firing purple sand products, with an annual output of more than 1 million pieces. In the 21st year of the Republic of China, the number of people engaged in Zisha industry has reached more than 600, with 140 kilns in total, an annual output of 2.2 million pieces, an annual output value of about 420000 yuan, accounting for about 15% of the total output of Yixing ceramic industry, and directly accepting orders from Japan, Southeast Asia and other countries. In the same year, the works of Zisha artists such as Zhu Kexin, Chen ShouZhen, Yu Guoliang, Wu yungen and fan Fukui [yunlongding], [duoqiu], [archaize] and [pass stove] won the excellence award of Chicago Expo.
紫砂陶有五大特点：
There are five characteristics of Zisha pottery:
第一、紫砂陶是从砂锤炼出来的陶，既不夺茶香气又无熟汤气，故用以泡茶色香味皆蕴。
First, purple sand pottery is tempered from sand. It doesn't capture the aroma of tea or the flavor of cooked soup, so it's used to make tea.
第二、砂质茶壶能吸收茶汁，使角一段时日能增积“茶锈”，所以空壶里注入沸水也有茶香。
Second, the sandy teapot can absorb the tea juice, so that the corner can accumulate "tea rust" for a period of time, so the empty teapot can also be filled with boiling water.
第三、便于洗涤，日久不用，难免异味，可用开水泡烫两三遍，然后倒去冷水，再泡茶原味不变。
Third, it's easy to wash. If you don't use it for a long time, it's hard to avoid peculiar smell. You can soak it in boiling water for two or three times, then pour out cold water, and make tea with the same original taste.
第四、冷热急变适应性强，寒冬腊月，注入沸水，不因温度急变而胀裂；而且砂质传热缓慢，无论提抚握拿均不烫手。
Fourth, it has strong adaptability to hot and cold changes. In the cold winter, boiling water is injected, and it will not crack due to temperature changes; moreover, the heat transfer of sand is slow, and it is not hot no matter how you touch it or how you hold it.
第五、紫砂陶质耐烧，冬天置于温火烧茶，壶也不易爆裂。当年苏东坡用紫砂陶提梁壶烹茶，有“松风竹炉，提壶相呼”的诗句，也决非偶然。这就是古今中外讲究饮茶的人，所以特别喜爱用紫砂壶的原因。
Fifth, the quality of purple sand pottery is fire-resistant. In winter, tea is burned in a warm fire, and the pot is not easy to burst. When Su Dongpo cooked tea in a teapot with a teapot of purple pottery, it was no accident that there was a poem "pinewind and bamboo stove, raising the teapot and shouting at each other". This is why people at all times and in all over the world pay attention to tea drinking, so they especially like to use teapots.
时大彬（1573——1648）号少山，又称大彬、时彬。是明万历至清顺治年间人，是著名的紫砂“四大家”之一时朋的儿子。他在泥料中掺入砂，开创了调砂法制壶，古人称之为“砂粗质古肌理匀”，别具情趣。他对紫砂陶的泥料配制、成型技法、造型设计与铭刻，都极有研究，确立了至今仍为紫砂业沿袭的用泥片和镶接那种凭空成型的高难度技术体系，生于明代万历年间，殁于清代顺治初年。时大彬制壶技艺全面，在泥料配制、成形技法、器形设计以及属款书法方面都有卓越的成就。
Shidabin (1573-1648) Shaoshan, also known as Dabin and Shibin. He was born between Wanli of Ming Dynasty and Shunzhi of Qing Dynasty. He was the son of one of the famous "four masters" of Zisha. He mixed sand in the mud and created the sand mixing pot. The ancients called it "coarse sand with uniform ancient texture", which has special interest. He had a great deal of research on the clay preparation, molding techniques, modeling design and inscriptions of Zisha pottery, and established the high-difficulty technical system of clay chip and inlay, which is still inherited by Zisha industry. He was born in Wanli period of Ming Dynasty and died in the early years of Shunzhi period of Qing Dynasty. Shi Dabin's pot making skills are comprehensive, and he has made outstanding achievements in clay preparation, forming techniques, shape design and calligraphy.
他精选紫砂泥调配成各种泥色，用以制品，形成古朴雄浑的风格。他的早期作品多模仿供春大壶，后根据文人饮茶习尚改制小壶，并落款制作年月，被推崇为壶艺正宗。传世作品不多，北京、上海、南京、台湾等博物馆均有收藏。他在泥料中掺入砂，开创了调砂法制壶，古人称之为“砂粗质古肌理匀”，别具情趣。在成形技法方面，改进了供春“斫木为模”的制法，把打身筒成形法与镶身筒成形法结合起来，由此确定了紫砂壶泥片镶接成形的基本方法，是紫砂壶制法的一大飞跃；又首创方形、圆形壶式，成为紫砂壶造型的典型壶式。时大彬听从陈继儒等文人的建议，改作大壶为小壶，使紫砂壶更适合文人的饮茶习惯，把文人情趣引入壶艺，使壶艺与茶道相结合，把壶艺推进到了一个新的高度。
He selected purple sand mud and mixed it into a variety of mud colors for products to form a simple and vigorous style. His early works mostly imitated the big pot for the Spring Festival, and then he reformed the small pot according to the tea drinking habits of literati, and signed the date of production, which was praised as the authentic pot art. There are not many handed down works, which are collected in Beijing, Shanghai, Nanjing, Taiwan and other museums. He mixed sand in the mud and created the sand mixing pot. The ancients called it "coarse sand with uniform ancient texture", which has special interest. In the aspect of forming technique, the method of "wood as mold" was improved, which combined the forming method of body beating cylinder with the forming method of body inlaying cylinder, thus the basic method of clay slice inlaying forming of red sand pot was determined, which was a great leap of the manufacturing method of red sand pot; and the square and round pot type was first created, which became the typical pot type of red sand pot. Shi Dabin followed the advice of Chen Jiru and other literati, changed the big pot into a small pot, so that the purple sand pot was more suitable for the literati's tea drinking habits, introduced the literati's interest into the pot art, combined the pot art with the tea ceremony, and promoted the pot art to a new height.
专家推荐：时大彬是明万历至清顺治年间人，是紫砂“四大家”之一时朋的儿子。他在泥料中掺入砂，开创了调砂法制壶，古人称之为“砂粗质古肌理匀”，别具情趣。此壶壶身作平底、圈足、鼓腹状，显得十分平稳。肩上口沿缀短颈一圈，颈上置一较高的圜形壶盖，盖面与颈口的子母扣合口，相接严实。壶身净面无纹饰，壶嘴与壶口相平，好使壶内容量达到饱和。这是时大彬长期细心观察的科学设计，也是他善于移植传统工艺的最好的说明。刻在圈足内平底上的楷书"时大彬制"四字。从整器造型看，端庄挺拔，造型古朴，器物线条流畅，型体饱满、匀称、轻盈，充满一种亭亭玉立的美感，非常生动。制作技艺高超，装饰法独特，纹饰生动、精美，口部、腹部、裙部及足部，分割点比例对称，艺术感极强。该壶砂质坚实，造型别致，手感温润，极具艺术价值和收藏价值。
Expert recommendation: Shi Dabin was born between Wanli of the Ming Dynasty and Shunzhi of the Qing Dynasty. He was the son of one of Zisha's four great friends. He mixed sand in the mud and created the sand mixing pot. The ancients called it "coarse sand with uniform ancient texture", which has special interest. The body of this pot is made of flat bottom, round foot and drum belly, which is very stable. The upper part of the shoulder is decorated with a short neck, and a high round shaped pot cover is arranged on the neck. The cover surface is tightly connected with the daughter and mother buttons of the neck. There is no tattoo on the clean surface of the pot body, and the mouth of the pot is flat with the mouth of the pot, so as to make the capacity of the pot reach saturation. This is the scientific design that Shi Dabin has observed carefully for a long time, and also the best explanation that he is good at transplanting traditional crafts. The regular>
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